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Relation of Nutritional Intake and Allergic Rhinitis in Infants: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013~2016


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Relation of Nutritional Intake and Allergic Rhinitis in Infants: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013~2016

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2019;24(4):321-330
Publication date (electronic) : 2019 August 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.4.321
Eun-Sil Herorcid_icon, Bo-Young Seoorcid_icon
Department of Food and Nutrition, Changshin University, Chanagwon, Korea, Professor.
Corresponding author: Bo-Young Seo. Department of Food and Nutrition, Changshin University, 262 Paryong-ro, Masan Hoiwon-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 51352, Korea. Tel: (055) 250-1205, Fax: (055) 250-1200, byseo@cs.ac.kr
Received 2019 June 21; Revised 2019 August 01; Accepted 2019 August 01.

Abstract

Objectives

This study examined the relationship between the presence of allergic rhinitis and the nutritional intake levels of Korean infants.

Methods

The study involved a total of 1,214 infant subjects aged 1~5 months from the 2013~2016 KNHNES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). The Subjects were classified into two groups based on the presence of allergic rhinitis: Non-allergic rhinitis infants (NARI, n=1,088) and allergic rhinitis infants (ARI, n=126). The general characteristics and family history of allergies, nutrient intake status, nutrient supplement intake, and breast milk and baby food start period data of the two groups were compared. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and sampling weights.

Results

The mean age was 0.5 years old in the ARI group compared to the NARI group. In the residence, the rate of urban was higher in ARI. The family history revealed a significant difference between the two groups, particularly those of mothers rather than fathers. The nutrient intake levels were high in energy, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, riboflavin, niacin, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Breastfeeding was significantly higher in the ARI group than in the NARI group. The baby food start period was 0.3 months earlier in NARI group than in ARI group. The height, body weight, and birth weight were higher in ARI group than NARI group. The result of Odds ratio analysis showed that excess energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, riboflavin, and niacin intake increases the risk of allergic rhinitis.

Conclusions

These results can be used as data to develop nutrition guidelines for allergic rhinitis infants.

Keywords: infants; nutritional intake level; OR of allergic rhinitis

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from Changshin University in 2018(Changshin-2018-50).

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Funded by : Changshin Universityhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100002448
Award ID : 2018-50

Table 1

General characteristics and family history between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

Table 1

1) Mean ± SE

2) N (%)

*: p<0.05, ***: p<0.001

Table 2

Comparison of nutrient intake status between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis1)

Table 2

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± SE

*: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001

Table 3

Comparison of nutrient supplement intake between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

Table 3

1) N (%)

**: p<0.01

Table 4

Comparison of type of breast milk and baby food start period between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

Table 4

1) N (%)

2) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

3) Mean ± SE

*: p<0.05

Table 5

Comparison of height, weight, birth weight level between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis1)

Table 5

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± S.E.

3) Body mass index

*: p<0.05, ***: p<0.001

Table 6

Risk of allergic rhinitis by nutrition intake levels1)

Table 6

1) Adjusted for residence, age, height, weight, weight at birth, breastfeeding and nutritional supplement in total subjects.

2) The odds ratio at on increase of 100 kcal

3) The odds ratio at on increase of 5 g

4) The odds ratio at on increase of 50 mg

5) The odds ratio at on increase of 1.0 mg

6) The odds ratio at on increase of 0.1 mg

**: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001