Interpersonal and Community Factors Related to Food Sufficiency and Variety: Analysis of Data from the 2017 Community Health Survey

Jiyoun Hong; Taisun Hyun

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.5.416

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Interpersonal and Community Factors Related to Food Sufficiency and Variety: Analysis of Data from the 2017 Community Health Survey: Jiyoun Hong, Taisun Hyun; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2020;25(5):416-429.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.5.416
Published online: October 31, 2020

¹Doctoral student, Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

²Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

Corresponding author: Taisun Hyun,
Email: taisun@cbnu.ac.kr

Received: 8 October 2020 • Revised: 28 October 2020 • Accepted: 28 October 2020

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Abstract

Objectives
This study examined the personal, interpersonal and community factors related to food sufficiency and variety among Korean adults using data from the 2017 Community Health Survey. Methods A total of 228,310 adults aged ≥ 19 years were classified into three groups: food sufficiency with variety, food sufficiency without variety and food insufficiency. Personal factors included sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior and health status. Interpersonal factors included social networking and social activities, and community factors included safety, natural environment, living environment, availability of public transportation and health care services. The association of food sufficiency and variety with interpersonal and community factors was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results Of the total sample, the food-sufficiency-without-variety group and food insufficiency group accounted for 31.5% and 3.2%, respectively. The sociodemographic factors associated with food insufficiency and non-variety were women, ≥ 65 years of age, with low education level, low household income, unemployed, single, and living in areas of small population sizes. There were significant differences in health behavior and health status, interpersonal and community factors among the three groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses conducted after adjusting for confounding factors showed that lack of social networking and social activities and lower satisfaction derived from community environments were associated with the risk of food insufficiency and non-variety. Conclusions Our results showed that interpersonal and community factors as well as personal factors were related to food sufficiency and variety. Therefore, public policies to help build social networks and participation in social activities, and improve community environment are needed together with food assistance to overcome the problems of food insufficiency and non-variety.

Keywords: food sufficiency; variety; interpersonal factors; community factors

Korean J Community Nutr. 2020 Oct;25(5):416-429. Korean.
Published online Oct 31, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.5.416

Original Article

Interpersonal and Community Factors Related to Food Sufficiency and Variety: Analysis of Data from the 2017 Community Health Survey

Jiyoun Hong

,¹ and Taisun Hyun

Author information

Author notes

- ¹Doctoral student, Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
- ²Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
Corresponding author: Taisun Hyun. Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Korea. Tel: (043) 261-2790, Fax: (043) 267-2742, Email: taisun@cbnu.ac.kr

Received October 08, 2020; Revised October 28, 2020; Accepted October 28, 2020.

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study examined the personal, interpersonal and community factors related to food sufficiency and variety among Korean adults using data from the 2017 Community Health Survey.

Methods

A total of 228,310 adults aged ≥ 19 years were classified into three groups: food sufficiency with variety, food sufficiency without variety and food insufficiency. Personal factors included sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior and health status. Interpersonal factors included social networking and social activities, and community factors included safety, natural environment, living environment, availability of public transportation and health care services. The association of food sufficiency and variety with interpersonal and community factors was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results

Of the total sample, the food-sufficiency-without-variety group and food insufficiency group accounted for 31.5% and 3.2%, respectively. The sociodemographic factors associated with food insufficiency and non-variety were women, ≥ 65 years of age, with low education level, low household income, unemployed, single, and living in areas of small population sizes. There were significant differences in health behavior and health status, interpersonal and community factors among the three groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses conducted after adjusting for confounding factors showed that lack of social networking and social activities and lower satisfaction derived from community environments were associated with the risk of food insufficiency and non-variety.

Conclusions

Our results showed that interpersonal and community factors as well as personal factors were related to food sufficiency and variety. Therefore, public policies to help build social networks and participation in social activities, and improve community environment are needed together with food assistance to overcome the problems of food insufficiency and non-variety.

Keywords

food sufficiency; variety; interpersonal factors; community factors

Figures

Fig. 1
Distribution of the three groups based on food sufficiency and variety by population size of residence

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Tables

Table 1
Sociodemographic characteristics according to food sufficiency and variety

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Table 2
Health behaviors and health status according to food sufficiency and variety

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Table 3
Interpersonal factors according to food sufficiency and variety

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Table 4
Community factors according to food sufficiency and variety

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Table 5
Risk for the food sufficiency without variety and food insufficiency according to interpersonal and community factors

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Agency (research promotion project for investigation of causes and solutions of regional healh disparities)(No. ISSN 2733-5488).

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