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Evaluation of Total Fat and Fatty Acids Intakes in the Korean Adult Population using Data from the 2016–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys


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Evaluation of Total Fat and Fatty Acids Intakes in the Korean Adult Population using Data from the 2016–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2019;24(3):223-231
Publication date (electronic) : 2019 June 30
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.3.223
SuJin Song1orcid_icon, Jae Eun Shim2orcid_icon
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea, Professor.
2Department of Food and Nutrition, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea, Professor.
Corresponding author: Jae Eun Shim. Department of Food and Nutrition, Daejeon University, 62 Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon, 34520, South Korea. Tel: (042) 280-2469, Fax: (042) 280-2468, jshim@dju.kr
Received 2019 May 18; Revised 2019 June 10; Accepted 2019 June 10.

Abstract

Objectives

This study evaluated dietary intakes of total fat and fatty acids among the Korean adult population.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used the 2016–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. A total of 10,772 subjects aged ≥19 y for which dietary data were available were selected. Data pertaining to energy and nutrient intakes were obtained by a 24-h recall method. Total fat and fatty acids intakes were evaluated based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) of 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans by sex and age groups. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and sampling weights.

Results

The mean intakes of energy and total fat were 1,952 kcal (95% CI: 1928–1977) and 46.1 g (45.2–47.1), respectively, and about 21% of the energy was obtained from fat in this study population (21.7% in men and 20.2% in women). The mean percentages of energy from saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 6.4%, 6.7%, and 5.2%, respectively. About 18% of adults exceeded the AMDR for fat (30% of energy), whereas 37.6% exceeded the AMDR for saturated fatty acids (7% of energy). The proportions of subjects who consumed more than the AMDR for fat and saturated fatty acids decreased across age groups in both sexes. Among young adults (19–29 y), about 63% of the subjects obtained ≥7% of their energy from saturated fatty acids. About 61% of older adults obtained less than 15% of their energy from total fat.

Conclusions

Increased intake of fat energy was prominent in saturated fatty acids. Our findings suggest current information on total fat and fatty acids intakes in Korean adults and can be used to provide dietary guidelines for the improvement of public health.

Keywords: dietary fats; saturated fatty acids; Korean adults; KNHANES

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT; Ministry of Science and ICT) (Grant No. 2016R1D1A1B03931820 and 2017R1C1B5017637).

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Funded by : National Research Foundation of Koreahttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100003725
Award ID : 2016R1D1A1B03931820
Award ID : 2017R1C1B5017637

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Distribution of study subjects according to percentage of energy from total fat by sex and age groupa,b

aAll analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.

bBased on the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for total fat is 15–30% in adults.

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Proportion of study subjects who consumed more than 7% of energy from saturated fatty acids by sex and age groupa,b

aAll analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.

bBased on the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for saturated fatty acids is less than 7% in adults.

Table 1

Study subjects by sex and age group

Table 1

Table 2

Intakes of total fat and fatty acids by sex and age groupa

Table 2

SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; FA, fatty acids.

aAll analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.

b95% confidence interval