Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Original Articles

[English]
Proposition and Application of a Dish-Based Target Pattern for Korean Adolescent Girls: Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(2):87-95. Published online April 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.2.87

OBJECTIVES
Maintaining a balanced diet and thus health is crucial for adolescents, and the first step for balanced diet practice is meal planning. Adolescents, however, find it difficult to plan their meals. This study thus was set out to design an easier way of planning meals for adolescent girls.
METHODS
A dish-based target pattern for adolescent girls was tabulated, and validity of this was examined. Meal plan applying a dish-based target pattern was prepared by 150 female middle school students, and nutritional adequacies of those meal plans were examined. Validity and adequacy were tested by energy content, energy contribution ratio, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), probability of nutrient inadequacy, index of nutritional quality (INQ) calculation.
RESULTS
A dish-based target pattern with 11 dish groups was validated for nutritional adequacy. Though the NAR of calcium was 0.96, the INQ of calcium was 1.00. The average energy supply from the meal plans was 2,379 kcal, higher than the estimated energy requirement of a female middle school student, but the energy contribution ratio of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats were all adequate according to the acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR). NAR of all nutrients examined were 1.0, except for calcium. The NAR and INQ of calcium were 0.87 and 0.75, respectively, and the meal plans at risk for calcium inadequacy was 19.30%.
CONCLUSIONS
A dish-based target pattern proposed for adolescent girls was valid, but the meal plan prepared by female middle school students using this approach was high in energy and low in calcium supply. To cut down the energy supply from the meal plan, it is necessary to recommend dishes low in fat and use low fat cooking methods. To increase the calcium supply, it is important to recommend seaweed and legume group dishes with higher Ca INQ food items.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Representative Nutrients Contents and Nutritional Adequacy Evaluation of Single-Dish Meal for Middle School Students
Gisun Lee, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(2): 93. CrossRef
Development of a Food Exchange Table and Food Pattern for Nutritionally Balanced Menu Planning
Yun Ahn, Ikhyun Yeo, Sangyun Lee, Kisun Nam
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(5): 411. CrossRef
Nutritional Adequacy Analysis of Recommended Menu in Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2015
Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(4): 279. CrossRef
Study on Necessity of Updating Nutritional Standards for School Lunch Programs in Korea
Meeyoung Kim, So-young Kim, Jihyun Yoon
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(2): 137. CrossRef

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[English]
Revision of the Target Pattern based on Single Serving Size of Dishes for Korean Adolescent Meal Plan: Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(1):21-29. Published online February 28, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.1.21

Abstract PDF PubReader

OBJECTIVES
Maintaining a balanced diet is very crucial for adolescents. However, adolescents, who may have a short notion about the amount of food, find it difficult to plan daily meals by applying the target pattern proposed by the Korean Nutrition Society. This study was carried out to revise the target pattern based on cooked dishes instead of raw material food groups as an easier way for Korean adolescents to plan their meals.
METHODS
Target pattern for Korean adolescents were revised based on the following: 1st, categorize dish groups, 2nd, calculate representative values of each dish based on the adolescent' intake amount. 3rd, assign the recommended number of intake for each dish. Validity of the target pattern for Korean adolescent meal plan was examined by the energy content, energy contribution ratio, and NAR & INQ of nutrients.
RESULTS
The 11 dish groups categorized were bab; gook.tang.gigae; side dishes of meat, fish, egg, legume, kimchi, vegetable, seaweed; and between meal of fruit, and milk.dairy product. Based on the representative energy values, recommended number of intake were assigned to each dish. For boys, bab and gook.tang.gigae: 3 each; meat, fish, egg, and legume: 1 each; kimchi and vegetable: 3 each; seaweed: 1; fruit and milk.dairy product: 2 each were assigned. For girls, bab and gook.tang.gigae: 2 each; meat, fish, egg, and legume: choice of 3 dishes, 1 each; kimchi and vegetable: 3 each; seaweed: 1; fruit and milk.dairy product: 2 each were assigned. Energy contents, energy contribution ratio of carbohydrate, protein, and fat for boys and girls were in adequate range. The NARs were 1.0 and INQs were > or = 1.0 for all nutrients examined.
CONCLUSIONS
Revised dish-based, instead of food-based adolescent target patterns for boys and girls were easier and a valid way of Korean adolescent meal planning.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Representative Nutrients Contents and Nutritional Adequacy Evaluation of Single-Dish Meal for Middle School Students
Gisun Lee, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(2): 93. CrossRef
Nutritional Adequacy Analysis of Recommended Menu in Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2015
Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(4): 279. CrossRef
Proposition and Application of a Dish-Based Target Pattern for Korean Adolescent Girls
Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(2): 87. CrossRef
Validation of Nutrient Intake Estimation based on One Serving Size
Yi-Yeong Kim, Mi-Hyun Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2015; 28(5): 871. CrossRef

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[English]
Revision and Application of the Target Pattern in Food Guidance System: Administered to 2nd grade middle school students: Ha Yeon Lee, Youngnam Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(3):274-282. Published online June 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.3.274

Abstract PDF PubReader

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to revise the target pattern in food guidance system for adolescents' balanced menu planning.
METHODS
The food groups in the target pattern were divided into detailed food items, and intake number were assigned to each food items based on the revised standard food composition table. The validity of revised target pattern was examined. Menu planning according to the revised target pattern was made available to 305 male and female middle school students and the nutritional assessment of the menu plan were carried out using SPSS WIN 12.0.
RESULTS
The energy contents, energy contribution ratios of carbohydrate, fat, and protein, and 4 minerals' and 6 vitamins' contents of the revised target pattern were adequate. The average energy contents of the menu planned according to revised target pattern were 400~500 kcal higher than that of the revised target pattern when the revised standard food composition was applied. The energy contribution ratios of fat were 28.9%, close to maximum of acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) (30%), and that of carbohydrate were 54.5%, lower than minimum of AMDR (55%). The nutrient adequacy ratios (NARs) of calcium and vitamin C were less than 1.0. According to index of nutritional quality (INQ) of food items, kimchi, milkdairy products, and soybean curd were energy efficient source for calcium, kimchi, fruit, vegetable and seaweed were energy efficient source for vitamin C, with INQ of food items were higher or close to 2.0. Kimchi was the best energy efficient source of calcium and vitamin C.
CONCLUSIONS
Revised target pattern based on the adolescent's foods intake was not good enough for balanced menu planning by adolescents, because what they ate and what they wanted to eat were very much different. Detailed guidance for food selection is necessary in each food items.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of a Food Exchange Table and Food Pattern for Nutritionally Balanced Menu Planning
Yun Ahn, Ikhyun Yeo, Sangyun Lee, Kisun Nam
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(5): 411. CrossRef
Designing optimized food intake patterns for Korean adults using linear programming (I): analysis of data from the 2010~2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Kana Asano, Hongsuk Yang, Youngmi Lee, Jihyun Yoon
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(1): 73. CrossRef
Nutritional Adequacy Analysis of Recommended Menu in Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2015
Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(4): 279. CrossRef
Proposition and Application of a Dish-Based Target Pattern for Korean Adolescent Girls
Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(2): 87. CrossRef
Revision of the Target Pattern based on Single Serving Size of Dishes for Korean Adolescent Meal Plan
Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(1): 21. CrossRef

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[English]
Nutritional Assessment of Menu Plan Prepared according to the Target Pattern: Menu Prepared by Home Economics Teachers and Middle-School Girls: A Rom Kim, Mi Jeong Kim, Youngnam Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(3):375-385. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.3.375

Abstract PDF PubReader

The nutritional balance of the menu plans prepared according to the target pattern was examined. Total of 81 home economics teachers throughout the nation and 161 3rd-grade middle-school girls in Chungnam area participated. The data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS WIN 12.0. Although both teacher and student groups had fairly good knowledge on preparing menu plans related concepts, they rarely make use any menu planning currently. More than 85% of menu plans investigated exceeded their energy goal in the target pattern. The energy contribution ratios of carbohydrate: protein: fat were 56.1%: 17.4%: 26.5% in teachers' menu plan and 55.1%: 17.2%: 27.7% in students' menu plan. The NAR of the protein, phosphorous, iron, zinc, vitamin A and C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6 was 1 or near 1. But in case of calcium, 56.5% of the menu plan prepared by the students was less than 1, and in case of folate 75.3% of teachers', and 85.1% of students' were less than NAR 1. The MAR of the 12 nutrients examined were 0.98, 0.97, and the DVS were 51, 49 for menu plan prepared by teachers and students, respectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Nutritional Adequacy Analysis of Recommended Menu in Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2015
Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(4): 279. CrossRef
Proposition and Application of a Dish-Based Target Pattern for Korean Adolescent Girls
Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(2): 87. CrossRef
Revision of the Target Pattern based on Single Serving Size of Dishes for Korean Adolescent Meal Plan
Mi Jin Park, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(1): 21. CrossRef
Revision and Application of the Target Pattern in Food Guidance System: Administered to 2nd grade middle school students
Ha Yeon Lee, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(3): 274. CrossRef
Assessment of Menu Plan Prepared by Middle School Students According to Ordinary Meal Pattern and Single Serving Size
Jung-Ok Kim, Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(4): 333. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Center for Child-Care Foodservice Management for Menu Management and Dietary Variety
Hye-Young Kim, Il-Sun Yang, In-Sook Chae, Bo-Sook Yi, Moon-Kyung Park, Ha-Young Kim, Tae-Seok Kang, Dong-Gil Leem, Jin-Ha Lee, Hae-Young Lee
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(3): 243. CrossRef

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