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Selenium, Manganese, Copper and Zinc Contents in Serum of Patients with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
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Hyun Sook Bae, Geum Ju Lee, Hong Seok Ahn
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Korean J Community Nutr 2005;10(5):700-707. Published online October 31, 2005
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- The purpose of this study was to investigate the implications of dietary intake and the level of serum micronutrients (Se, Mn, Cu, Zn), lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacity in Korean women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). From October 2002 to March 2003, 50 patients diagnosed with CIN (confirmed with colposcopy directed biopsy) and 50 patients without any cervical disease as the control group were enrolled in the study at the Department of Gynecology Cancer Center at Samsung Cheil Hospital. Animal fat intake in CIN group was significantly higher than that of the control group, but plant protein intake in the CIN group was significantly lower than that of the Control group. Energy and zink intakes were similar in the two groups. The serum concentration of antioxidant minerals in the CIN group were not signifi-cantly different from the control group. The total radical trapping antioxidant potential concentration of plasma was sig-nificantly lower in the CIN group (1.12 mM) than in the control group (1.25 mM)(p < 0.05). But MDA (malondialde-hyde) of serum was significantly higher in the CIN group (7.60 mM) than in the control group (4.99 mM)(p < 0.005). The serum selenium concentration of the control group showed significant positive correlation with the MDA level (r = 0.311). These findings are suggestive of protective roles for healthy dietary habit including increasing antioxidant nut-rients and decreasing intake of fat.
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A Change of Serum Folate and Vitamin B12 Concentrations of Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood during Pregnancy
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Geum Ju Lee, Hey Mi Jang, Hong Seok Ahn
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Korean J Community Nutr 2005;10(5):615-622. Published online October 31, 2005
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- Folate and Vitamin B12 are essential nutrients important during pregnancy. This study was conducted to evaluate the folate and vitamin B12 nutritional status of Korean pregnant women and to investigate the relationship between maternal-umbilical cord serum folate and vitamin B12 levels and pregnancy outcomes. Dietary intakes of the pregnant women were estimated by 24 hour-recall (3 times). Serum folate and vitamin B12 levels in maternal blood and umbilical cord of 27 pregnant women at 1'st-, 2'nd-, 3'rd- trimester and delivery were measured by RIA (radioimmuno assay), respectively. Means of folate and vitamin B12 intake were 283.53 +/- 58.01 microgram/day and 2.99 +/- 1.32 mg/day, respectively. Maternal mean serum folate levels of the trimester and delivery were 9.75 +/- 3.60 ng/ml, 10.46 +/- 4.63 ng/ml, 10.71 +/- 4.14 ng/ml and 15.05 +/- 7.04 ng/ml. Those maternal levels were significantly lower than that of umbilical cord blood (23.99 +/- 9.42 ng/ml). Serum vitamin B12 levels of maternal trimester and delivery were 479.07 +/- 137.56 pg/ml, 310.96 +/- 137.56 pg/ml, 308.22 +/- 74.65 pg/ml, and 295.67 +/- 93.36 pg/ml, which were significantly lower than those of umbilical cord blood (500.13 +/- 185.60 ng/ml). This finding indicates that the uptake of folate and vitamin B12 in the fetus may be due to an active placental transport mechanism. Maternal serum level correlated positively with those of umbilical cord blood, showing that folate and vitamin B12 concentration of umbilical cord blood might be affected by maternal status. There was no significant correlation between the serum folate levels in maternal-umbilical cord blood and the pregnancy outcomes. However, maternal vitamin B12 level at 1'st trimester was significant positive correlation between the gestational age except for birth weight and weight gain.
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Retinol, beta-Carotene, and alpha-Tocopherol Concentrations in Maternal-Umbilical Cord Plasma and Their Relationships to Pregnancy Outcome
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Geum Ju Lee, Min Sook Lee, Hong Seok Ahn
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Korean J Community Nutr 2004;9(2):151-160. Published online April 30, 2004
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- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intake of antioxidant vitamins and plasma concentrations of those in 60 maternal-infant pairs (30 in normal term delivery group, NT; 30 in preterm delivery group, PT). We also investigated the relationship between vitamin levels of maternal-umbilical cord plasma and pregnancy outcome. Mean energy intakes of NT and PT pregnant women were 93.2% and 85.4%, and their protein intakes were 113.3% and 110.9 % of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA), respectively. While vitamin A intakes were only 51.2% and 39.6% of the RDA in NT and PT pregnant women. The vitamin E intake was about 50% of the RDA (NT 6.27 mg, PT 7.78 mg). The levels of retinol in maternal plasma of NT and PT were 1.51 micronmol/l and 1.43 micronmol/l, respectively. The retinol levels in umbilical cord plasma in NT and PT were 0.72 micronmol/l and 0.61 micronmol/l, respectively. The level of beta-carotene in maternal plasma of NT was 0.49 micronmol/l, significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that of PT (0.31 micronmol/l). The beta-carotene of umbilical cord plasma of NT and PT were 0.02 micronmol/l and 0.01 micronmol/l, respectively. The plasma alpha- tocopherol of maternal of NT and PT were 29.51 micronmol/l and 27.17 micronmol/l, respectively. The alpha-tocopherol of umbilical cord plasma of NT and PT were 4.16 micronmol/l and 3.80 micronmol/l, respectively. The antioxidant vitamin levels retinol, beta-carotene, and alpha-tocopherol) in maternal plasma were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than those in umbilical cord plasma. However, there was no correlation between the vitamin levels in maternal plasma and those in umbilical cord plasma. The maternal plasma beta-carotene level showed a positive correlation to gestational age. Also Apgar score at 1 min produced a positive correlation to maternal plasma beta-carotene level.
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Iron Status Indices of Maternal, Umbilical Cord, Placenta and Birth Weight
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Hyun Sook Bai, Geum Ju Lee, Min Sook Lee, Ju Ye Lee, Yong Mi Shin, Hong Seok Ahn
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Korean J Community Nutr 2002;7(5):686-695. Published online October 31, 2002
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- The purpose of this study is to assess the maternal iron status during pregnancy and to evaluate the relationships between the iron indices of maternal, umbilical cord serum, placenta and pregnancy outcomes. Venous bloods samples were drawn from 54 pregnant women just before delivery and cord bloods of their newborn babies were collected immediately after birth. And also, placental tissues were extracted. We investigated the difference of the iron status indices of maternal, umbilical cord serum and placental tissue between two gestational age group (PT group, NT group : preterm delivery and normal term delivery at 34.9wk and 39.0wk of mean gestational length, respectively) and also assessed correlations of iron status indices of maternal, umbilical cord serum and placenta tissue. And lastly, we related between birth weight and iron status indices of maternal, umbilical cord serum and placental tissue. The concentrations of maternal serum ferritin and of placental iron were significantly higher in PT group (32.1 +/- 21.1 ng/ml, 68.5 +/- 16.7microgram / g), than those of NT group (20.8 +/- 11.6 ng / ml, 53.2 +/- 17.4 microgram / g) respectively (p < 0.001). However the serum ferritin of umbilical cord were significantly higher in NT group (PT : 109.4 +/- 65.7 ng/ml, NT : 147.0 +/- 56.8 ng / ml) than those of PT group (p < 0.05). Our results showed that a negative association between birth weight (r=-0.361) and maternal serum ferritin and that a positive association between birth weight and umbilical cord serum ferritin (r=0.261). Despite not a significant difference, there was tendency that highest concentration of maternal serum ferritin was associated with the lowest birth weight. These findings indicate that birth weight of newborn is dependent of multiple factors such as maternal iron status during pre-pregnancy, body size, general nutritional status. Although for women who enter pregnancy with low iron stores, enough intakes of iron during pregnancy could produce undesirable pregnancy outcome. Therefore we suggest for successful pregnancy outcome and delivery differential iron supplementation program will be carried out individual pregnant women on the basis of pre-pregnancy nutritional status.
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