Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Ho Kyung Ryu

11 Articles

[Korean]
Factors related to adolescent obesity and changes: a cross-sectional study based on the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey: Bora Lee, Ho Kyung Ryu; Korean J Community Nutr 2023;28(5):363-375. Published online October 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.5.363

Objectives
The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with adolescent obesity, as well as any new factors that correlated with a change in the rate of obesity over time.
Methods
The study used 5-yearly data collected by the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey starting from the year 2006 up until 2021 (data from 2nd, 7th, 11th, and 17th surveys were analyzed). Factors such as demographics, dietary factors, health behavioral factors, and mental health factors were studied. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 27.0, employing chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis.
Results
This study included data from a total of 255,200 participants. Factors contributing to obesity varied with time. Over the survey duration of 15 years, low academic achievement, parents with low levels of education, low frequency of fruit consumption, low frequency of fast food intake, long periods of being seated, and high levels of stress were significantly associated with a high rate of obesity. Factors that showed a new correlation with an increase in obesity rates included living with single parents, low frequency of muscle strengthening exercises, and experiencing intense sadness and despair in the past year. Factors that were correlated with a change in obesity rates over time included household economic status, frequency of carbonated beverage consumption, frequency of intense physical activity, and frequency of alcohol consumption. Breakfast intake and smoking were not significantly associated with obesity rates in the 15-year period.
Conclusions
While several factors associated with obesity remained consistent over time, several new factors have emerged in response to social, economic, and environmental changes contributed to a change in obesity rate over time. Therefore, to prevent and manage adolescent obesity, continuous research into the new emergent factors contributing to obesity is needed.

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Effects of watching Mukbang and Cookbang videos on adolescents’ dietary habits and mental health: cross-sectional study using the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Seung-Hee Hong
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(2): 156. CrossRef

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[Korean]
Status of Iodine Intake and Comparison of Characteristics according to Iodine-sourced Food Intake Patterns of Chinese Adults: A Study Encompassing Three Regions with Different Iodine Nutritional Statuses: Danying Zhang, Ho Kyung Ryu; Korean J Community Nutr 2022;27(6):503-514. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2022.27.6.503

Abstract PDF: Objectives
This study examines the status of iodine intake and compares the characteristics (region and thyroid disease prevalence) according to the iodine-sourced food intake pattern in Chinese adults.
Methods
An online survey was conducted by enrolling 437 Chinese adults aged 18-65 years, living in three regions with different iodine nutritional statuses: Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guangdong.
Results
The prevalence of thyroid diseases in Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guangdong were 12.5%, 8.5%, and 2.8%, respectively. Conversely, the proportion of people who received thyroid disease-related examinations was a mere 37.5%. Among the subjects who underwent thyroid examination, the prevalence of thyroid disease in the three regions was 32.2%, 21.8%, and 8.0%, respectively. No differences were obtained in the total iodine intake by region, but the type of iodine source foods differed. Regardless of the region, the highest iodine content was obtained from seaweed. However, the iodine content from iodized salt and other foods differed significantly by region. Factor analysis revealed three food intake patterns according to the iodine food source. The study further determined regional differences and differences in the prevalence of thyroid disease according to food intake patterns.
Conclusions
High salt intake can also increase iodine intake, which is thought to have an effect on the occurrence of iodine-excess thyroid disease. Hence, efforts focused on improving salty eating habits need to be implemented.

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[English]
Association of Low Hand Grip Strength with Protein Intake in Korean Female Elderly: based on the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII), 2016-2018: Won Jang, Ho Kyung Ryu; Korean J Community Nutr 2020;25(3):226-235. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.3.226

Abstract PDF

Objectives
Decreasing muscle strength in old age has become a significant health problem because it increases the risk of falls or fractures and transfers to other diseases. The precise role of dietary protein intake in preventing or reducing muscle weakness is unclear. This study examined the relationship between handgrip strength and protein intake in Korean female elderly.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study that used data from the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) on female subjects aged 65 years and older. Low handgrip strength (LHGS) was defined as a handgrip strength below than 18 kg. Dietary intake data were obtained using the 1-day 24-hour recall method. Multiple regression was performed to test whether there is an independent relationship between the grip strength and protein intake, and the association between protein intake and LHGS was confirmed through multiple logistic regression.
Results
The mean age of the 2,083 elderly females was 73.3 ± 0.1 years, and the prevalence of LHGS was 35% (n=734). Elderly women with an LHGS consumed less energy, total protein, and animal-based protein than those in the normal group. A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for covariate revealed a significant positive association between the handgrip strength and energy, protein, and animal-based protein intake. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) of LHGS in female elderly with the highest quartiles of consumption of energy [OR, 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43- 0.82; P for trend=0.004], and animal-based protein [OR, 0.59; CI, 0.40-0.87; P for trend= 0.037] were significantly lower than those in the lowest quartiles.
Conclusions
The energy intake and animal-based protein intake were negatively associated with the LHGS. These results suggest that adequate energy intake and protein intake, particularly those from animal-based sources, for elderly women in Korea are beneficial in lowering the risk of LHGS.

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Jihye Hong, Hyung-Geun Jeon, Seulgi Kim, Gitae Park
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Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Low Muscle Strength Among Korean Adults
Sunhye Shin
Clinical Nutrition Research.2024; 13(1): 33. CrossRef
Health Outcome Comparison Based on Dietary Inflammatory Levels among Sample of Korean Elderly
Seul-Ki Koo, Hee-Sook Lim
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Low dietary vitamin C intake is associated with low muscle strength among elderly Korean women
Chan Yoon Park, Sunhye Shin
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Macronutrients intake and physical frailty in Korean older adults: A cohort‐based cross‐sectional study
Narae Yang, Yunhwan Lee, Mi Kyung Kim, Kirang Kim
Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2023; 23(7): 478. CrossRef
The effect of combining nutrient intake and physical activity levels on central obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study in South Korea
Jong Eun Park, Seulgi Lee, Kirang Kim
BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship between Anemia with Frailty and Nutritional Intake in Persons Age 65 and Older: The 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Heekyung Jeong, Chaeyoon Lee, So Yoon Han, Young-Jin Ko, Kyoung Jin Kim
Korean Journal of Family Practice.2023; 13(1): 15. CrossRef
Association between seafood intake and frailty according to gender in Korean elderly: data procured from the Seventh (2016–2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Won Jang, Yeji Choi, Jung Hee Cho, Donglim Lee, Yangha Kim
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(2): 155. CrossRef
Association between plant protein intake and grip strength in Koreans aged 50 years or older: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018
Sook-Hyun Jun, Jung Woo Lee, Woo-Kyoung Shin, Seung-Yeon Lee, Yookyung Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(5): 969. CrossRef
Trends in Seafood Consumption and Factors Influencing the Consumption of Seafood Among the Old Adults Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009~2019
Won Jang, Jung-Hee Cho, Donglim Lee, Yangha Kim
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2022; 51(7): 651. CrossRef
Preparation of Mousse Type Pork Patties with Added Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae
Eunji Kim, Nami Joo
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2022; 32(1): 63. CrossRef
Dietary Essential Amino Acid Intake Is Associated with High Muscle Strength in Korean Older Adults
Jihyun Im, Hyoungsu Park, Kyong Park
Nutrients.2022; 14(15): 3104. CrossRef
Handgrip Strength Assessment and Its Associated Factors among Hospitalized Elderly in Klang Valley Hospitals
Khairunisar-E-Rashim Mohammed Yusufirashim, Noraida Omar, Shazli Illyani Mohamad Shafie, Siti Hazimah Nor’hisham
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2022; 18(6): 115. CrossRef
A study on the nutrient intake of the elderly in Korea based on activity limitations: data from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Soyoung Kim, Youngmi Lee
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2022; 55(5): 543. CrossRef
Association between Sarcopenia and Energy and Protein Intakes in Community-dwelling Elderly
Woori Na, Dayoung Oh, Seohyeon Hwang, Bonghee Chung, Cheongmin Sohn
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(4): 286. CrossRef
Dietary phytochemicals as a promising nutritional strategy for sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Hye Yun Jeong, Oran Kwon
Applied Biological Chemistry.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effect of Interaction between Obesity and Grip Strength on Health-Related Quality of Life in Elderly: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018)
Seungjae Hyun, Darae Woo, Sangshin Park
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(1): 28. CrossRef
Nutritional Status according to the Frailty Status of the Elderly at Home in Seo-gu, Gwangju, Korea
Ye Eun Kim, Young-Ran Heo
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(5): 382. CrossRef

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[English]
Analysis of Factors Affecting Breakfast Eating Behavior of Children in Indonesia: An Application of the Health Belief Model: Ran Yi Kang, Soo Jin Lee, Ho Kyung Ryu; Korean J Community Nutr 2020;25(1):1-12. Published online February 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.1.1

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

OBJECTIVES
This study investigates the current state of consuming breakfast among elementary school students residing in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, and to identify factors that influence breakfast behavior.
METHODS
The research model was set up as per the health belief model, and slightly modified by adding the subjective normative factors of the theory of planned behavior. The survey was conducted from July 17 to August 15, 2017 using a questionnaire, after receiving the permission PNU IRB (2017_60_HR).
RESULTS
The subjects were 77 boys (49.4%) and 79 girls (50.6%) suffering from malnutrition with anemia (21.2%) and stunting ratio of Height for Age Z Score (HAZ) (11.5%). Furthermore, moderate weakness (14.8%) and overweight and obesity (12.3%) by Body Mass Index for Age Z Score (BMIZ) were coexistent. According to the results obtained for breakfast, 21.8% did not eat breakfast before school, with 18.8% of the reasons for skipping breakfast being attributed to lack of food. Even for subjects partaking breakfast, only about 10% had a good balanced diet. The average score of behavioral intention on eating breakfast was 2.60 Â± 0.58. The perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy of the health belief model correlated with breakfast behavior. Of these, self-efficacy (Î²=0.447, RÂ²=0.200) and perceived sensitivity (Î²=0.373, RÂ²=0.139) had the greatest effect on breakfast behavior. Mother was the largest impact person among children.
CONCLUSIONS
In order to increase the level of breakfast behavior intention among children surveyed in Indonesia, we determined the effectiveness by focus on education which helps the children recognize to be more likely to get sick when they don't have breakfast, and increase their confidence in ability to have breakfast on their own. We believe there is a necessity to seek ways to provide indirect intervention through mothers, as well as impart direct nutrition education to children.

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Analysis of the factors that influence preschool children eating behavior by applying the health belief model: Seoul and Gyeonggi Province
Sung-Mi Cha, Soo-Youn Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(3): 541. CrossRef
Evaluation of dietary behavior and investigation of the affecting factors among preschoolers in Busan and Gyeongnam area using nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P)
Soo-Youn Kim, Sung-Mi Cha
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(6): 596. CrossRef
Psychoactive substance use among Chinese non-engaged youth: The application of the Health Belief Model
Phoenix Kit-han Mo, Joseph Tak Fai Lau
Children and Youth Services Review.2020; 113: 105008. CrossRef

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[English]
A Study of the Sustainability of NutriPlus Program Effect - in Pohang Area -: Ji Hye Kang, Ho Kyung Ryu; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(2):206-214. Published online April 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.2.206

Abstract PDF PubReader

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the NutriPlus+ Program and to observe how the improved statuses were maintained after the program's termination. The subjects were infants and their parents, who have participated in the NutriPlus+ Program conducted by South Healthcare Center in Po-hang for longer than six months, during the period 2007 - 2010. The survey was conducted with questionnaires, and scores were tabulated from each question. After the intervention of the program, scores representing degrees of nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude increased. The rate of nutritional risk by anthropometric measurement decreased, and the prevalence rate of anemia was significantly decreased as well. The number of subjects lacking any nutrients, except for iron and vitamin C, decreased, which indicates that the NutriPlus+ Program was effective. After enough time had passed after the intervention's completion; however, the scores of nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude decreased. The number of subjects with low height and weight (proportional to their age) relatively decreased, and the prevalence rate of anemia increased slightly. The number of subjects lacking in energy and calcium consumption increased as well, which indicates that the effect of the NutriPlus+ Program was not maintained after the program's termination.

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Study on the correlation between nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes of guardians, and nutritional status of infants and toddlers - Nutrition-Plus program in Jeonju
Eun Young Song, Jeong Ok Rho
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(3): 242. CrossRef
A Research on the Health Care and the Demand for Visiting Health Care Services for Vulnerable Children in Comparison with Non-vulnerable Children in a Region
Hye Kyung Nam
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2016; 30(3): 556. CrossRef
Changes of Knowledges and Attitudes on Nutrition after 'NutriPlus Program', part of Convergence Education
Mi-Sun Jang, Hyun-Hee Park, Eun-Hee Park, Hae-Ryoung Park
Journal of Digital Convergence.2015; 13(5): 385. CrossRef
The Cost-Benefit Analysis of the NutriPlus Program in Daejeon Dong-gu Health Center
Hyun Ju Kim, Sung Han Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2015; 28(4): 717. CrossRef
The Effect of NutriPlus Program among 1-5 Year Children in Daejeon Area - The Improvement in Nutritional Status of Children and Nutrition Knowledge and Attitude of Parents -
Seon-A Park, Eun-Young Yoon
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(1): 1. CrossRef
A Study on Classification of Obesity for Koreans based on the Articles in the Korean Journal of Community Nutrition - Articles Enlisted from 1996 to 2011 -
Youngnam Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(5): 525. CrossRef

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[English]
A Study on Body Image Perception and Eating Disorders by Birth-Place and the Length of Residence in USA in Korean American College Students: Ho Kyung Ryu, Isobel R Contento; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(1):113-125. Published online February 28, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.1.113

Abstract PDF PubReader

This study was conducted to compare the body image perception, weight control experiences and the eating disorders according to where they were born, and the length of residence in USA among Korean-American college students. Three hundred college students participated in the study: 144 males and 156 females, 122 America-born (AB) and 171 Korea-born (KB) who live in New York City and New Jersey. Subjects responded to a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that the ratio of overweight (23.2%) and obesity (26.8%) of males was higher than females' (16.1% and 6.3%, respectively). There were no significant differences according to born-place or the length of residence in USA of KB. People who had tried to control their weight were 58%. The ratio of weight control experiences of females (72.4%) was higher than males' (42.4%) as well as people who were normal or underweight than who were overweight or obesity. There were no significant differences according to born-place or the length of the residence in the USA of KB. In body image perception, the subjects who were normal and underweight overestimated their body figure, and the subjects who were overweight and obese underestimated their body figure. The desired and ideal figure of female students was significantly thinner than the current figure and also that of male students. There were no significant differences according to born-place or the length of the residence in USA of KB. The ratio of eating disorder was 8.7%, and females had higher percentage than males. And shorter they lived in USA, the percentage of eating disorder was higher.

Citations

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A Comparative Study of Dietary and Weight Control Behavior of Female College Students in Korea and China
Li Song, Na Young An, Ho Kyung Ryu
The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2015; 26(4): 761. CrossRef
The Associations between Discordance of Body Image and Physical Activities among Adults Aged 19 to 64 Years: Based on the Data from 2010 Community Health Survey
In Ae Chun, So Yeon Ryu, Jong Park, Mi Ah Han, Seong Woo Choi, Dae Sik Ko
The Korean Journal of Obesity.2014; 23(4): 274. CrossRef
The differences of dietary and health-related habits, depression, eating disorder and nutrient intake according to the life stress in nursing college students
Myung-Sook Park, Kyung-Ae Park
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(1): 344. CrossRef
The Study of the Weight Control Experiences, Body Image Perception and Eating Disorder Status of High School Students in Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
Wen Jing Yu, Ho Kyung Ryu
The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2013; 24(4): 447. CrossRef
The Effect of Height on Body Weight Estimation by the Photo in Internet Users and Experts
Young-Jin Tak, Yun-Jin Kim, Sang-Yeoup Lee, Jeong-Gyu Lee, Dong-Wook Jung, Yu-Hyeon Yi, Young-Hye Cho, Eun-Jung Choi, Byung-Mann Cho
The Korean Journal of Obesity.2013; 22(1): 50. CrossRef
A Study o f the Body Weight Perception, Living Habits and Food Intake Frequency by Residence Type in Female College Students of Chenbuk Area
Eun-Sook Park
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2013; 22(1): 215. CrossRef

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[English]
A Comparative Study of Nutrient Intakes and Health Status with Body Size and Weight Control Experience in Adolescent Females: Ho Kyung Ryu, Jin Sook Yoon; Korean J Community Nutr 2000;5(3):444-451. Published online September 30, 2000

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to investigate how body size and weight control experience affect the nutrient intakes and the health status of adolescent females. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires with 463 female high school and college students in Daegu. Analysis of data was done by using a t-test, and ANOVA with the SAS computer program. The average height, weight and BMI of the subjects were 161.2 cm, 53.4 kg, and 20.51 kg/m2 respectively. However, 25.1% of the subjects belonged to the underweight group when we divided the subjects into 3 groups- underweight, normal-weight, overweight-according to their present body size. The average Fe intake of the subjects was less than 50% of the Korean recommended dietary allowances. The dietary intakes of energy and Vit. A were significantly higher in the underweight group than in other groups. However, no significant differences among body size groups were observed in the dietary habit score and the nutritional knowledge score. It also appeared that the dietary habit score and the nutritional knowledge score of the weight control attemptees were worse than those of the non-attemptees. The physical health status of the subjects significantly differed according to weight control experience, and the psychological health status of the subjects differed with present body size. The physical health condition of the weight control attemptees was worse than the non-attemptees. and the psychological health condition of the overweight group was worse than other groups. The results indicated that unnecessary weight control in adolescent females induces unhealthy food behavior which is linked to undesirable health status.

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[English]
A Study of Perception about Body Image in Adolescent Females: In Daegu City: Ho Kyung Ryu, Jin Sook Yoon; Korean J Community Nutr 1999;4(4):554-560. Published online December 31, 1999

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to find adolescent females perception of body image. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires with 463 female school and college students in Daegu. Analysis of data was done using t-test, and ANOVA with the SAS computer program. The average height, weight and BMI of the subjects were 161.2cm, 53.4kg and 20.51kg/m2. It appeared that 33.3% of the subjects were off the normal range of body weight ; in particular 25.1% of the subjects were under weight. While the subjects' perception of their own current body image was not distorted, they were dissatisfied with their body image because they wanted a very thin figure. Subjects were divided into 3 groups -underweight, normal weight, overweight-according to their current body size. Their perceptions of ideal and desired figures differed significantly between the groups, but they thought a thinner figure than normal body image as ideal and desired body image even in overweight group. As a result, dissatisfaction of body image in the overweight group was significantly larger than the normal-weight group, and that of the normal-weight group was larger than the underweight group. Percentages of weight control attempt were 51.7% and 64.7% in the normal weight and underweight subjects, respectively. Subjects were divided into 2 groups according to their weight control experience : those who have attempted, and who have not attempted. Weight control attemptees had a higher level of dissatisfaction with their body image than non-attemptees, both because weight control attemptees were fatter, and they perceived a thinner figure as an ideal and as a desired body image thin non-attemptees. From the results of this study, we confirmed that one of reasons of excessive weight control behavior among adolescent females was distorted perception about ideal body image.

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[English]
A Study of Factors Influencing Weight Control Behavior in Adolescent Females: Ho Kyung Ryu, Jin Sook Yoon, Dong Yean Park; Korean J Community Nutr 1999;4(4):561-567. Published online December 31, 1999

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to provide information about weight control behavior in adolescent females. To explain the behavior intention of dieting, conceptual framework based on "Social Support, Control and the Stress Process Model" and "Theory of Reasoned Action" was used. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires with 463 female high school and college students in Daegu. Analysis of data was done using mean, correlation and multiple regression analysis with the SAS computer program. A society preoccupied with thinness gives a burden to women, and this burden may stress dissatisfaction with body image. Social perception of ideal body image except parents' perception, and salient others' perception, and salient others' expectation of subjects' body image except parents' expectation, were much thinner than normal figures in this study. The influencing factors for behavior intention of dieting of the subjects were perceived stress and attitude toward diet behavior, especially beliefs of behavioral outcome. Influencing factors related to perceived stress-that is dissatisfaction of body image-were current figure, social perception of body image, effect of mass communication and others' estimation of subjects' body image with self-comparison with others, in order.

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[English]
Relations of Perception of Obesity and Experiences of Weigh Control and Body Image in High School Students: Ho Kyung Ryu, Jin Sook Toon; Korean J Community Nutr 1998;3(2):202-209. Published online May 31, 1998

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among pereption of obesity, experience of weight control control and satisfaction with body image in adolescence. The subjects were 221 high school students(91 boys, 130 grils), aged 16.7 years living in a rural area. To determine the perception of obesity, knowledge about obesity, belidfs about obese people, and attitudes towards obese people were measured. The results were as follows: There was high correlation between beliefs about obese people and attitudes toward obese people. When the perception of obesity was compared by sex, girls had significantly more accurate knowledge, stronger beliefs that obesity couldn't be controlled by oneself, the higher the eating disturbance score was. It also appeared that BMI was positively correlated with the positive attitude towards obese people.

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[English]
A Survey of Adolescents' Concern and Perception about Body Image: Ho Kyung Ryu; Korean J Community Nutr 1997;2(2):197-205. Published online May 31, 1997

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to investigate adolescents' body size and their concerns and perceptions about body image. Group means of heights and weights were 171.5cm and 60.3kg for boys and 159.3cm and 52.3Kg for girls. Body Mass Index(BMI) of the subjects were 20.5 for boys and 20.6 for girls. Only 11.5% of subjects were overweight or obese, however 42.5% of subjects had experienced weight control, and the main reason for weight control was to lose weight(80.6%). In concern for body image and frequency of eating distrubance ; females had more concern than males, the group who had attempted weight control had more concern than those who had not, and the group who were overweight had more concern than those who were under and normal weight. In perception about body image, using a set of nine figure drawings arranged from very thin to very heavy figures, subjects rated their current figure, considered figure(how they appeared to others), ideal figure, and attractive figure. For boys, the current, ideal, and most attractive figures were almost identical, but for girls, the ideal figure was significantly thinner than current figure and attractive figure was significantly thinner than current figure. The greater the preference for thinner figure as idal and attractive figure, the higher the concern for body image and frequency of eating distrubance. Thus it seems that a distorted perception of ideal body size affects adolescents' concern for body image and eating behaviors.

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