Chan-Jung Han; Sun-Young Lim; Eunsuk Oh; Yoon-Hee Choi; Kun-Ho Yoon; Jin-Hee Lee

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.3.207

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Research Article
Needs for Development of IT-based Nutritional Management Program for Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Chan-Jung Han, Sun-Young Lim, Eunsuk Oh, Yoon-Hee Choi, Kun-Ho Yoon, Jin-Hee Lee; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2017;22(3):207-217.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.3.207
Published online: June 30, 2017

¹The Catholic Institute of Ubiquitous Health Care, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

²Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, MizMedi Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

³Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Jin-Hee Lee. The Catholic Institute of Ubiquitous Health Care, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea. Tel: (02) 2258-8298, Fax: (02) 2258-8297, jheelee@catholic.ac.kr

• Received: June 9, 2017 • Revised: June 22, 2017 • Accepted: June 22, 2017

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine self-management status, nutritional knowledge, barrier factors in dietary management and needs of nutritional management program for women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).
Methods
A total of 100 women with GDM were recruited from secondary and tertiary hospitals in Seoul. The questionnaire composed of general characteristics, status of self-management, dietary habits, nutrition knowledge, barrier factors in dietary management, needs for nutrition information contents and nutritional management programs. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. All data were statistically analyzed using student's t-test and chi-square test using SAS 9.3.
Results
About 35% of the subjects reported that they practiced medical nutrition and exercise therapy for GDM control. The main sources of nutrition information were ‘internet (50.0%)’ and ‘expert advice (45.0%)’. More than 70% of the subjects experienced nutrition education. The mean score of nutrition knowledge was 7.5 point out of 10, and only about half of the subjects were reported to be correctly aware of some questions such as ‘the cause of ketosis’, ‘the goal of nutrition management for GDM’, ‘the importance of sugar restriction on breakfast’. The major obstructive factors in dietary management were ‘eating more than planned when dining out’, ‘finding the appropriate menu when dining out’. The preferred nutrition information contents in developing management program were ‘nutritional information of food’, ‘recommended food by major nutrients’, ‘the relationship between blood glucose and food’, ‘tips on menu selection at eating out’. The subjects reported that they need management program such as ‘example of menu by calorie prescription’, ‘recommended weight gain guide’, ‘meal recording and dietary assessment’, ‘expert recommendation’, ‘sharing know-how’.
Conclusions
Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop a program that provide personalized information by identifying the individual characteristics of the subjects and expert feedback function through various information and nutrition information contents that can be used in real life.
Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); needs assessment; IT-based nutritional management program

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2013R1A1A2060843).

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Table 1

General characteristics of the subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) Mean±SD

3) GDM, Gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI, Body Mass Index

4) N (%)

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2

Status of self-management and dietary habits of the subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) N (%)

3) Mean±SD

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 3

Nutrition knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) N (%), percentages of correct answers

3) Mean±SD

Table 4

Barriers factors for dietary management of the study subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) 1=Never, 2=Rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4=Always

3) Mean±SD

Table 5

Needs for nutrition information contents and nutritional management programs

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) 1=Definitely Not Interested, 2=Not Interested, 3=Interested, 4=Definitely Interested

3) Mean±SD

4) N (%)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Needs for Development of IT-based Nutritional Management Program for Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Korean J Community Nutr. 2017;22(3):207-217. Published online June 30, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.3.207

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Needs for Development of IT-based Nutritional Management Program for Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Table 1

General characteristics of the subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) Mean±SD

3) GDM, Gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI, Body Mass Index

4) N (%)

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2

Status of self-management and dietary habits of the subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) N (%)

3) Mean±SD

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 3

Nutrition knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) N (%), percentages of correct answers

3) Mean±SD

Table 4

Barriers factors for dietary management of the study subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) 1=Never, 2=Rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4=Always

3) Mean±SD

Table 5

Needs for nutrition information contents and nutritional management programs

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) 1=Definitely Not Interested, 2=Not Interested, 3=Interested, 4=Definitely Interested

3) Mean±SD

4) N (%)

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 1 General characteristics of the subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) Mean±SD

3) GDM, Gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI, Body Mass Index

4) N (%)

^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2 Status of self-management and dietary habits of the subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) N (%)

3) Mean±SD

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 3 Nutrition knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) N (%), percentages of correct answers

3) Mean±SD

Table 4 Barriers factors for dietary management of the study subjects

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) 1=Never, 2=Rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4=Always

3) Mean±SD

Table 5 Needs for nutrition information contents and nutritional management programs

1) Continuous variables: Calculated using Student's t-test, Categorical variables: Calculated using Chi-square test or fisher's exact test

2) 1=Definitely Not Interested, 2=Not Interested, 3=Interested, 4=Definitely Interested