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Fig. 1

Mean numbers¹⁾ of metabolic syndrome risk factors according to according to 24-hour sodium excretion levels

1) Adjusted for age(years), sex, smoking(no smoking, previous smoking. current smoking), drinking(no drinking, 1~4 times/month, >=5 times/month), physical activity(rarely, 1~2 times/week, >=3 times/week), energy intake (kcal/day)

Different alphabet letters represent significant difference (p < 0.05) by Tukey-Kramer's multiple comparison test

Table 1

Comparison of obesity and obesity-related metabolic indices between obese and non-obese groups

1) BMI: body mass index

2) Mean±SE

3) ALT: alanine transferase

4) AST: aspartate transferase

5) GGT: glutamyl transferase

6) CT: computed tomography

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2

Comparison of obesity and obesity-related metabolic indices according to 24-hour urine sodium excretion levels

1) BMI: body mass index

2) Mean ±SE

3) Adjusted for age (years), sex, smoking (no smoking, previous smoking. current smoking), drinking (no drinking, 1~4 times/month, >=5 times/month), physical activity (rarely, 1~2 times/week, >=3 times/week), energy intake (kcal/day)

4) CT: computed tomography

5) ALT: alanine transferase

6) AST: aspartate transferase

7) GGT: glutamyl transferase

8) HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

ab: Different alphabet letters within a row represent significant difference (p < 0.05) by Tukey-Kramer's multiple comparison test.

Table 3

Spearman correlation coefficient between obesity-related indices and 24-hour urine sodium excretion levels

1) BMI: body mass index

2) Adjusted for age (years) and energy intake (kcal/day)

3) CT: computed tomography

4) HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by partial Spearman correlation analysis

Table 4

Odds radios of metabolic syndrome risk factors and metabolic syndrome according to 24-hour sodium excretion levels

1) Adjusted for age(years), sex, smoking (no smoking, previous smoking. current smoking), drinking(no drinking, 1~4 times/month, >=5 times/month), physical activity(rarely, 1~2 times/week, >=3 times/week), energy intake (kcal/day)

2) MS : Metabolic syndrome

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Figure & Data

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