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- [English]
- The Effects of Smoking on Antioxidative Enzyme Activities in Male Adolescents
- Jae Yeon Lim, Jung Hee Kim
- Korean J Community Nutr 2002;7(6):844-851. Published online December 31, 2002
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Abstract
PDF - Smoking can increase oxidative stress and thereby change the antioxidant defense system in the body. To investigate the relationship between male adolescent smoking and antioxidant status, we surveyed the eating habits and dietary intake of 82 smokers and 44 nonsmokers recruited from a male technical high school. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxide values were determined in both the plasma and the erythrocytes. Although the frequency of food intake was not significantly different, most nutrient intake was unexpectedly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. In comparison with the Korean RDA, especially the average intake of Ca, Fe and vitamin B2 didn't reach 75% of the Korean RDA in either smokers or nonsmokers. An analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity showed that plasma catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), erythrocyte catalase and GSH-px activities showed no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers. However, the erythrocyte SOD activity of smokers (1.57 unit/mgHb) was significantly lower than that of nonsmokers (2.00 unit/mgHb). In addition, the plasma ceruloplasmin concentration of smokers (28.68 mg/dl) was significantly higher than that of nonsmokers (26.30 mg/dl), whereas the specific ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity of smokers (0.31 unit/mg) was lower than that of nonsmokers (0.35 unit/mg). The plasma and erythrocyte thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) of smokers (2.57 micromol/L, 0.32 micromol/gHb) were also significantly higher than those of nonsmokers (2.25 micromol/L, 0.27 micromol/gHb). The overall data indicate that adolescent smoking might decrease the antioxidant capacity of the body, in part, by lowering the erythrocyte SOD activity and the specific ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity.
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- [English]
- Smoking Status and Dietary Habits of Middle School Students
- Eun Hee Jung
- Korean J Community Nutr 2002;7(1):14-22. Published online February 28, 2002
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Abstract
PDF
- Adolescent smoking has been a great concern with respect to it's causing more serious health problems than adult smoking. The smoking status and habits of middle school students were studied using anonymous questionnaires, and their dietary habits were compared. Ninety-two of 4l4 students (22.2%) had experienced smoking, and 62.0% of them began in primary school, mostly out of curiosity. The most plausible reasons for smoking were 'boredom' and/or 'stress reduction'. Dietary habits were generally inadequate in the smoking group. Compared with the non-smoking group, the smoking group paid less attention to a balanced diet, more skipped breakfasts, more had irregular meal times and fewer snacked. There was no significant difference between the smoking and non-smoking groups in food intake frequency, except of sweet foods and caffeinated foods, which were more frequent consumed by the smoking group. These results suggest that more attention needs to be paid to nutrition and health education programs in elementary schools and also that proper support programs for smoking by themselves.
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