Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Original Articles

[English]
The Development of a Nutrition Education Program for Low-income Family Children by applying the Social Cognitive Theory and Health Belief Model: Saes Byoul Lee, Yu Ri Jeong, Hyo Jin Ahn, Min Ji Ahn, Su A Ryu, Nam E Kang, Se Young Oh; Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(3):165-177. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.3.165

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader

OBJECTIVES
Based on individual and environmental characteristics of low-income children, we developed a nutrition education program for school-aged children from low-income families according to effective use in social welfare centers.
METHODS
We conducted in-depth group interviews to assess program needs in 28 participants, 10 low-income school-aged children and 9 of their care givers, 9 social workers and 9 care-givers. Theoretical backgrounds of our program were heath belief model and social cognitive theory considering motivation, action and environment characteristics.
RESULTS
Based on the findings of this qualitative study, we developed major program themes and contents. Five selected key themes were 'balanced diet', 'processed food', 'food hygiene and safety', 'Korean healthy traditional diet', and 'family cooking' to induce changes in dietary behaviors. Main findings of in-depth group interviews included 'child's active participation', 'simple and easy to understand messages', and 'environmental constraints' such as a lack of child care at home, limited budget of social welfare centers, and less qualified educators for nutrition and health. Each lesson was constructed as a 1-hour program particularly emphasizing activity-based programs, including cooking and teamwork exercises. Program contents in each session consisted of activities that could induce outcome and value expectations, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and barriers and cues to actions regarding diet behavior.
CONCLUSIONS
We developed a nutrition education programthat is rarely available for low-income children in Korea, considering theoretical bases. Further studies are needed to validate our program.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Multidisciplinary Health Promotion Program Among Children in Community Childcare Center
Yerin Kim, Gyeong Seob Shin, Jungwon Park, Minji Kang, Kumhee Son, Yoon Myung Kim, Kyung Hee Park, Hyunjung Lim
Clinical Nutrition Research.2024; 13(1): 8. CrossRef
Developing educational programs to increase awareness of food additives among elementary school students
Soo Rin Ahn, Jae Wook Shin, Jung-Sug Lee, Hyo-Jeong Hwang
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2024; 57(4): 451. CrossRef
A Qualitative Study of the Awareness and Influencing Factors of the Dietary Habits of the Male and Female Workers' at a Manufacturing Facility in Gwangju
Ji Suk Yim, Young-Ran Heo
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(1): 12. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Need for Obesity Prevention Education Programs through Analysis of Factors Affecting Student Obesity Factors in Seoul during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Seoung Hi Kim, Seonyeong Baek, Min Jeong Choi, Sunny Ham
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2022; 32(3): 214. CrossRef
Evaluation of a Nutrition Education Program Designed to Reduce Sugar Intake in Preschool Children
Ma-Young Yeom, Youn-Ok Cho
Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2016; 22(3): 179. CrossRef
Status of Dietary Life Related Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, Food Preference and Dietary Behavior of Preschoolers in Kyunggi Area
A Reum Lee, Ye Lee Yu, Hye Jin Kim, Kyung A Kim, Kyung Won Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(3): 274. CrossRef
Perception on Optimal Diet, Diet Problems and Factors Related to Optimal Diet Among Young Adult Women Using Focus Group Interviews: Based on Social Cognitive Theory
Hye Jin Kim, A Reum Lee, Kyung Won Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(4): 332. CrossRef

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[English]
Physical Development and Dietary Behaviors of Children in Low-Income Families of Seoul Area: Kyung Hui Nam, Young Mee Kim, Go Eun Lee, Yu Na Lee, Hyojee Joung; Korean J Community Nutr 2006;11(2):172-179. Published online April 30, 2006

Abstract PDF: Since the economic crisis in 1997, the number of low income families has increased and the turmoil is likely to affect nutritional and health status of the children in low-income families. The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary behaviors and physical development of low income family children in the Seoul area. The subjects were 44 boys and 56 girls, between the ages of 7 and 12 years, from the beneficiary families of the governmental assistant program and enrolled in after school-care centers. A self-reported questionnaire, including general characteristics and dietary behaviors, was applied to the children and their parents. Skipping meal rate was higher in breakfast than in lunch or dinner, and was less frequent in parents and children families compared to that of the other types of families (p<0.05). Most students are shown that they usually keep the dietary guideline for Korean children. There were significant differences in keeping the dietary guidelines between the parents and children family group and other groups in several items. The results imply that the nutrition education program should be more focused on the families which are not composed of parents and children.

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[English]
Ecological Studies of Maternal-Infant Nutrition and Feeding in Urban Low Income Areas: III. Infant's Nutrient Intakes and Growth pattern: Hong Seok Ahn, Ji Yoon Jeong; Korean J Community Nutr 1998;3(2):174-189. Published online May 31, 1998

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and growth of Korean infants, who were atending peripheral community clinics in low income areas, by anthropometric measurements and estimating dietary intakes. Dietary intakes and growth were compared among different feeding patterns of 143 infants until age 9 months. The overall mean nutrient intakes of infants in this study were below the recommended allowances except the calcium intake from significant difference in each groups; however, calcium, zinc and iron intake of the formula fed infant(FF) was higher than the breast fed infant(BF) or the mixed fed infant(MF). Form ages 4-6 months, the nutrient intakes were shown to be higher in groups that were given supplementary foods than groups that were not. From ages 7-9 months, all nutrient intakes were higher in or the formula and supplementary foods fed(ESF) infants than in the breast and supplementary food(BSF) or the formula and supplementary food(FSF) groups, All subjets in this study showed a large Z-score. The growth of infants up to 6 months of age showed no significant difference in the feeding pattern, however, after 7 months of age the BSF group had significantly lower weight than the FSF or the ESF groups, There were significant positive relationships between infants weight gain at age 7-9 months from birth and the current protein or zinc intakes. As a result the average status of nutrient intakes of infants in this area was loser than the RDA, however, the growth pattern was fairly good. Although the breast milk is beneficial for infants, mothers should be educated for the importance of supplemental food and its practice to support good nutrition.

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[English]
Ecological Studies of Maternal-Infant Nutrition and Feeding in Urban Low Income Areas - II. Anthropometric Measurements, Dietary Intakes, Breast Milk Components and Serum Lipid/Fatty Acid Composition of Lactating Women: Hong Seok Ahn, Yoon Shin Park, Ji Yoon Jeongm, sung Hye Park; Korean J Community Nutr 1997;2(3):305-318. Published online August 31, 1997

Abstract PDF: This study was aimed at evaluating the nutritional status of Korean lactating women, who were attending peripheral community clinics in low-income areas, by anthropometric measurement, estimating dietary intakes and analyzing the contents of breast milk components, serum lipid content and fatty acid composition. Regarding anghropometric measurements, maternal circumferences decreased significantly at the trunk but not at the limbs. The skinfold thickness on all regions had the tendency to decrease during lactation. It was found that intakes of energy, protein, lipid and carbohydrates were desirable while calcium, zinc, copper and vitamin A were low and sodium was excessive. The energy % of fat was 22.41% of the total energy which is higher than the RDA for adults but it is proper for lactating women, but energy % from each fatty acid was usually low and an intake ratio of omega6/omega3 fatty acids was desirable. Accordingly, it is thought that dietary fat intake was balanced in quality. Concentrations of the nutrients in matured human milk showed the same range as that reported form different regions with the exception of calcium and magnesium which were relatively low. Serum lipid contents were decreased with the time postpartum and the average serum lipid content of lactating women were similar to the normal range of adults. Serum polyunsaturated fatty acids. especially omega6 fatty acids have gradually increased with the time postpartum, but the composition were not greatly influenced by dietary intakes.

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