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A Comparison of Salty Taste Assessment, Dietary Attitude and Dietary Behavior among Adult and Senior Women by Region and by Age in Korea


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A Comparison of Salty Taste Assessment, Dietary Attitude and Dietary Behavior among Adult and Senior Women by Region and by Age in Korea

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2015;20(2):109-119
Publication date (electronic) : 2015 April 30
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.2.109
Lin Jiang1, Yun-Young Jung1, Hyung-Sook Kim2, Gi-Seon Nam3, Jin-Sook Yun4, Jong-Wook Kim5, Yeon-Kyung Lee1
1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
2Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Gyeonggi, Korea.
3Division of Diet Research, Institute of Food and Culture, Pulmuone, Seoul, Korea.
4Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
5International Cooperation Office, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Chungchengbuk-do, Korea.
Corresponding author: Yeon-Kyung Lee. Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 702-701, Korea. Tel: (053) 950-6234, Fax: (053) 950-6229, yklee@knu.ac.kr
Received 2015 April 04; Revised 2015 April 24; Accepted 2015 April 24.

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the results of salty taste assessment, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors among adult and senior women by region and by age. The results generated from this was expected to provide fundamental data for implementing a nationwide salt reduction education program.

Methods

The salty taste assessment tool was applied to 4,064 subjects from 15 areas in Korea. Also, a survey of dietary attitude and dietary behavior related to salt intake was conducted for all subjects participated in this study.

Results

The salty taste assessment scores by region and by age were the lowest in capital (p < 0.01) and was highest among the 70+ year age group (p < 0.01). The dietary attitude scores and dietary behavior scores showed that Gyeongsang was the highest (p < 0.001) and the capital was the lowest. The dietary attitude scores were highest at 20&30's followed by 40's and 70's group (p < 0.001). Dietary behavior scores showed that 20's~30's and 40's groups were higher than the other age groups (p < 0.001). The score of 'I like kimchi' was 3.46 ± 0.88, which was the highest among 10 dietary behavior questions. The score of 'I eat a lot of kimchi' was 3.30 ± 0.90, which was the highest among 10 dietary behavior questions related to salt intake. The scores of salty taste assessment had significant positive correlations between the scores of dietary attitude (p < 0.001), dietary behavior (p < 0.001) and self-awareness (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Based on the results of salty taste assessment, we observed a tendency that older people and regions except the capital had higher preference for salty taste. Our results suggested the necessity for a nationwide salty reduction education program tailored for regions and for different age groups.

Keywords: salty taste; salty taste assessment; dietary attitude; dietary behavior

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant (1462MFDS136) from Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2011.

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Copyright © 2015 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Table 1

The distribution of the subjects by the region and by the age groups N (%)

Table 1

Table 2

Comparison of anthropometric measurements by region and by age

Table 2

1) Body Mass Index, weight (kg) / height (m2)

2) Mean±SD

**: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

abc: Values with the different letter are significantly different among the groups by Duncan's multiple range test.

Table 3

Comparison of the salty taste assessment by region and by age

Table 3

**: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

Table 4

Comparison of high-salt dietary attitude by region and by age

Table 4

1) Mean±SD

2) R denotes an reversely scored item.

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

abc: Values with the different letter are significantly different among 4 groups by Duncan's multiple range test at p < 0.001.

Table 5

Comparison of high-salt dietary behaviors by region and by age

Table 5

1) Mean±SD

2) R denotes an reversely scored item.

**: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by ANOVA

abc: Values with the different letter are significantly different among 4 groups by Duncan's multiple range test at p < 0.001.

Table 6

Correlation coefficients of high-salt dietary attitude, high-salt dietary behaviors and self-awareness by salty taste assessment

Table 6

**: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001