Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Original Articles

[English]
A Study on the Body Composition, Physical Activity Level, Basal Metabolic Rate, and Daily Energy Expenditure of Elderly in Busan: Hwa Jae Lim; Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(2):178-189. Published online April 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.2.178

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were to assess body composition, physical activity level (PAL), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and daily energy expenditure (DEE) and to examine associations between PAL and body composition, BMR, and DEE of elderly in Busan.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 226 elderly aged 65-93 years. Body composition was measured by Inbody 720. PAL was calculated by daily activity diary. BMR was calculated by Harris-Benedict (H-B) formula, Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) formula, and Inbody 720 measurement. DEE was calculated by H-B formula, DRI formula, Inbody 720 measurement, and estimated energy requirements (EER) formula.
RESULTS
The mean fat free mass (FFM) in elderly men was significantly higher than that in elderly women (p<0.001). The mean percent body fat and fat mass (FM) in elderly women were significantly greater than those in elderly men (p<0.001, p<0.001). The mean PAL in elderly men (1.59) was significantly higher than that in elderly women (1.53) (p<0.001). The mean DEEs calculated by 3 methods except for H-B formula in elderly men were higher than EER for elderly men (2000kcal). The mean DEEs calculated by 4 different methods in elderly women were higher than EER for elderly women (1600kcal). Age showed significantly negative correlations with height (p<0.001, p<0.001), FFM (p<0.001, p<0.001), BMRs calculated by H-B formula (p<0.001, p<0.001), DRI formula (p<0.001, p<0.001) and Inbody 720 measurement (p<0.05 p<0.01) and DEEs calculated by H-B formula (p<0.001, p<0.001), DRI formula (p<0.001, p<0.001), Inbody 720 measurement (p<0.05, p<0.05), and EER formula (p<0.001, p<0.001) in elderly men and elderly women. PAL showed significantly positive correlations with FFM (p<0.05), BMR by Inbody 720 measurement (p<0.05) in elderly men and negative correlations with FM (p<0.05) in elderly women.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results, PAL was associated with greater FFM in elderly men and lesser FM in elderly women. Therefore, nutritional education to increase physical activity for health promotion in late life is needed in the elderly.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of a Yoga Program Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Nutritional Status and Functional Capacity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
María del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile, María Rosalba Martín-Baute, María Isabel Ledesma-Cerrato, Yolanda Castellote-Caballero, Ana María González-Martín, Fidel Hita-Contreras, Javier Cano-Sánchez, Agustín Aibar-Almazán
Nutrients.2024; 16(11): 1601. CrossRef
The Effects of Aquatic Group Exercise on Body Composition and Mental Health of Elderly Women
Hae-An Ok
Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2017; 12(1): 103. CrossRef

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[English]
Dietary Macronutrients and VO2 by BMI among Female College Students in Seoul: Jae Yeon Lim, Hae Bok Na; Korean J Community Nutr 2006;11(1):52-62. Published online February 28, 2006

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to investigate dietary macronutrient and VO2 by BMI. The subjects consisted of 50 female college students. They were divided into three groups: Below BMI 18.5 kg/m2 (n = 9), BMI 18.5 - 23 kg/m2 (n = 28), above BMI 23 g/m2 (n = 13). Health-related questionnaires, dietary macronutrients, macronutrient compositions, food frequency questionnaires, body compositions and VO2 were studied. Macronutrient compositions that macronutrient intakes were expressed by the percentage of daily energy intakes. There were significant differences in body fat, percent of body fat, and fat distribution by BMI. Also, significantly increasing of basal metabolic rate (BMR) was shown by BMI, but BMR per body weight was decreased by BMI. Overall, there were no significant differences in health-related questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), dietary macronutrients and VO2 by BMI but salty taste preferences and carbohydrate intakes, FFQ of beans, white vegetables rand, yellow-green vegetables in the above BMI 23 g/m2 group were significantly higher than other groups. There were no significant differences in macronutrient composition but the lipid composition of subjects was shown above 20%. Also, energy intakes of subjects were shown to be low; especially the below BMI 18.5 kg/m2 group was very low (55% of RDA). Significantly positive correlation was found in BMR and body composition such as skeletal muscle & lean body mass, but significant correlation was not found in BMR and dietary macronutrients. Overall, researched energy metabolism factor was not different by BMI. Only in the BMI 18.5 - 23 kg/m2 (normal) group, significantly positive correlation was found in VO2peak and body fat oxidation. Therefore, proper nutritional education for female college students is needed in order to improve their obesity-related health. Moreover, a nutritional survey method of finding diverse factors that affect their health should be developed to meet various needs.

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