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Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes by the Score of Dietary Action Guides for Korean Children among the Elementary School Students in Gwangju City


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Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes by the Score of Dietary Action Guides for Korean Children among the Elementary School Students in Gwangju City

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2011;16(4):411-425
Publication date (electronic) : 2011 August 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.411
Bok Hee Kim, Mi-young Sung1, Yoonna Lee2
Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
1Graduate School of Education, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
2Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Cheongwon-gun, Korea.
Corresponding author: Yoonna Lee, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea. Tel: (043) 713-8616, Fax: (043) 713-8907, ynlee@khidi.or.kr
Received 2011 August 04; Revised 2011 August 24; Accepted 2011 August 25.

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine differences in nutrient intakes by the compliance with the Dietary Action Guide for Korean Children. The subjects included 343 elementary school students in Gwangju city. Compliance with the Dietary Action Guide for Children showed that 62.4% of subjects had breakfast everyday; 44.3% of subjects ate vegetables/fruits/milk and dairy products daily; 26.8% of subjects ate a variety of lean meats/fish/eggs/bean products daily; 32.9% of subjects enjoyed outdoor activity everyday and ate according to their energy needs; 40.2% of subjects chose healthy and nutritious foods for snack; and 15.5% of subjects avoided food waste. Intakes of most of nutrients including energy were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in those who complied with the Dietary Action Guide well. Also nutrient intakes had the positive correlation with the scores of Dietary Action Guide (p < 0.05). From these results, nutrient intakes of children were significantly influenced by dietary factors suggested in the Dietary Action Guide for Children. In addition, the results also confirmed that good food behaviors were indispensible to maintaining a proper nutritional status. Based on these results, good food behaviors and practice were critical to secure good health and proper nutritional status for children, and that nutrition education should be strengthened in school as well as at home.

Keywords: nutrient intake; Dietary Action Guide; elementary school students; food behaviors

Notes

*This research was supported by grants from Chosun University, 2009.

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2011 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

Table 1

General charcteristics of subjects

Table 1

1) N (%)

2) Mean ± SD

Table 2

Food behaviors of subjects

Table 2

1) N (%)

2) ***: p < 0.001

Table 3

Performance of the Dietary Action Guides for children in subjects

Table 3

1) N (%)

2) *: p < 0.05

Table 4

Nutrient intakes of subjects

Table 4

1) Mean ± SD

2) %DRI (energy for EER, sodium for AI, and other nutrients for RI of KDRIs)

3) *: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.001

Table 5

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 1: starting a day with breakfast

Table 5

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

Table 6

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 2: eating vegetables/fruits/milk and dairy products daily

Table 6

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

Table 7

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 3: eating a variety of lean meats/fish/eggs/bean products daily

Table 7

1) Mean ± SD, 2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

Table 8

Nutrient intake levels by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 4: enjoying outdoor activities everyday and eat according to your energy needs

Table 8

1) Mean ± SD, 2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients), 3) *: p < 0.05

Table 9

Nutrient intake levels by by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 5: choosing healthy and nutritious foods for snack

Table 9

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01

Table 10

Nutrient intake levels by by the compliance with Dietary Action Guide 6: avoiding food wastes

Table 10

1) Mean ± SD, 2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01

Table 11

Correlation coefficients between nutrient intakes and Dietary Action Guides for children

Table 11

1) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

Table 12

Comparison of the Nutrient intakes by the total score of Dietary Action Guides for children

Table 12

1) Mean ± SD

2) % KDRIs (%EER for energy, %AI for sodium, and %RI for other nutrients)

3) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001