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Effects of a Health Education Program for Elementary School Children in Gyeonggi-do Rural Area


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Effects of a Health Education Program for Elementary School Children in Gyeonggi-do Rural Area

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2011;16(1):1-13
Publication date (electronic) : 2011 February 28
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.1.1
Jae Yeon Lim, Hye Bock Na
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
Corresponding author: Hye Bock Na, Department of Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, 126 Kongneung 2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-144, Korea. Tel: (02) 970-5645, Fax: (02) 976-4049, hbna@swu.ac.kr
Received 2011 January 10; Revised 2011 February 01; Accepted 2011 February 08.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to implement and evaluate the health education program for elementary school children. The program consisted of nutritional education and physical exercise. The subjects composed of 89 school children, first through sixth grade (n = 100), who had completed ten weeks of health education program from April through July 2010. Pre-post intervention design was used to evaluate the program effectiveness. After completing health education program, the number of overweight subjects decreased (boys 13 to 11 and girls 11 to 9) and the number of obese subjects decreased from 5 to 4 for boys and 4 to 2 for girls The number of sit-ups significantly increased in both 1-2 grade girls and 3-4 grade girls. Backward trunk extension of 1-2 grade girls also significantly increased (p < 0.05). The level of serum total cholesterol decreased from 171.8 mg/dL to 153.5 mg/dL (p < 0.001). Hypercholesterolemia (above 239 mg/dL), hyperLDLcholesterolemia (above 175 mg/dL) and low level hemoglobin subjects changed to normal levels. Total score of nutrition knowledge increased from 5.9 to 6.1 (p < 0.05), percentage of perception answers increased significantly in 5 out of 10 items and percentage of correct answers increased significantly in 6 out of 10 items (p < 0.05). Three food habits improved, including, "having breakfast", "having diverse foods" and "having vegetables per meal" (p < 0.05). Two self-efficacy items improved significantly, including, "having meals slowly", "having exercise instead of watching TV or computer" (p < 0.05). These results suggest that health education program for elementary school children including nutritional education and physical exercise may be effective to improve their anthropometric characteristics, physical fitness, hyperlipidemia, nutrition knowledge, food habits and self-efficacy.

Keywords: elementary children; health education program; program effectiveness; nutrition knowledge; food habits

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2011 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Changes of anthropometric characteristics after health education program.

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Changes of physical fitness after health education program.

*: Significant difference between pre and post-intervention at p < 0.05

SU: Sit-up, TEB: Trunk extention backward, TF: Trunk flexible

Table 1

Contents of health education program

Table 1

Table 2

Distribution of subjects

Table 2

1) N (%)

Table 3

Anthropometric characteristics of subjects before health education

Table 3

1) BMI(Body Mass Index) : weight(kg)/height (m)2

2) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by t-test between boys and girls

Table 4

Physical fitness of subjects before health education

Table 4

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05 by t-test between boys and girls

Table 5

Changes of obesity after health education program

Table 5

1) N (%)

Table 6

Changes of serum biochemical levels after health education program

Table 6

1) Mean ± SD

***: p < 0.001 by t-test

Table 7

Changes of abnormal serum biochemical levels after health education program

Table 7

1) N

Table 8

Changes of nutrition knowledge of subjects after health education program

Table 8

Knowledge (0 - 1): correct answer 1, don't know and wrong answer 0

1) %

2) *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 by Chi-square test

3) Mean ± SD

4) *: p < 0.05 by t-test

Table 9

Changes of food habits of subjects after health education program

Table 9

Score (1 - 4) : 6 - 7days per week 4, 3 - 5days per week 3, 1 - 2days per week, 0 day per week 0

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05 by t-test

Table 10

Changes of self-efficacy of subjects after health education program

Table 10

Score (1 - 4) : strong disagree 1, disagree 2, agree 3, strong agree 4

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05 by t-test