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Nutritional Risk of the Elderly Receiving a Home-Delivered Meal Service Program and the Factors for Nutritional Risk


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Nutritional Risk of the Elderly Receiving a Home-Delivered Meal Service Program and the Factors for Nutritional Risk

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2019;24(3):197-207
Publication date (electronic) : 2019 June 30
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.3.197
Na-Young Yi1orcid_icon, Jung-Hwa Choi2orcid_icon
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea, Professor.
2Department of Food and Nutrition, Soongeui Women's College, Seoul 04628, Korea, Professor.
Corresponding author: Jung-Hwa Choi. Department of Food and Nutrition, Soongeui Women's College, Seoul 04628, Korea. Tel: (02) 3708-9262, Fax: (02) 3708-9121, junghwachoi@sewc.co.kr
Received 2019 June 07; Revised 2019 June 24; Accepted 2019 June 24.

Abstract

Objectives

This study examined the characteristics and nutritional risk of the elderly who receive home delivery services. We then analyzed the effects of the characteristics of the elderly who receive the home-delivery meal service on their nutritional risk.

Methods

A total of 220 respondents who receive home-delivery meal service in Seoul participated in the survey. The survey consisted of the characteristics of the elderly (health status, tooth condition, physical activity, social participation activity, depression and relationship with neighbors), nutritional risk assessment and other general matters. The data was analyzed by using the SPSS program. Cross-tabulation analysis, t-test, correlation analysis and regression analysis were all conducted.

Results

47.0% of the subjects were under 80 years old and 53.0% were over 80 years old, The nutritional risk score, as evaluated by a Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) checklist was 10.7 points, and the high nutrition risk group was 91.5% of the subjects. The subjective self-health status score was 2.24 points (out of a total of 5 points) and the tooth status score was 3.30 points. The physical activity level was 2.17 points for the under 80 years old group and 1.76 points for the over 80 years old, and there was a significant difference according to age (p<0.01), The higher the health status, tooth condition, physical activity and social participation activity level, the lower was the nutritional risk. Further, the higher the degree of depression, the higher was the nutritional risk.

Conclusions

For the healthy life of the elderly in the community, various welfare policies should be planned to increase social participation as well as to promote physical health and reduce depression.

Keywords: elderly; home-delivery meal service; nutritional risk

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2016R1C1B1010809).

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Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Funded by : National Research Foundation of Koreahttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100003725
Award ID : 2016R1C1B1010809

Table 1

General characteristics of respondents

Table 1

1) N (%), 2) Multiple choices

**: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001

Table 2

Characteristics of elderly receiving home-delivered meal service program

Table 2

1) A 5-point scale was used (1: strongly disagree ~5: strongly agree), 2) Mean (SD)

**: p<0.01

Table 3

Subject response for the Nutrition Screening Initiative(NSI) checklist

Table 3

1) N (%), 2) Mean (SD), 3) t-value

*: p<0.05

Table 4

Distribution of NSI checklist score results

Table 4

1) N (%)

Table 5

Correlation relationship between main variables

Table 5

*: p<0.05, **: p<0.01

Table 6

Effects of the elderly characteristics on Nutritional risk

Table 6

*: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001