Yun Ahn; Ikhyun Yeo; Sangyun Lee; Kisun Nam

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.5.411

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Research Article
Development of a Food Exchange Table and Food Pattern for Nutritionally Balanced Menu Planning: Yun Ahn, Ikhyun Yeo, Sangyun Lee, Kisun Nam; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2018;23(5):411-423.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.5.411
Published online: October 31, 2018

¹Health & Nutrition Research Center, Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Co., Ltd. Seoul, Korea, Senior Researcher.

²Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Co., Ltd. Seoul, Korea, Director.

³Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Co., Ltd. Seoul, Korea, Head.

⁴Health & Nutrition Research Center, Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Co., Ltd. Seoul, Korea, Head.

Corresponding author: Kisun Nam. Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Co., Ltd., 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea. Tel: (02)3277-8553, Fax: (02)6499-0129, ksnama@pulmuone.com

• Received: August 2, 2018 • Revised: October 1, 2018 • Accepted: October 1, 2018

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to develop new meal planning tools for a nutritionally balanced diet.
Methods
Based on the food exchange list for diabetes, we adjusted the food group classification system to reflect the suggested nutritional factors for chronic disease prevention and health promotion. We developed a nutritionally balanced dietary profile for adults and compared it with the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and the food pattern recommended by the Korean Diabetes Association.
Results
The newly developed menu planning tools are the LOHAS food exchange table and the LOHAS food pattern. Our recommended daily 1,800 kcal dietary composition for adults is as follows: The carbohydrate food group consists of 4 ‘whole grains’, 3 ‘refined grains’, 2 ‘sugars’, 9 ‘vegetables’, 3 ‘starchy vegetables’, 2 ‘fruits’ and 1 ‘high sugar fruits’. The protein food group includes 3 ‘plant protein foods’, 3 ‘animal protein foods (low-fat)’, and 1 ‘animal protein foods (high-fat)’. The fat food group consists of 2 ‘oils and nuts’ and 1 ‘solid fats’. The total number of calories is estimated at 1,840 kcal and the energy ratio is 62% carbohydrate, 18% protein, 20% fat, 6.8% saturated fat and 13.2% sugars. Using the LOHAS food exchange table, it is possible to estimate values of saturated fat, unsaturated fat, dietary fiber, and sugars besides carbohydrate, protein and fat. It is also possible to compose a dietary design considering carbohydrate, sugars, saturated fat and dietary fiber. The LOHAS food pattern provides benefits for the management of both institutional food services and individual meals, as it can help reduce the levels of saturated fat and sugar intake and help develop healthy meals rich in unsaturated fats and dietary fiber.
Conclusions
The LOHAS food exchange table and LOHAS food pattern are expected to be practical tools for designing and evaluating nutritionally balanced diets.
Keywords: food exchange list; food group; menu plan

Acknowledgments

The meal planning tools were patented (No. 1728113) and is currently being applied to the Pulmuone F&C foodservice.

REFERENCES

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Fig. 1

Classification of food group

Table 1

LOHAS food exchange table: specific characteristics and foods of food group

1) GI: Glycemic Index

Table 2

LOHAS food exchange table: the amount of nutritions and foods in 1 exchange

Table 3

LOHAS food pattern(1,800kcal diet per day for adult)

Table 4

Assessment of 1,800 kcal (A pattern) recommended diet for Korean adult (KDRIs)

Table 5

Assessment of 1,800kcal recommended diet for diabetic patient (Korean Diabetes Association)

Table 6

Comparison of 1,800kcal LOHAS food pattern with KDRIs and Diabetes Association 1,800 kcal recommended diet : division by LOHAS food group

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Development of a Food Exchange Table and Food Pattern for Nutritionally Balanced Menu Planning

Korean J Community Nutr. 2018;23(5):411-423. Published online October 31, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.5.411

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Figure

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Development of a Food Exchange Table and Food Pattern for Nutritionally Balanced Menu Planning

Fig. 1 Classification of food group

Fig. 1

Development of a Food Exchange Table and Food Pattern for Nutritionally Balanced Menu Planning

Table 1

LOHAS food exchange table: specific characteristics and foods of food group

1) GI: Glycemic Index

Table 2

LOHAS food exchange table: the amount of nutritions and foods in 1 exchange

Table 3

LOHAS food pattern(1,800kcal diet per day for adult)

Table 4

Assessment of 1,800 kcal (A pattern) recommended diet for Korean adult (KDRIs)

Table 5

Assessment of 1,800kcal recommended diet for diabetic patient (Korean Diabetes Association)

Table 6

Comparison of 1,800kcal LOHAS food pattern with KDRIs and Diabetes Association 1,800 kcal recommended diet : division by LOHAS food group

Table 1 LOHAS food exchange table: specific characteristics and foods of food group

1) GI: Glycemic Index

Table 2 LOHAS food exchange table: the amount of nutritions and foods in 1 exchange

Table 3 LOHAS food pattern(1,800kcal diet per day for adult)

Table 4 Assessment of 1,800 kcal (A pattern) recommended diet for Korean adult (KDRIs)

Table 5 Assessment of 1,800kcal recommended diet for diabetic patient (Korean Diabetes Association)

Table 6 Comparison of 1,800kcal LOHAS food pattern with KDRIs and Diabetes Association 1,800 kcal recommended diet : division by LOHAS food group