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A Study on Food Habits and Nutrient Intakes according to BMI in Food and Nutrition Major and Non-major Female Students in Kyungnam University


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A Study on Food Habits and Nutrient Intakes according to BMI in Food and Nutrition Major and Non-major Female Students in Kyungnam University

Article information

Korean J Community Nutr. 2014;19(4):297-316
Publication date (electronic) : 2014 August 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.4.297
Eun-Hee Seo
Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea.
Corresponding author: Eunhee Seo. Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Changwon 631-701, Korea. Tel: (055) 249-2233, Fax: (0505) 986-2184, muhyangse@kyungnam.ac.kr
Received 2014 July 18; Revised 2014 August 25; Accepted 2014 August 27.

Abstract

Objectives

This study was performed to investigate the body image, food habits, nutrition knowledge, food intake frequency, nutrient intakes of female university students in Masan.

Methods

Two groups (n = 302, nutrition major: 147, non-major: 155) were classified into underweight, normal weight and overweight/obesity groups according to BMI respectively.

Results

Height and weight of all subjects were 161.5 cm, 53.2 kg and were 161.5 cm, 55.1 kg, 161.5 cm, 51.3 kg in major and non-major female students, respectively. The BMI and body weight were significantly different (p < 0.001). Significantly higher proportions of underweight students in both study groups had perceived as 'normal' or 'fat' (p < 0.001). Higher proportion of the subjects skipped breakfast and main reason was no time to eat. Nutrition knowledge score was significantly higher in major than in non-major subjects (p < 0.001). Fish intake frequency score was significantly higher in non-majors, while the vegetable intake frequency score was significantly higher in majors. Nutrient intakes were significantly higher the majors compared to non-majors, particularly the intake of calcium (p < 0.05), zinc (p < 0.001), vitamin C (p < 0.001) and vitamin E (p < 0.01). Subjects in both groups did not have adequate nutrient intakes compared to KDRIs. BMI showed a positive correlation with body image, body weight and nutrition knowledge score (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

These results suggest that systematic nutrition education program which can be applied in real life is important for the formation of correct choices of food and good eating habits.

Keywords: BMI; body image; food habits; nutrition knowledge; nutrient intakes

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Copyright © 2014 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Nutrient intake ratio of dietary reference intakes in subjects

Table 1

Anthropometric assessment of the major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 1

1) Underweight: body mass index is less than 18.5

2) Normalweight: 18.5 ≤ body mass index < 23

3) Overweight/Obesity: body mass index ≥ 23

4) Mean ± SD

5) BMI: body mass index

***: p < 0.001 by t-test or ANOVA

a < b < c: Scheffe's multiple comparison

Table 2

Subjective weight status and food habits of the major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 2

1) N (%)

*: p < 0.05, ***: p < 0.001 by χ2-test

Table 3

The nutrition knowledge score of the major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 3

1) Each item was from 0 point (incorrect answer) to 1 point(correct answer)

2) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by t-test or ANOVA

Table 3-1

The differences in nutrition knowledge between major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 3-1

1) Each item was from 0 point (incorrect answer) to 1 point (correct answer)

2) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by t-test

Table 4

Food frequency of the major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 4

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05 by t-test or ANOVA

Table 4-1

THe differences in food frequency between major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 4-1

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05 by t-test

Table 5

Nutrient intakes of the major and non-major female subjects by the BMI

Table 5

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 by t-test or ANOVA

Table 5-1

The differences in nutrient intakes between major and non-major female subjects by BMI

Table 5-1

1) Mean ± SD

*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 by t-test

Table 6

The correlation coefficients between the variables

Table 6

*: p < 0.05 **: p < 0.01 by Pearson Correlation Analysis