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A Study of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load and Food Sources according to Body Mass Index in Female College Students


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A Study of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load and Food Sources according to Body Mass Index in Female College Students

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2012;17(4):429-439
Publication date (electronic) : 2012 August 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.4.429
Jee-Young Yeon, Eun-Young Kim1
Nutrition Policy Division, Nutrition Policy Office, Korea Food and Durg Administration, Osong, Korea.
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
Corresponding author: Eun-Young Kim, Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-dong 2(i)-ga, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea. Tel: (02) 710-9465, Fax: (02) 701-2926, paperkey11@daum.net
Received 2012 June 09; Revised 2012 August 02; Accepted 2012 August 08.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate nutrients intakes, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) according to body mass index (BMI) in female college students (n = 320). The study subjects were divided into 3 groups based on their body mass index, an underweight group (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, n = 55), a normal group (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 23 kg/m2, n = 231), and an overweight group (23 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2, n = 34). The food and nutrition intake data obtained by administering a 3-day food record and were analyzed by using Can pro 3.0 software. Anthropometric measurements were collected from each subject. Body weights and BMI of the underweight group were 45.9 kg, 17.6 kg/m2, those of the normal group were 53.8 kg, 20.5 kg/m2, and those of overweight group were 62.6 kg, 23.8 kg/m2, respectively. The mean daily dietary GI of underweight, normal and overweight groups was 66.2, 65.8 and 66.5, respectively. These differences were statistically non-significant. The mean daily dietary GL of underweight, normal and overweight groups were 159.2, 149.4, and 148.9, respectively. The major food source of dietary GI and GL was rice in the three groups. Dietary GI and GL were not significantly correlated with obesity when adjusted for energy, carbohydrate and dietary fiber intake.

Keywords: glycemic index; glycemic load; female college students; obesity

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Copyright © 2012 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

Table 1

Anthropometric measurements of subjects

Table 1

1) Significance as determined by ANOVA test

2) Mean ± SD

3) Not Significant

4) Means with superscripts (a > b > c) within a row are significantly different from each at α = 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

5) Body Mass Index

Table 2

Mean daily energy and nutrient intakes of subjects

Table 2

1) Significance as determined by ANOVA test

2) Mean ± SD

3) Not Significant

4) Means with superscripts (a > b) within a row are significantly different from each at α = 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test

Table 3

Glycemic load and glycemic index in subjects

Table 3

1) Significance as determined by ANOVA test

2) Mean ± SD

3) Not Significant

Table 4

Major food sources contributed to glycemic index

Table 4

Table 5

Major food sources contributed to glycemic load

Table 5

Table 6

Correlations between glycemic index, glycemic load and obesity-related indicator

Table 6

1) Adjusted for energy, carbohydrate and dietary fiber intake

2) Spearman's correlation coefficient (r)

3) Body Mass Index