Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Young Sun Choi

13 Articles

[English]
Effect of School Lunch Menu Intervention through Calcium Enriched Menus on Nutrient Intakes of High School Girls: Eon Kyoung Lee, Young Sun Choi, Bok Seon Bae; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(2):265-277. Published online April 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.2.265

This study was conducted to improve the nutritional status of high school girls via lunch menu intervention. Surveys were carried out twice to evaluate basal status and status after lunch menu intervention. In the first survey nutrient intakes of 24-hour and school lunch were each estimated by 24-hour recall dietary survey and self-recording, respectively. Calcium intake was the lowest among nutrients, and stir-frying was the most preferred cooking method. Five dishes of school lunch menus which were included in the first survey were replaced with recipes containing foods with higher calcium level; anchovy stir-fried with red pepper paste, anchovy stir-fried with almond, pork stir-fried with shredded kelp, crab meat soup, and tteokbokki with cheese. In the second survey calcium intake from school lunch was significantly (p < 0.001) increased from 45.5% to 50.2% of one thirds of recommended intake (RI) after calcium enriched lunch menu intervention. Intakes of vitamin A and E were also significantly increased, whereas those of energy, thiamin, and vitamin C were decreased. Index of nutritional quality values of nutrients of 24-hour intakes (except thiamin, vitamin B6, vitamin C) is increased by intervention; however, those of calcium, folic acid, iron are still very low. Even though this study shows a possibility of improving nutrient intakes of students through school lunch menu intervention, lunch intervention by itself is not enough action to improve nutritional status of micronutrient for adolescents.

Citations

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Study on Necessity of Updating Nutritional Standards for School Lunch Programs in Korea
Meeyoung Kim, So-young Kim, Jihyun Yoon
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(2): 137. CrossRef
Study on Improvement of Elementary School Food Service by Applying Preferred Recipes to Disliked Seafood Menus
Ji-Hye Seong, Mi Jeong Kim
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(4): 387. CrossRef
Calcium and Milk Intake of Elementary School Students from School Foodservices - Focus on the Gyeongsangbukdo Province -
Sun-Hee Park, Kyeung-Soon Lee, Soo-Kyong Choi, Jung-Sook Seo
Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2014; 20(1): 12. CrossRef
Characteristics of School Menus from the Daegu and Gyeongbuk Area
Seon Woo Ahn, Mi-Kyung Choi
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2013; 42(6): 983. CrossRef

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[English]
Nutrition and Health of Toddlers and Preschoolers : Current Status and Issues: Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(5):737-748. Published online October 31, 2008

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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[English]
Dietary Behaviors and Seasonal Diversity of Food Intakes of Elderly Women Living Alone as Compared to Those Living with Family in Gyeongbuk Rural Area: Young Jee Lim, Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(5):620-629. Published online October 31, 2008

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to assess dietary habits and seasonal variation and diversity of food intakes of elderly women living alone as compared to those of elderly women living with family in a rural area. Forty nine elderly women living alone and forty one elderly women living with family who reside in Goryeong-gun, Gyeongbuk, were interviewed using questionnaires in summer 2005, and their food intakes were assessed secondly in winter and thirdly in spring 2006. The average ages were 74.7 years for elderly living alone and 72.8 years for elderly living with family. Tooth status and bone fracture experience were similar between the groups. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disease was 61.2% and that of circulatory disease was 32.7% of the subjects. Average of total score of mental depression of the subjects was 5.94 out of 12 points, and it was not significantly different between the two groups. Skipping meals was more frequent and mealtime was more irregular in the elderly women living alone as compared with the elderly women living with family. Consumption of dietary supplements was also less in the elderly women living alone. Food intakes by the elderly women living alone tended to be lower than those by the elderly women living with family. Dietary diversity score was significantly lower with the elderly women living alone as compared with the elderly women living with family only in summer (p < 0.01). Percentages of the subjects who have taken meat group and vegetable group were significantly lower in the elderly living alone compared with the elderly living with family during summer. Therefore, it is necessary to develop food assistance or supporting program suited for the season within a community for elderly women living alone.

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[English]
Snacking Behaviors of Middle and High School Students in Seoul: Seul Ki Choi, Hyeon Jeong Choi, Nam Soo Chang, Sung Hee Cho, Young Sun Choi, Hye Kyung Park, Hyo Jee Joung; Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(2):199-206. Published online April 30, 2008

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to investigate snacking behavior in adolescents. We selected one middle school and one high school in 11 school districts in Seoul. The subjects were 1,813 students (904 boys and 909 girls) in 21 schools (11 middle schools and 10 high schools). Subjects reported their snacking behavior: snack frequency, snack type, snack time, with whom to eat snack, place to purchase snack. The subjects were classified into four groups by gender and schooling. The mean snack frequency was 2.8. Girls ate snacks more frequently than boys (p < 0.001). More than half of subjects ate 1 to 3 snacks a day. Only 9.3% of them did not eat any snack. Tangerine was highly ranked in snack type. Each subject groups had different snack time (p < 0.01) and type of snack (p < 0.001). Most snack was consumed alone (46.6%), however they mainly ate fruits and other foods with family. 46.9% of snacks were purchased outside. A typical snack time was 'before dinner' for most snacks except fruits. Unhealthy foods like soft drinks, cookies, chips, candies, chocolates, ice creams had relatively high proportion in snack consumption with friends. In conclusion, adolescents had different snacking behaviors by their age and gender. These results indicate necessities of multi-dimensional efforts at home, school, media and government level considering adolescents' age and gender for their healthy snacking behavior.

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[English]
Seasonal Nutrient Intakes of Elderly Women Living Alone as Compared to Those Living with Family in the Gyeongbuk Rural Area: Young Jee Lim, Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2007;12(1):58-67. Published online February 28, 2007

Abstract PDF: For the rapidly growing elderly population, the achievement and maintenance of good nutritional status is critical to health, functioning and quality of life. Elderly women living alone have been identified as a group associated with poor nutrition. The purpose of this study was to assess dietary intakes of elderly women living alone as compared to those of elderly women living with family in a rural area and to examine seasonal variation. The subjects are 49 elderly women living alone and 41 elderly women living with family who reside in Goryeong-gun, Gyeongbuk, and their food intakes were assessed once each time in summer 2005, winter 2005-2006, and spring 2006. The average ages were 74.7 years for living alone and 72.8 years for living with family. Education level was not different between the two groups. Height, weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and fasting blood glucose were not significantly different between the two groups. Average intakes of major nutrients, nutrient adequacy ratio, mean adequacy ratio and index of nutritional quality were lower in the elderly women living alone compared with the elderly women living with family in summer, but the differences in intakes of most nutrients became insignificant both in winter and in spring. High carbohydrate and low fat diet was prevalent and intakes of carbohydrate and fat in summer deviated from macronutrient acceptable distribution ranges. Percentages of the subjects who consumed energy less than 75% of the estimated energy requirement and nutrients less than the estimated average requirement were higher than those reported by the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In summer, the percentage of the subjects who consumed energy less than both 75% of the estimated energy requirement and 4 nutrients less than estimated average requirements was 58.5% of the elderly women living alone, which was higher than 26.5% of the elderly women living with family and that of National Nutrition Survey. Therefore, nutrition policies including nutrition education and support are necessary to improve nutritional status of elderly, especially elderly women living alone and should reflect regional and seasonal characteristics.

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[English]
Comparison of Dietary Attitudes and Attitudes to the School Lunch Service of Elementary and Middle School Students Living in the Same Region: Myung Hee Park, Young Sun Choi, Yeun Ju Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2002;7(1):3-13. Published online February 28, 2002

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to examine dietary attitudes of students and changes in their attitudes toward the school lunch service. The participants of the study were 483 students ranging from third grade elementary school students to middle school sophomores living in the Seoguipo area of Jeju Island. The subjects were asked to complete questionnaires under the supervision of their teachers or dietitians, and data were grouped into elementary school 3rd and 4th grades, elementary school 5th and 6th grades; and middle school 1st and 2nd grades for each gender. There were no significant differences among the groups with respect to their regularity of food intake, dietary considerations, or the frequency of imbalance in their diets. In the case of female participants, their frequency of snacking decreased as their grade level increased. In general, the overall changes in dietary attitudes became more negative as their grade level increased. Male students demanded increased serving sizes of both staple food and side dishes, while female students demanded increased serving sizes dishes, but not staple food as their grade levels increased. there was also an increase in the number of student sin higher grades who discarded or did not eat enough their entire meals. The major reasons for not eating the food were : no taste to the food and not proper saltiness of food. These results may suggest that school dietitians need to pay more attention to increased taste and proper seasoning of meals. Students suggested that the school lunch service should be continued, but that it needs improvement. Students in higher grades were more aware of the importance of the environment in which the meal was provided. Also, an early education in nutrition and healthy diets seemed important in preparing them for following a healthy lifestyle in later life.

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[English]
Influence of Food Behavior and Life-Style Behavior on Health Status in Male Industrial Workers: Myeung Hee Park, Young Sun Choi, Bong Soon Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2001;6(3):297-305. Published online August 31, 2001

Abstract PDF: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of food behavior and life-style behavior on the health-status of male industrial workers in the Masan region. The average age of the 173 male subjects was 42.9 years and 59% of the subjects were labor workers, 25% office workers, and 70% of them earned 1 - 1.5 million won monthly. The subjects were categorized into one of three groups : normal group, health-concerned group, and disease-suspected group classified by the criteria of the data (blood pressure, blood glucose, blood hemoglobin, serum total cholesterol, and serum triglyceride) obtained from a health examination. Forty seven belonged to the normal group, 71 to the health-concerned group, and 55 to the disease-suspected group. The health-concerned group, and disease-suspected group had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum total cholesterol than the normal group, and the disease-suspected group showed a significantly higher serum triglyceride level than the normal and health-concerned groups. The disease-suspected group consumed carbohydrate foods, such as cereals more frequently and protein foods such as beans and eggs less frequently than the normal group and health-concerned group. However, there was no difference in nutrient intakes among the three groups. The disease-suspected group and health-concerned group smoked more cigarettes and drank more frequently than the normal group, and the disease-suspected group exercised less as compared to the normal group. The kinds of diseases diagnosed in the disease-suspected group were hypertension, hyperlipidemia, liver disease, and neurological disease. The results of this study indicate that nutrition education and monitoring should be implemented for industrial workers to prevent chronic diseases and to reduce medical cost for the treatment of disease.

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[English]
A Study on the Development of Programs for the Nutrition Education of Preschool Nursery Facilities: Nan Hee Lee, Hyo Jee Joung, Sung Hee Cho, Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2001;6(2):234-242. Published online May 31, 2001

Abstract PDF: This study was aimed at development of a nutrition education program, which was designed for children, their parents and personnel in preschool nursery facilities and carried out by dieticians. The program was conducted at 6 preschool nursery facilities for 3 months from July to September 1998. Four-hundred thirty-three children aged 2 to 7 years were engaged in the program. Children in each class were given nutrition education practice once a week by dieticians using education materials and a guide book based on a 12-week program. The themes of nutrition education for children consisted of 'knowledge of food sources and foods', 'relations between food and health', 'other roles of food', 'right eating habit', and 'cooking practice'. Each of five leaflets on nutrition education for parents was delivered eery three weeks in a series and leaflets were posted on a bulletin board. Nursery school teachers were educated by their participation in the class with dieticians using education materials. Evaluation of nutrition education by children, parents and personnel was carried out by interviewing and using questionnaires before and after the program. Children responded more positively more positively on their eating behavior and sanitary behaviors after nutrition education. Parents'opinions on the nutrition education program were positive : 72.3 described the nutrition education program as 'very good'and 'good'. In addition, 71.3% answered that the education materials for parents were helpful. A majority(93.8%) of personnel in facilities evaluated the nutrition education program effective. Nursery personnel evaluated the importance of general nutrition knowledge, childhood nutrition, and obesity control for nutrition management and nutrition education more highly after nutrition education. This study indicates that nutrition management and nutrition education programs for preschool nursery facilities are necessary and they would be effective when implemented by dieticians.

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[English]
A Survey of Eating Behavior and Food Preferences of Children in Preschool Nursery Facilities: Nam Hee Lee, Hyojee Joung, Sung Hee Cho, Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2000;5(4):578-585. Published online December 31, 2000

Abstract PDF: This study was aimed at examine eating behavior and food preferences of children in preschool nursery facilities. A survey was conducted on parents using questionnaires including general characteristics, eating behavior, and food habits at home and food preferences of children in 6 nursery facilities. The children involved in this study were 150 boys and 154 girls, aged 1 to 7 years old. Sixty three percent(187 children) of the children were on 'regular' meal times, and 37.0%(110 children) were on 'irregular' meal times. The major reason for their irregular meal times were 'their' concentration on other tasks'(26.6%) and 'no appetite'(25.5%). The meal eaten best by children was 'dinner' while that eaten worst was 'breakfast'. The major type of their eating habit problem was 'unbalanced diet'(62.1%), and their mothers' response to the unbalanced diet was 'trying to persuade the child'(71.6%). The number of snacks at home was one or twice a day(97.3%), and 'preference'(67.8%) was the main reason for selecting particular snacks. Their preferred staple foods were 'cooked rice with meat & vegetables and Chinese noodles', and 'noodles with bean sauce', and their preferred soup was 'seaweed soup' Also, their most preferred meat dishes were 'fried chicken' and 'thin sliced barbecued beef. Children preferred side dishes with animal foods to those with vegetable foods. Since children liked mixed dishes, it seems desirable to introduce foods which children dislike as ingredients in mixed dishes.

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[English]
A Study on the Food Behaviors and Nutritional Status of Industrial Workers: Myeung Hee Park, Young Sun Choi, Mee Ae Lee, Bong Soon Choi, Hyo Jee Jung; Korean J Community Nutr 1999;4(2):194-206. Published online June 30, 1999

Abstract PDF: This study inrestigated the dietary behavior, nutritional intake, and health status of industrial workers. Two hundred seventy workers(165 men and 105 women) in Masan, who were provided food services were selected as survey subjects. They were given questionnaires on nutrition knowledge, food frequency questionnaires, and blood analysis were conducted through an annual health examination from May to August 1998. The average age of the subjects was 35.7+/-11.8 years, and 80% the of women were in their teens and 20's and 80% of men were in their 30's and 40's. The nutrition knowledge score was higher in women than in men, while food habit score was higher in men than in women. As age increase, the degree of life stress became lower and food habit score was higher in men than in women. As age increases, the degree of life stress became lower and food habit was improved. In women, all nutrient intakes were avobe the recommended dictary allowances(RDA), and in men intakes of only vitamin E and calcium were under RDA. Levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood glucose, blood pressure, body mass index were positively related to age. The number of subjects suspected of havins chronic disease was the highest for those in their 40's. The results indicate that nutritional status of industrial workers in the present study was fairly good probably due to food services, but their health status should be supervised as their age increases.

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[English]
Enviromental Factors and Factors Associated with Feeding on Infant's Growth.: Young Sun Choi, Kee Wha Oh, Kyung Mee Yang, Jung Sook Seo, Son Moon Shin; Korean J Community Nutr 1998;3(1):3-11. Published online February 28, 1998

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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[English]
Plasma Carotenoid Levels in Healthy men and Acute Cardiovascular Disease Patients in Taegu: Sung Hee Cho, Nan Hee Lee, Suna Im, Jung Gyo Im, bok Seon Bae, Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 1997;2(5):728-734. Published online December 31, 1997

Abstract PDF: Plasma carotenoid levels were compared among 64 healthy male subjects (control) and 38 patients of ischemic heart disease(IHD) and 20 ones of cerebral infarction(CI) all of whom were over 50years of age. Another 98 healthy male subjects aged 23 to 58 were selected to compare their plasma carotenoid levels by age groups, Levels of lutein, zeaxanthin and crpytoxanthin were lower in IHD(34+/-2, 13+/-1 and 62+/-7 microgram/dl)and CI(36+/-3, 12+/-2 and 41+/-6 microgram/dl)patient groups than in control group (84+/-5, 16+/-2 and 69+/-3 microgram/dl) while those of lycopene, alpha-and beta-carotene varied little among the three groups. The sum of the six carotenoid levels were levels were, therefore,highest(205+/-14 microgram/dl) in the control group followed by IHD(155+/-15 microgram/dl) and CI(128+/-17 microgram/dl) patient groups, Among the 98 healthy male subject for the age group study, levels of the three major carotenoids increased with age from the twenties to the fifities ; lutein, from 64+/-6 to 89+/-8 microgram/dl, cryptoxanthin, 57+/-8 to 73+/-4 microgram/dl and beta-carotene were more significantly correlated(r=0.30 to 0.61, p<0.01), whereas levels of lycopene and alpha-caroteme were significantly(r=0.21 - 0.23, p<0.05) correlated.

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[English]
Relation of Serum Vitamin E and Lipoperoxide Levels with Serum Lipid Status in Korean Men: Sung Hee Cho, Young Sun Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 1997;2(1):44-51. Published online February 28, 1997

Abstract PDF: Secrum lipid and vitamin E levels were determined and smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise habits were asked in 357 healthy male subjects aged 49.4+/-6.7 years in Taegu. Average serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride(TG) were 189+/-43 mg/dl, 42+/-13 mg/dl and 136+/-73 mg/dl, respectively. Serum level of lipid peroxide measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) of the subjects was 2.01+/-0.73MDA nmoles/ml and that of alpha-tocopherol was 9.53+/-3.14ug/ml. The correlation coefficients between alpha-tocopherol and serum lipids were 0.3631 for triglyceride, 0.2993 for cholesterol, and 0.3025 for total lipid. Heavy smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes a day had higher levels of TG and TBARS than those who smoke less. Alcohol drinkers had higher levels of TG and TBARS than nondrinkers. Vitamin E level(per ml serum)was significantly higher in the heavy smokers and drinkers, which was reflected by the higher level of serum lipid. When the level of alpha-tocopherol was expressed as alpha-tocopherol/triglyceride, it was negatively correlated with serum TBARS level and was lower in the heavy smokers than in the moderate smokers. It is concluded that vitamin E level as alpha-tocopherol/triglyceride would be better compared to alpha-tocopherol/total cholesterol or alpha-tocopherol/total lipid for the evaluation of vitamin E status in Korean men.

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