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Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Weight Status among Korean Adolescents from Multicultural Families: Using Data from the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys


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Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Weight Status among Korean Adolescents from Multicultural Families: Using Data from the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2019;24(6):465-475
Publication date (electronic) : 2019 December 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.6.465
SuJin Song1orcid_icon, Hyojune Song2orcid_icon
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea, Assistant Professor.
2Department of Multicultural Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, Graduate student.
Corresponding author: SuJin Song. Department of Food and Nutrition, Hannam University. 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea. Tel: (042) 629-8791, Fax: (042) 629-8789, sjsong@hnu.k
Received 2019 October 16; Revised 2019 November 06; Accepted 2019 November 06.

Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated dietary and lifestyle factors associated with the weight status among Korean adolescents in multicultural families.

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed 1,751 multicultural families' adolescents who participated in the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Information on dietary and lifestyle factors was self-reported using a web-based questionnaire and this information included breakfast and foods consumption, perceived health status, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, and weight control efforts. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the self-reported height and body weight (kg/m2). Weight status was assessed according to the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart: underweight (weight-for-age <5th percentiles), overweight (85th≤ BMI-for-age <95th percentiles), and obese (BMI-for-age ≥95th percentiles). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with weight status after adjustment for covariates.

Results

Among Korean adolescents from multicultural families, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 20.9%, whereas about 7% of adolescents were underweight. The weight status did not show differences according to gender, school level, area of residence, and household income. Compared to adolescents who did not have breakfast during the previous week, those who had breakfast 3–4 days/week and ≥5 days/week had a 42% (p=0.021) and a 37% (p=0.009) lower prevalence of overweight/obesity, respectively. The adolescents who frequently consumed carbonated soft drinks (≥5 times/week) showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% CI=1.01–2.83) for overweight/obesity relative to those adolescents who did not consume carbonated soft drinks. The OR of being underweight for adolescents who ate fast food ≥3 times/week was 1.97 (95% CI=1.04–3.71) compared to those adolescents who had not eaten fast food during the previous week.

Conclusions

Dietary and lifestyle factors were associated with overweight/obesity as well as underweight among Korean adolescents in multicultural families. Our findings could be used to design and provide nutrition interventions for this specific population.

Keywords: adolescents; multicultural family; dietary factors; weight status; overweight/obesity

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a fund by Research of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Research Promotion Project for Investigation of Causes and Solutions of Regional Health Disparities) and the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2019R1F1A1059866).

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Funded by : Korea Centers for Disease Control & Preventionhttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100003669
Funded by : National Research Foundation of Koreahttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100003725
Award ID : NRF-2019R1F1A1059866

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Weight status by sociodemographic characteristics among Korean adolescents from multicultural families. All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights. Weight status was assessed according to the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart: underweight (weight-for-age <5th percentiles), overweight (85th≤ BMI-for-age <95th percentiles), and obese (BMI-for-age ≥95th percentiles). P-values were obtained from the chi-square test.

Table 1

Sociodemographic characteristics of the study subjects by sex1)

Table 1

SE, standard error.

1) All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.

2) P-values were obtained from the chi-square test.

Table 2

Dietary and lifestyle factors by sex and school level among Korean adolescents from multicultural families1)

Table 2

SE, standard error.

1) All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.

2) P-values were obtained from the chi-square test.

3) n=863.

Table 3

Associations of dietary and lifestyle factors with weight status among Korean adolescents from multicultural families1, 2)

Table 3

95% CI, 95% confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference.

1) All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.

2) OR (95% CI) and P-values were obtained from the multiple logistic regression models after adjustment for sex, age, living area, household income, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, and weight control, where applicable.

3) Underweight n=57, overweight/obese n=177.