Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Original Articles

[English]
Effects of Nutrition Education for Chinese College Students in Korea: Focused on Personalized Daily Energy Requirement and Food Exchange Units: Jia Li Guo, Soon Kyung Kim, Jeong Weon Kim, Mi Hyun Kim, Se Na Kim, Sook Bae Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(6):565-576. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.6.565

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea. The subjects were 64 Chinese college students in Korea (educated group, 32 students vs. non-educated group, 32 students). Educated group was lessoned as group and/or individual. Nutrition education program consisted of four lessons (40min / lesson), '6 major nutrients & function (group lesson)', '6 food group and sources (group lesson)', 'personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units using Food Exchange System (individual lesson)', and 'smart choice of snacks and eating-out foods (group lesson)'. We examined the differences between educated group and non-educated group in nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and nutrients intake. After education, there were positive improvements on nutrition knowledge: 'function and foods of 6 nutrients', on dietary attitudes: 'type of breakfast' in educated group. In the evaluation of nutrient intakes according to Dietary Reference Intakes for Korean (KDRI), there were positive improvements on intake levels of riboflavin, fiber, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, Ca and K in the educated group. In the index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased in the educated group. In conclusion, it is possible to improve nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea through the nutrition education focused on personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Nutrition Education at a Community Health Center on Overweight and Obese Middle-aged Women in Jeonbuk Area-Focused on Personalized Daily Energy Requirement and Food Exchange Units
Se-Yeon Kim, Sook-Bae Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(4): 307. CrossRef
Comparisons of Health Related Lifestyle and Dietary Behaviors according to Gender, Ethnicity and Residence Type of University Students in Yanbian, China
Kyung Hee Hong, Unju Hwa Oh
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(4): 486. CrossRef
A Study on Weight Control Behaviour, Eating Habits and Health-related Life Habits According to Obesity Degree of University Students in Jeonbuk
Hye-Soon Chang
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2016; 25(1): 73. CrossRef
Acculturation and changes in dietary behavior and anthropometric measures among Chinese international students in South Korea
Jounghee Lee, Ran-Ran Gao, Jung-Hee Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2015; 9(3): 304. CrossRef
Survey on Health-related Factors, Nutrition Knowledge and Food Habits of College Students in Wonju Area
Seung Lim Lee, Sun Hee Lee
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(2): 96. CrossRef
A study on hypertension relevant nutritional knowledge and dietary practices in Chinese college students studying in South Korea
Zhe Sun, Wookyoun Cho
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(5): 441. CrossRef

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[English]
Climacteric and Menopausal Women's Beliefs on Daily Meals and Food Supplements - A Focus Group Interview Study -: Jeong Soon Pyun, Mi Jeong Kim, Kyung Hea Lee; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(2):239-252. Published online April 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.2.239

Abstract PDF PubReader

The aim of the study was to explore the current status as well as personal views, attitudes, and beliefs regarding daily meal consumption (DM) and food supplement use (FS) in conjunction with the improvement of health condition of the women. Eight focus group interviews were performed and the interview material was condensed systematically with the aim to extract core meanings related to DM, FS, and menopause-associated health. Participants were 40 in number and showed ages ranging from 45 and 60 years with various menopausal status. Current status and beliefs about DM, resources of purchase motivation of FS, types of FS that are currently used, and perceived effects and personal beliefs about FS are discussed. Theme content analysis revealed 3 themes for beliefs about DM, 5 themes for beliefs pertaining FS, and 4 themes for the association between DM and FS. Non-dietary factors such as positive mental attitude and exercise appeared to be also important to maintain good health. The bottom line message from this study may be that proper nutrition through daily meals is essential for good health, while food supplement are used merely to supplement the diet. Findings from this study may deepen our understanding of how women who translate their lifespan through "menopause" perceive the roles and meaning of DM and FS, suggesting health professionals need to monitor and evaluate DM and implement strategies targeting the improvement of daily meal quality of middle and older aged women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Evaluation of Anthropometric Characteristics, Bone Density, Food Intake Frequency, Nutrient Intakes, and Diet Quality of Preand Postmenopausal Women : Based on 2008∼2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Soon Nam Choi, Kwang Hyun Jho, Nam Yong Chung
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(5): 500. CrossRef
Acculturation, Food Intake and Dietary Behaviors of Chinese College Students in Busan by Residential Period
Fangfang Song, Mi Jeong Kim
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(4): 594. CrossRef
Foodservice Satisfaction of Patients over 60 according to the Type of Foodservice Operation: The Case of B Hospital
Shin Hey Lee, Jung Hwa Choi
The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2015; 26(4): 683. CrossRef
Dietary Habits and Climacteric Symptoms according to the Level of Food Supplement Use of Middle-aged Women
Mi Jeong Kim, Kyung-Hea Lee
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2013; 42(7): 1054. CrossRef
Development of Food Safety and Nutrition Education Contents for the Elderly - by Focus Group Interview and Delphi Technique -
Jung-Hwa Choi, Eun-Sil Lee, Yoon-Jin Lee, Hye-Sang Lee, Hye-Ja Chang, Kyung-Eun Lee, Na-Young Yi, Yun Ahn, Tong-Kyung Kwak
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(2): 167. CrossRef
The Related Factors Influencing on Self-rated Health Level of Middle-aged Women
Hyejin Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee, Eunkyung Kim, Mi-Jung Kim, Suk-Man Hwang
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(3): 290. CrossRef

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[English]
The Daily Intakes of Nutrients and Snacks of High School Smokers and Non-Smokers: Young Mi Song, Jang Il Han, Seong Ai Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(4):476-488. Published online August 31, 2008

Abstract PDF: This study investigates the relationship of smoking on daily intake of nutrients and snacks in the Chungnam and Daejeon high school students. Up to date scientific nutrition education and counseling programs in the regular school system is needed for a professional nutrition education teacher. The primary objective of this study was to provide useful information to nutrition education teachers. A survey was conducted with 400 high school students in the Chungnam and Daejeon areas. 381 out of 400 questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS 12.0K. The subjects were composed of 49.8% male, 50.1% female and 40.9% regular high school students, 59.1% business high school students and smokers 43.1%, non-smokers 56.9%. 43.4% of smokers had been smoking since middle school. On analysis of daily nutrient intakes, 16 out of 19 nutrients except animal calcium, Vitamin A and Vitamin C were much more consumed by the smoking group than the non-smoking group non-significantly. Especially vegetable fat and Vitamin E were higher in the smoking group than the non-smoking group(p < 0.05). The intake ratio of carbohydrates: protein: fat was similar in the two groups (smoking group 55 : 15 : 29, nonsmoking group 56 : 15 : 28). Intakes of Vitamin B1 and potassium in comparison with the Korean dietary reference intakes (KDRI) were under 50% in both groups. However, sodium was taken over 200% compared to KDRI in both groups. Intakes of Vitamin C in the smoking group were as low as 76.5% in comparison to KDRI. Smokers need to increase the intakes of Vitamin C considering that smokers need to intake Vitamin C two times than non-smokers. Nutrient intakes from snacks in the smoking group were higher than the non-smoking group. Nutrients that originated from snacks which took over 20% among daily nutrient intakes were 12 nutrients (energy, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, P, Fe, K, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, dietary fiber) in the smoking group compared to 7 nutrients (energy, vegetable protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, Vitamin B2, Vitamin C) in the non-smoking group. The smoking group was significantly paying more money for snacks each month than the non-smoking group was (p < 0.01). Periods of consumption were irregular in the smoking group(p < 0.05) and the smoking group was used to taking snacks in the morning compared to the non-smoking group. The smoking group preferred sweets and high calorie food over other snacks in comparison of the non-smoking group. The nonsmoking group had better eating habits than the smoking group

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[English]
Using and Understanding of Nutrition Labels and Related Factors among Female Adults in the Seoul Area: Jayong Chung, Mi Jin Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2007;12(4):417-425. Published online August 31, 2007

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of nutrition label use and its association with demographic, weight control related factors, and diet among female adults in the Seoul area. Also, the study subjects' comprehension of nutrition labels was examined using objective measures. 279 females, between ages of 20 and 49, participated in this study. 66% of the participants reported to always or often use nutrition labels when purchasing foods. Nutrition label use was significantly higher among participants who were interested in losing weight and have more knowledge on nutrition, but significantly lower among subjects who were underweight (p < 0.05). Label users had higher fruit consumption and lower intake of fatty foods and snacks (p < 0.01). Only 20% of participants answered correctly regarding questions about the total amount of calories and fats contained in the entire food package tested, and only 15% answered correctly on questions about understanding of the % daily value. Comprehension of nutrition labels were significantly lower among participants who were less educated, underweight, and married (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study suggests that proper use of nutrition labels may improve food choices and enable healthy dietary practices. Further efforts are needed to provide public a nutrition education program on how to read nutrition labels. Modifications of nutrition labels to make it easier to understand by the public should also be considered.

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[English]
The Comparison in Daily Intake of Nutrients and Dietary Habits of College Students in Busan: Myung Soo Ko; Korean J Community Nutr 2007;12(3):259-271. Published online June 30, 2007

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits and daily intake of nutrients in college students. This survey was conducted using a self-administered questionaire. The average heights and weights were 173.5 cm and 72.3 kg of male students and 161.8 cm and 57.2 kg of female students. The average of BMI was 24.2 kg/m2 of male and 21.9 kg/m2 of female, and the value of male students was higher than the value of female students. The response to the daily meals was 54.6% for '2~3 times/week'. The regularity of mealtime was 41.7% for irregular and the frequency eating after nine was 45.7% for '5-6 times/week', respectively. The repast was 72.2% for 'overeating and little eating' and was a significant difference of male and female students (p < 0.05). The eating rate was higher '10 ~20 min'. As for breakfast food eaten, skipping breakfast was 23.6% for 'no/week' and female students were higher than male students (p < 0.05). The frequency of snacks was 36.0% for 'nothing' of males students and 34.8% for '3- 4 times/week' of female students (p < 0.05). The type of snack was a significant difference of males and females students (p < 0.01), and was the highest 75.0% for carbonated drinks of males and 37.5% for snacks of females. The eating due to stress solution was a significant difference of male and female students (p < 0.01), and was the highest 23.0% for 'frequency' of males and 44.7% for 'sometime' of females. As for food intake of male and female students, the meat intake was 66.7% for 'everything of male and female students. The fish intake was 68.1% for '1- 2times/week'. The milk, milk products, eggs and beans were each 40.3%, 58.3%, 56.9%, 47.2% for '1-2 times/week' (p < 0.05). The fat intake was 55.6% for '1~2 times/week'. The average consumption of energy was 58% of male and 67% of female of estimated energy requirement (EER). Their mean ratio of carbohydrate : protein : fat was 57 : 15 : 28 of all subjects. The mean intakes of vitamin C and folic acid were 70% and 51% of males and 62% and 52% of females of recommended intake (RI). The mean intakes of Ca, P, Fe and Na were 71%, 140%, 146% of males and 72%, 122%, 76% of female of RI and 273% of males and 233% of females of adequate intake (AI). Therefore, nutritional education is necessary for college students to establish physicall and mentall optimal health conditions through nutritional intervention.

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[English]
The Health and Nutritional Status of Low-Income, Alone-Living Elderly: Ki Wan Lee, Young Mee Lee, Jung Hyun Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2000;5(1):3-12. Published online March 31, 2000

Abstract PDF: The nutritional and health status of low-income alone-living elderly(ALE) was assessed in relation to the activity of daily living (ADL) and nutritional risk factors. One hundred and eighty five ALE over 65 years old, living in the Sungnam area, were interviewed in their homes through questionnaires. The results were as follows : 63.6% of the subjects considered themselves in poor the health and only 4.3% of them considered thermselves healthy. 89.7% of the subjects answered that they were suffering from illness and 29.7% were taking medication. The ADL was assessed through 10 checklist items and the average score of the ADL was 84.78+/-11.11(maximum :100) The nutritional risk index(NRI) was evaluated by 12 risk factors and the average score of the NRI was 4.43+/-1.38 (maximum: 12) The scores of the ADL were positively correlated with the scored of the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)(r=0.7523, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with NRI(r=-0.2694, p<0.001) When subjects were divided into nutritionally high risk group(HNARI: NRI> or =5) and nutritionally low risk group(LNRI :NRI<5) according to the USA screening basis, 48.9% of the subjects belonged to the HNRI, But 16.9% of the HNRI and 34.4% of the LNRI belonged to the fourth quartile(Q/sub 0.75) of the ADL, the distribution of which showed significant differences(p<0.05) We suggest that the application of the ADL as a screening tool for nutrition intervention programs for the elderly. Oncemore, further research is needed to develop appropriate checklist items for the ADL and NRI along with the screening basis for the NRI to diagnose the adverse nutritional status of the Korean elderly.

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[English]
The Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Intake Status in the Elderly of Rural Community: Jin Hee Kwoun, Sung Kook Lee, Hee kyung Lee, Gju Jong Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 1998;3(4):583-593. Published online October 31, 1998

Abstract PDF: This study aims to examine the relationship between chewing ability and nutritional intake status in the rural elderly. The subjects were 150 rural-dwelling elderly persons(68 males and 82 females) aged 65 years and over in Sungju-Gun, Kyunfsangpookdo. The respondents were interviewed using the questionnaires and measurments taken from a 24-hour recall method from February to April in 1998. Fifty-nine subjects(39.3%) were classified with normal chewing ability and sixty-four subjects(42.7%) could carry out all of the 10 ADL items by themselves. In addition, the group who were able to chew had more teeth and significantly higher ADL scores than the other group(p<0.01), whereas DMF value was significantly lower(p<0.001). The subjects with normal chewing ability also had higher of intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, salt, potassium, niacin, thiamin and riboflavin than in the unable group(p<0.05). As far as daily food intakes were concerned, considerable differences were revealed in the levels of grain and products and vegetables consumed depending on chewing ability(p<0.001). The results of the stepwise and vegetables consumed depending on chewing ability daily living activities and health self-assessment(p<0.05) were the most significant factors for energy intake status.

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