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A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
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Research Article
A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
Mi-Hyun Kim, Jee-Young Yeon, Jong Wook Kim, Jae-Eon Byun, So-Young Bu, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Yun-Jung Bae
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2015;20(5):327-337.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.5.327
Published online: October 31, 2015

1Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong, Korea.

2Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Cheongju, Korea.

3International Cooperation Office, Director General for Planning and Coordination, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Korea.

4Imported Food Analysis Division, Gwangju Regional Food and Drug Administration, Gwangju, Korea.

5Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University, Daegu, Korea.

6Division of Food Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea.

7Division of Food Science and Culinary Arts, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu, Korea.

Corresponding author: Yun-Jung Bae. Shinhan University, 95, Hoam-ro, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-701, Korea. Tel: (031) 870-3572, Fax: (031) 870-3519, byj@shinhan.ac.kr
• Received: August 23, 2015   • Revised: October 13, 2015   • Accepted: October 23, 2015

Copyright © 2015 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Objectives
    Dietary life is closely associated with dietary attitude and diet-related knowledge. Particularly, dietary habit such as sodium intake can be affected by various dietary behaviors such as food choices, dietary attitude toward salty food and a preference for salty taste. The purpose of this study was to assess sodium-related nutrition knowledge and to identify sodium-related attitude and behaviors according to the level of sodium-related knowledge of university students.
  • Methods
    Anthropometric measurements were provided by 408 students who participated in this study. The study participants answered questionnaires to provide information on general dietary behaviors, sodium-related dietary attitude and other behavioral factors. A total score of nutrition knowledge was used to categorize study participants in to two groups, namely, low level in sodium-related knowledge (LNaK) or high level in sodium-related knowledge (HNaK) and the attitude and the behaviors of students toward sodium intake were compared between these two groups.
  • Results
    The ratio of female students in HNaK group was higher than that in the LNaK group. HNaK group had a higher score in checking nutrition label of processed food than the LNaK group. Total score of sodium-related attitude and behaviors of HNaK group were 34.81 and 32.75, respectively and these scores were significantly higher than that of the LNaK group whose scores were 32.57 and 30.57, respectively. Total energy intake was not different between two groups but the intakes of calcium, vitamin B2 and folate were higher in HNaK group than in the LNaK group. Correlation analysis adjusted for age and gender revealed that total score of sodium-related nutrition knowledge was positively correlated with total score of sodium-related attitude and behaviors.
  • Conclusions
    In conclusion, students who had high level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge had desirable attitude and behaviors toward sodium intake and these results can be considered in nutrition education for university students.
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Table 1

General characteristics of the subjects

kjcn-20-327-i001.jpg

1) Mean±SD

2) Body mass index

3) %

Table 2

Sodium-related nutritional knowledge by the gender of the subjects

kjcn-20-327-i002.jpg

A correct answer for each question got scored 1 point, wrong or non-answer scored 0 point.

1) Mean±SD

Table 3

General characteristics of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

kjcn-20-327-i003.jpg

LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

1) Mean±SD

2) Body mass index

3) %

4) Distribution of BMI within a group were compared between LK and HK by chi-square test

Table 4

Dietary habits of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

kjcn-20-327-i004.jpg

LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge

HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

1) Mean±SD

2) %

Table 5

Sodium-related dietary attitude of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

kjcn-20-327-i005.jpg

LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

Scoring scale: 5(very disagree)~1(very agree) * Reverse recording: 1(very disagree)~5(very agree)

1) Mean±SD

Table 6

Sodium-related dietary behavior of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

kjcn-20-327-i006.jpg

LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

Score scale 5 (very disagree)~1(very agree) * Reverse recording: 1 (very disagree)~5 (very agree)

1) Mean±SD

Table 7

Mean daily energy and nutrient intakes of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

kjcn-20-327-i007.jpg

LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

1) Mean±SD

Table 8

Correlation coefficient of sodium-related nutritional knowledge score with the blood pressure, sodium-related attitude, and behavior score in the subjects

kjcn-20-327-i008.jpg

**: P < 0.01, ***: P < 0.001

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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      A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
      Korean J Community Nutr. 2015;20(5):327-337.   Published online October 31, 2015
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    A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
    A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students

    General characteristics of the subjects

    1) Mean±SD

    2) Body mass index

    3) %

    Sodium-related nutritional knowledge by the gender of the subjects

    A correct answer for each question got scored 1 point, wrong or non-answer scored 0 point.

    1) Mean±SD

    General characteristics of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    1) Mean±SD

    2) Body mass index

    3) %

    4) Distribution of BMI within a group were compared between LK and HK by chi-square test

    Dietary habits of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge

    HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    1) Mean±SD

    2) %

    Sodium-related dietary attitude of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    Scoring scale: 5(very disagree)~1(very agree) * Reverse recording: 1(very disagree)~5(very agree)

    1) Mean±SD

    Sodium-related dietary behavior of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    Score scale 5 (very disagree)~1(very agree) * Reverse recording: 1 (very disagree)~5 (very agree)

    1) Mean±SD

    Mean daily energy and nutrient intakes of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    1) Mean±SD

    Correlation coefficient of sodium-related nutritional knowledge score with the blood pressure, sodium-related attitude, and behavior score in the subjects

    **: P < 0.01, ***: P < 0.001

    Table 1 General characteristics of the subjects

    1) Mean±SD

    2) Body mass index

    3) %

    Table 2 Sodium-related nutritional knowledge by the gender of the subjects

    A correct answer for each question got scored 1 point, wrong or non-answer scored 0 point.

    1) Mean±SD

    Table 3 General characteristics of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    1) Mean±SD

    2) Body mass index

    3) %

    4) Distribution of BMI within a group were compared between LK and HK by chi-square test

    Table 4 Dietary habits of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge

    HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    1) Mean±SD

    2) %

    Table 5 Sodium-related dietary attitude of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    Scoring scale: 5(very disagree)~1(very agree) * Reverse recording: 1(very disagree)~5(very agree)

    1) Mean±SD

    Table 6 Sodium-related dietary behavior of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    Score scale 5 (very disagree)~1(very agree) * Reverse recording: 1 (very disagree)~5 (very agree)

    1) Mean±SD

    Table 7 Mean daily energy and nutrient intakes of the subjects according to the level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge

    LK; a group of low level in sodium-related knowledge, HK; a group of high level in sodium-related knowledge

    1) Mean±SD

    Table 8 Correlation coefficient of sodium-related nutritional knowledge score with the blood pressure, sodium-related attitude, and behavior score in the subjects

    **: P < 0.01, ***: P < 0.001


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