Suhyang Kwak; Taejung Woo; Kyoung Ae Lee; Kyung-Hea Lee

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.4.259

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A comparison of Dietary Habits and Influencing Factors for Vegetable Preferences of Adolescents in Gyeongnam Province: Suhyang Kwak, Taejung Woo, Kyoung Ae Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2015;20(4):259-272.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.4.259
Published online: August 30, 2015

¹Department of Nutrition Education, Graduated School of Education, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea.

²Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea.

³Department of Practical Arts Education and Centre for Child Nutrition Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kyung-Hea Lee. Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichanggu, Changwon-si, Gyeongnam 51140, Korea. Tel: (055) 213-3514, Fax: (055) 281-7480, khl@changwon.ac.kr

• Received: July 2, 2015 • Revised: August 10, 2015 • Accepted: August 10, 2015

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
A higher consumption of vegetables is emphasized as the core component of most dietary guidelines. Thus, this research investigated the dietary habits and influencing factors of vegetable preferences of adolescents.
Methods
This study was conducted by using a self-administered questionnaire. 400 students from two high schools in Gyeongnam (193 boys, 207 girls) participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of the following variables: dietary habit, dietary action guide and factors based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT).
Results
The dietary habits of subjects showed significant differences depending on whether they prefer vegetables or not. The subjects in the group who liked vegetables had better dietary habits than the other group. Also, the study determined that the most important reason for liking or disliking vegetables is due to the taste. In the practice of dietary guidelines, the group of subjects who liked vegetables followed dietary guidelines more closely than the other group (p < 0.001). When the factors based on SCT were analyzed, personal factors showed significant differences between the groups: outcome expectation (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p < 0.001) and affective attitude (p < 0.001). Personal factors and rated vegetable preferences showed a significant correlation in multiple regression analysis (F=42.015, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
These results showed that vegetable preference is associated with a key point of desirable dietary habits among subjects. In order to increase vegetable preference or consumption, it is important to focus on strengthening not only self-efficacy of students, but also affective attitude of vegetable.
Keywords: vegetable preference; dietary habit; social cognitive theory; adolescents

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Table 1

Characteristics of the subjects

1) Criterion for dividing the group (Q: Do you like eating vegetables?. A: 'Yes')

2) Criterion for dividing the group (Q: Do you like eating vegetables?, A: 'No')

3) p-value by χ²-test, independent t-test

4) N (%)

5) Mean±SD

Table 2

Comparison of vegetables preference between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'- strongly dislike, '2'-dislike, '3'-like, '4'- strongly like)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 3

The reasons to prefer vegetables of subjects¹⁾

Multiple response, 2) Responses of only vegetable preference group, 3) N (%), 4) Responses of only vegetable non-preference group

Table 4

Comparison of dietary habits between the groups

N (%), ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by χ²-test

Table 5

Comparison of the practice rate of dietary action guide between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ( '1'- strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-neither disagree nor agree, '4'-agree, '5'- strongly agree)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 6

Comparison of personal factors between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-agree, '4'- strongly agree)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 7

Comparison of nutrition knowledge between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-right, '0'-wrong, total score=10)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 by independent t-test

Table 8

Comparison of environmental factors between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-agree, '4'- strongly agree)

2) Items reversed for scoring

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 9

Multiple regression analysis between vegetables preference and influencing factors

Dependent variable : vegetables preference

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by multiple regression analysis

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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A comparison of Dietary Habits and Influencing Factors for Vegetable Preferences of Adolescents in Gyeongnam Province

Korean J Community Nutr. 2015;20(4):259-272. Published online August 31, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.4.259

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A comparison of Dietary Habits and Influencing Factors for Vegetable Preferences of Adolescents in Gyeongnam Province

Table 1

Characteristics of the subjects

1) Criterion for dividing the group (Q: Do you like eating vegetables?. A: 'Yes')

2) Criterion for dividing the group (Q: Do you like eating vegetables?, A: 'No')

3) p-value by χ²-test, independent t-test

4) N (%)

5) Mean±SD

Table 2

Comparison of vegetables preference between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'- strongly dislike, '2'-dislike, '3'-like, '4'- strongly like)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 3

The reasons to prefer vegetables of subjects¹⁾

Multiple response, 2) Responses of only vegetable preference group, 3) N (%), 4) Responses of only vegetable non-preference group

Table 4

Comparison of dietary habits between the groups

N (%), ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by χ²-test

Table 5

Comparison of the practice rate of dietary action guide between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ( '1'- strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-neither disagree nor agree, '4'-agree, '5'- strongly agree)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 6

Comparison of personal factors between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-agree, '4'- strongly agree)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 7

Comparison of nutrition knowledge between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-right, '0'-wrong, total score=10)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 by independent t-test

Table 8

Comparison of environmental factors between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-agree, '4'- strongly agree)

2) Items reversed for scoring

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 9

Multiple regression analysis between vegetables preference and influencing factors

Dependent variable : vegetables preference

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by multiple regression analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the subjects

1) Criterion for dividing the group (Q: Do you like eating vegetables?. A: 'Yes')

2) Criterion for dividing the group (Q: Do you like eating vegetables?, A: 'No')

3) p-value by χ²-test, independent t-test

4) N (%)

5) Mean±SD

Table 2 Comparison of vegetables preference between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'- strongly dislike, '2'-dislike, '3'-like, '4'- strongly like)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 3 The reasons to prefer vegetables of subjects1)

Multiple response, 2) Responses of only vegetable preference group, 3) N (%), 4) Responses of only vegetable non-preference group

Table 4 Comparison of dietary habits between the groups

N (%), ^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by χ²-test

Table 5 Comparison of the practice rate of dietary action guide between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ( '1'- strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-neither disagree nor agree, '4'-agree, '5'- strongly agree)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 6 Comparison of personal factors between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-agree, '4'- strongly agree)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 7 Comparison of nutrition knowledge between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-right, '0'-wrong, total score=10)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 by independent t-test

Table 8 Comparison of environmental factors between the groups

1) Mean ±SD ('1'-strongly disagree, '2'-disagree, '3'-agree, '4'- strongly agree)

2) Items reversed for scoring

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001 by independent t-test

Table 9 Multiple regression analysis between vegetables preference and influencing factors