Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Volume 19(1); February 2014

Original Articles

[English]
Evaluation of Food Behavior and Nutritional Status of Preschool Children in Nowon-gu of Seoul by Using Nutrition Quotient (NQ): Jung Hee Kim, Yeon Hyang Jung; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):1-11. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.1

The objectives of this study were to assess food behavior and nutritional status of preschool children by using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ) for children and children's growth index. The subjects for this study were 424, 5-year old children, who enrolled in child-care centers (n = 219) and kindergartens (n = 205) in Nowon-gu, Seoul. The NQ was examined by NQ questionnaire which consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items. Their items were grouped into 5 categories: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. Children's anthropometric measurements were performed by using InBody J05. All data were statistically analyzed by SAS 9.3 and significant difference was evaluated by Student's t-test and X2-test. The rates of overweight and obesity for subjects were 11.1% and 3.3%, respectively. Total NQ score of the subjects was 65.1, which was within medium grade. The NQ score of kindergartens (66.1) was higher than that of child-care center (64.2), showing significant difference by institution type. In addition, the NQ score of obesity was significantly lower than that of normal weight subjects. The scores of balance (p < 0.05) and regularity factor (p < 0.001) were higher in kindergarten compared to child-care center. Particularly, the frequency of consumption of white milk and Ramyeon was higher (p < 0.001) and lower (p < 0.05) respectively in kindergarten compared to child-care center. Frequencies of meal regularity (P < 0.01) and breakfast eating (p < 0.001) were also higher in kindergarten compared to child-care center. These results indicate that kindergarten's children had better eating habits than those of child-care center. Overall analysis of items for food behavior checklists implies that children in Nowon-gu are short of vegetables consumption. Therefore, children and their parents need proper nutrition education and counseling to correct their eating habits and to improve their nutritional status.

Citations

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Sung-Mi Cha, Soo-Youn Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(3): 541. CrossRef
Diet-Related Disparities and Childcare Food Environments for Vulnerable Children in South Korea: A Mixed-Methods Study
Jiyoung Park, Seolhyang Baek, Gahui Hwang, Chongwon Park, Sein Hwang
Nutrients.2023; 15(8): 1940. CrossRef
Screen time, mealtime media use, and dietary behaviors in Korean preschoolers: a cross-sectional study
Young-Hee Han, Saerom Shin, Eun Yeol Woo, Hye-Kyung Park, Taisun Hyun
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(3): 206. CrossRef
Nutritional status and dietary behavior of North Korean adolescent refugees based on Nutrition Quotient for Korean adolescents: a preliminary study
Young Goh, Seong-Woo Choi, So-Yeong Kim, Jeong-Hwa Choi
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(1): 1. CrossRef
Dietary Behavior and Related Factors of Preschool Children in Seocheon-gun, Korea
Seung-Lim Lee, Sun-Im Won
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2022; 32(1): 34. CrossRef
Association between Picky Eating Behavior, Growth, and Dietary Practices in Preschool Children
Jisun Kim, Sukyoung Kang, Seunghee Kye
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(1): 1. CrossRef
Evaluation of dietary behaviors of preschool children in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do associated with the level of parents' health consciousness: using nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P)
Soo-Youn Kim, Sung-Mi Cha
Nutrition Research and Practice.2021; 15(2): 248. CrossRef
Evaluation of dietary behavior and investigation of the affecting factors among preschoolers in Busan and Gyeongnam area using nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P)
Soo-Youn Kim, Sung-Mi Cha
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(6): 596. CrossRef
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Taejung Woo, Kyung-Hea Lee
Nutrition Research and Practice.2019; 13(2): 169. CrossRef
Assessment of dietary behaviors among preschoolers in Daejeon: using Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers (NQ-P)
Hye-Jin Lee, Jin Hee Kim, SuJin Song
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(2): 194. CrossRef
Analysis of the types of eating behavior affecting the nutrition of preschool children: using the Dietary Behavior Test (DBT) and the Nutrition Quotient (NQ)
Hyeon Mi Sim, Youngshin Han, Kyung A Lee
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(6): 604. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Teacher-Led Nutritional Lessons in Altering Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status in Preschool Children: Adoption of a NASA Mission X-Based Program
Jieun Kim, Gilsook Kim, Jinah Park, Youfa Wang, Hyunjung Lim
Nutrients.2019; 11(7): 1590. CrossRef
Relationships between Obesity and Dietary Habits of Preschool Children and Their Parents in Dongducheon Based on the Nutrition Quotient (NQ)
Ji-Myung Kim, Hye Jeong Song, Young Ji Ahn
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(3): 216. CrossRef
Evaluation of Dietary Behavior among Preschooler in Jecheon Area Using Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers
Sung Hee Min
Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2018; 34(4): 413. CrossRef
Evaluation of Dietary Behavior of Infants and Toddlers in Ganghwa County by Using Nutrition Quotient (NQ)
Eun-mi Kim
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(1): 17. CrossRef
Comparison of Nutritional Status and Eating Behavior of Korean and Chinese Children using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ)
Hua Ling, Hokyung Ryu
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(1): 22. CrossRef
Child health promotion program in South Korea in collaboration with US National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Improvement in dietary and nutrition knowledge of young children
Hyunjung Lim, JiEun Kim, Youfa Wang, Jungwon Min, Nubia A. Carvajal, Charles W. Lloyd
Nutrition Research and Practice.2016; 10(5): 555. CrossRef
Evaluation of Nutrition Quotient and Related Factors in Preschool Children
Yeon Hyang Jung, Jung Hee Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(1): 1. CrossRef
Age difference in association between obesity and Nutrition Quotient scores of preschoolers and school children
Joo-Mee Bae, Myung-Hee Kang
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(6): 447. CrossRef
Evaluation of Eating Behavior and Nutritional Status Using the Nutrition Quotient in Obese Children
Hee-Sook Lim, Soon-Kyung Kim, Yoon-Hyung Park, Young-Lim Shin
The Korean Journal of Obesity.2016; 25(4): 225. CrossRef
Development of nutrition quotient for Korean preschoolers (NQ-P): Item selection and validation of factor structure
Jung-Sug Lee, Myung-Hee Kang, Tong-Kyung Kwak, Hae Rang Chung, Sehyug Kwon, Hye-Young Kim, Ji-Yun Hwang, Young-Sun Choi
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(5): 378. CrossRef
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Children in Community Child Center by Nutrition Quotient(NQ) - Gyeongiu -
Na-Hyung Kim
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(1): 73. CrossRef
Evaluation of dietary behavior and nutritional status of elementary school students in Jeju using nutrition quotient
Mi Na Boo, Su Kyung Cho, Kyong Park
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(4): 335. CrossRef
Evaluation of nutrient intake and food variety by age in Korean adolescents: Based on 2010~2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yun-Jung Bae
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(3): 236. CrossRef
The Association between Children's Dietary Behavior and Temperament & Character
Nam-Hee Kim, Mi-Hyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2014; 27(6): 979. CrossRef
A study on dietary habits, nutrient intakes and dietary quality in adults of a health screening and promotion center according to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Ji Ho Chang, Hye Seung Lee, Eun Hee Kang
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2014; 47(5): 330. CrossRef
The Effects of Low-sodium Diet Education Program on Dietary Habits, Diet Quality and Obesity Index in Overweight and Obese Middle-aged Women
Soo Bin Jeong, Seoyun Park, Sohyun Ahn, Jin Nam Kim, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(6): 513. CrossRef
Comparison of food and nutrient intake between weekday and weekend for elementary and middle school students by gender in Busan and some parts of Kyungsangnamdo
Mi Jeong Kim
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2013; 46(4): 332. CrossRef
Nutritional Status, Quality of Diet and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women with Mild Climacteric Symptoms Based on Food Group Intake Patterns
Okhwa Lee, Jinkyung Kim, Hansongyi Lee, Ryowon Choue
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(1): 69. CrossRef
Evaluation of Nutrient Intake and Anthropometric Parameters related to Obesity in Korean Female Adolescents according to Dietary Diversity Score: From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2007-2009
Yun-Jung Bae
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(4): 419. CrossRef

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[English]
Relationships among Serum Adiponectin, Leptin and Vitamin D Concentrations and the Metabolic Syndrome in Farmers: Seo Eun Yeon, Hee Ryoung Son, Jung Sook Choi, Eun Kyung Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):12-26. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.12

Abstract PDF PubReader

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among serum adiponectin, leptin and vitamin D concentrations and the metabolic syndrome in Korean farmers. 105 (26 males, 79 females) farmers (39~78 years, mean age 59.4 +/- 9.6 years) in Gangwon - area were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical blood analysis of subjects were carried out. The prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyper LDL-cholesterolemia, metabolic syndrome were 51.9%, 65.7%, 49.5%, 15.3%, 17.3%, 13.5%, 11.5% and 40.9%, respectively. Serum adiponectin and leptin levels (8.90 microg/ml and 12.6 ng/ml) of females were significantly higher than those (6.49 microg/ml and 4.88 ng/ml) of males. But there was no significant difference in 25(OH)vitamin D concentration between males (15.4 ng/ml) and females (16.9 ng/ml). In the subjects with metabolic syndrome, the adiponectin levels were significantly lower and leptin levels were significantly higher than those of the subjects without metabolic syndrome. Serum adiponectin level had positive correlations with HDL-cholesterol level (r = 0.325, p < 0.001), but showed negative correlations with triglyceride and fasting blood glucose concentrations, body weight and waist/hip circumference ratio (r = -0.202 ~ -0.317, p < 0.05). Serum leptin and 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with body fat (kg, %) and BMI, waist and hip circumferences (r = 0.244 ~ 0.682, p < 0.001). The results of this study suggested that adiponectin and leptin levels could be credible indices to predict chronic diseases in farmers. However, further research on vitamin D should be carried out considering another factors.

Citations

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Association of Serum Adiponectin Biomarker with Metabolic Syndrome Components in Koreans with Extremely High HDL Cholesterol Levels in General Health Checkup
Hyun Suk Yang, Gun-Hyuk Lee, Donghwan Kim, Kyeong Ryong Lee, Mina Hur
Metabolites.2022; 12(11): 1086. CrossRef
The Measurements of the Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) and the Accuracy of RMR Predictive Equations for Korean Farmers
Hee-Ryoung Son, Seo-Eun Yeon, Jung-Sook Choi, Eun-Kyung Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(6): 568. CrossRef

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[English]
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Nutrition Counseling for Adults with Risk Factors for Dyslipidemia: Tae Young Nam, Jung Hee Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):27-40. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.27

Abstract PDF PubReader

Dyslipidemia is a component of the metabolic syndrome and a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Nutrition counseling is important to improve dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition counseling in adults with risk factors for dyslipidemia diagnosed by the national health screening program. The nutrition counseling for adults with risk factors for dyslipidemia was carried out at a public health center in Gyeonggi-do. Thirty four patients out of forty five participants in the program completed the nutrition counseling program. The nutrition counseling was provided 3 times during a 12-week period. Individualized nutrition counseling to improve dietary habits was conducted after examining participants' dietary intake through questionnaires about dietary habits and whether they practice dietary guidelines. Data about serum lipid profiles, body composition, nutrition knowledge, the practice of dietary guidelines, and dietary behavior were collected before and after nutrition counseling to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition counseling. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS program (Korea ver.18.0) and significant difference was evaluated by paired t-test and chi(2)-test. Body weight, body fat and WHR were significantly decreased after nutrition counseling. Total-cholesterol, TG, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly decreased but HDL-cholesterol did not show significant changes. Both scores of nutrition knowledge and the practice of dietary guidelines improved significantly (p < 0.001). This study shows that nutrition counseling helps to encourage healthy eating practices and to improve serum lipid profiles of adults with risk factors for dyslipidemia. Overall, results indicated that nutrition counseling resulted in positive changes to lower the reliance on medications. Therefore, nutrition counseling should be considered for the initial treatment of dyslipidemia.

Citations

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Facilitators and barriers to achieving dietary and physical activity goals: focus group interviews with city bus drivers and counseling dietitians
Yongmin Jo, Suhyeun Cho, Young-Hee Han, Taisun Hyun
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(5): 376. CrossRef
Comparison of Health Behaviors and Nutritional Status related to Dyslipidemia in Korean Middle-Aged Adults - From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2007~2010 -
Myung-Gon Shin, Ki-Hong Yoon, Mi-Young Song
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(5): 724. CrossRef
Development of Job Standards for Clinical Nutrition Therapy for Dyslipidemia Patients
Min-Jae Kang, Jung-Sook Seo, Eun-Mi Kim, Mi-Sun Park, Mi-Hye Woo, Dal-Lae Ju, Gyung-Ah Wie, Song-Mi Lee, Jin-A Cha, Cheong-Min Sohn
Clinical Nutrition Research.2015; 4(2): 76. CrossRef
Short-term Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention Program on Eating Behaviors, Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risks in Korean Adults
Jiyeon Park, Hyekyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2014; 31(4): 37. CrossRef

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[English]
Diet-Related Behaviors and Food Preference of Indonesian: Chan Yoon Park, Sung Nim Han; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):41-50. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.41

Abstract PDF PubReader

As Korea is moving toward multicultural society, the number of Muslim, whose religion has a great influence on diet-related behaviors, is increasing in Korea. Since the number of immigrants from Indonesia ranks within top ten in Korea and Indonesia is one of the most representative Islamic countries in Asia, understanding the diet-related behaviors and food preferences of Indonesians is needed. This study was conducted to investigate diet-related behaviors, factors affecting the diet-related perceptions, and food preferences of the Indonesians. The subjects included 500 Indonesians dwelling in Jakarta, Indonesia. About ninety % of the subjects in this study were Muslims. They did not eat pork and dog meat for religious reason and they practiced fasting during Ramadan period. Indonesians avoided pineapple, durian, and hot foods during pregnancy and usually ate vegetables and fruits after birth, which seemed to be due to sociocultural influence. Among the subjects, 21.5% were obese and major health problems reported were hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Their preference for fried food items might have contributed to health problems. Subjects had meals mostly at home (2.3 times/day) and dined out occasionally (1.2 times/ week) at Indonesian restaurants (56.6%) or family restaurants (21.0%). In conclusion, Indonesians had home-based and native food-oriented dietary life with strong religious and sociocultural influence on food choices. Further research on specific nutrient intake analysis is needed to better understand and to improve dietary life of Indonesians in Korea.

Citations

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Analysis of eating behavior of Indonesian women from multicultural and non-multicultural families
Ulya Ardina, Su-In Yoon, Jin Ah Cho
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2024; 57(2): 228. CrossRef

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1 Crossref

[English]
Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process in Analyzing the Priorities of Strategy for Improving the Army Military Foodservice: Seung Hee Baek; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):51-59. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.51

Abstract PDF PubReader

The current exploratory study presents the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a potential decision-making method to obtain the relative weights of alternatives through pairwise comparison in the context of hierarchical structure. The aim of this study was to elicit prior strategy to improve army military foodservice. Content analysis and seven times of in-depth interview from 13 officers of the Ministry of National Defense were conducted to develop the hierarchical structure for AHP analysis. Questionnaires were distributed to 61 foodservice managers and 39 dietitian and military foodservice officers. The highest-ranked strategy for improving military foodservice was the 'renewal of the kitchen facilities' (0.2578), followed by 'enlargement of foodservice operating staffs' (0.2345), 'specialization of sanitation & foodservice management' (0.2222), 'Practical foodservice budget control' (0.1394), and 'menu variety & standardized recipe' (0.1281). 'Enlargement of foodservice facilities' (0.3995), 'increase the no. of kitchen police' (0.3463), 'sanitary & cooking training reinforcement of kitchen police' (0.4445), 'management of foodservice budget by total amount' (0.5043), and 'standardization of mass cooking' (0.3571) were the highest overweight item in each strategy. The study also compared the relative weights of alternatives of foodservice managers with that of dietitians and military foodservice officers. Those two groups revealed some difference in their priority of important strategy regarding army military foodservice. The results of this study would provide the data for making a policy or compilation of the budget regarding army military foodservice.

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Analysis of Perception and Satisfaction of Military Foodservice that are Provided According to the Ranks of the Soldiers
Jun-Hee Kim, Se-Jeong Bae
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(1): 53. CrossRef

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[English]
Job Satisfaction, Work Performance, Work Satisfaction, Perceived Needs and Self-Evaluation of Knowledge and Skills of Nutrition Teachers in Gyeonggi Area: Jae Yeon Lim, Kyung Won Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):60-70. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.60

Abstract PDF PubReader

The purpose of the study was to examine job satisfaction, work performance, work satisfaction, perceived needs and self-evaluation of knowledge and skills of nutrition teachers. Survey questionnaire was administered to 106 nutrition teachers in schools of Gyeonggi area. Subjects were categorized into high- or low-job satisfaction group, and study variables were examined by job satisfaction group. Overall job satisfaction was high, with a mean score of 14.9 out of 20. High-job satisfaction group had more favorable perception regarding human relations and workplace atmosphere compared to the counterparts (p < 0.001). Work performance, examined by 12 items, was not significantly different between the two groups. However, satisfaction regarding specific work of nutrition teachers was significantly different by job satisfaction (p < 0.001). High-job satisfaction group responded that they had more knowledge and skills in areas such as food purchase management, food sanitation and safety management, equipment and facility management, nutrition education, nutrition counseling (p < 0.01), and general management & marketing (p < 0.05). High-job satisfaction group also indicated that nutrition teachers need to have more knowledge and skills than the counterparts, regarding food purchase management (p < 0.001), nutrition education (p < 0.01), nutrition counseling, general management and marketing, and teaching practices (p < 0.05). In addition, study results showed significant positive correlations among study variables. This study suggested that job satisfaction of nutrition teachers might be increased by having favorable human relations and workplace atmosphere, increasing satisfaction with specific work of nutrition teachers, and by increasing the knowledge and skills required for the work of nutrition teachers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of Job Description of Nutrition Teacher by the DACUM Method
Ji-Hee Kim, Jin-A Cha
Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2016; 22(3): 193. CrossRef
Status and Need Assessment on Nutrition & Dietary Life Education among Nutrition Teachers in Elementary, Middle and High Schools
Na Gyeong Oh, Su Jin Gwon, Kyung Won Kim, Cheong Min Sohn, Hae Ryun Park, Jung Sook Seo
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(2): 152. CrossRef
Study on Current Nutrition Education and Effective Education Plan for Nutrition Teachers in Kyeonggi Region
Seong Yeong Kim
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2016; 26(2): 181. CrossRef

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[English]
Implementation and Evaluation of Nutrition Capacity Training Program for Dietitians and Related Professionals Working at Customized Home Visiting Health Services: Sook Bae Kim, Jin Sook Yoon, Kyung Won Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):71-83. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.71

Abstract PDF PubReader

The purpose of the study was to implement and evaluate a nutrition capacity training program for dietitians and other professionals working at customized home visiting health services (CHVHS). This program focused on nutrition services for hypertension or diabetes mellitus patients including topics regarding CHVHS, and composed of 10 sessions with lectures, discussion and practice. Dietitians (n = 54) and other professionals (n = 20) participated in the program and completed the questionnaire to assess their understanding of nutritional management, nutrition services and CHVHS before and after the program, and to examine program satisfaction and education needs. Subjects were mostly women (98.6%) and college or university graduates (93.2%). Total score (p < 0.001), as well as all items (p < 0.001 or p < 0.01) of understanding regarding nutritional management, nutrition services and CHVHS, were significantly increased after the program both in dietitians and in other professionals. Subjects were generally satisfied with the program, showing more satisfaction with items regarding subject's participation, acquiring new knowledge, usefulness of the program for CHVHS, and education materials. In future nutrition capacity training programs, subjects wanted to have classes regarding nutrition services for specific chronic diseases, development of education materials, methods for dietary life education, modifying eating habits and so on. Other professionals compared to dietitians, showed higher education needs in meal management (p < 0.01) and nutrition counseling skills (p < 0.05). This study showed the effectiveness of a nutrition capacity training program for home-visiting dietitians and other professionals, and suggests the need and direction for future nutrition capacity training programs.

Citations

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Sodium Related Recognition, Dietary Attitude and Education Needs of Dietitians Working at Customized Home Visiting Health Service
Yun-Jeong Mo, Sook-Bae Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(6): 558. CrossRef
Evaluation of Nutrition Education for Hypertension Patients Aged 50 Years and Over
Eun Hye Moon, Kyung Won Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2011; 16(1): 62. CrossRef

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[English]
Association of Food and Nutrient Intakes with Periodontitis by Smoking Status among Korean Adults: Sunghee Kim, Areum Yu, Yoon Jung Yang; Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(1):84-94. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.1.84

Abstract PDF PubReader

Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity, and this is the leading cause of loss of teeth. Studies on the association between diet and periodontal diseases are very limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between food and nutrient intakes and the prevalence of periodontitis. Subjects were 13,391 adults participating in the 2008-2010 Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontitis was diagnosed by dentists using the Community Periodontal Index. Nutrient intakes were estimated by the 24-hour dietary recall. Consumption frequencies of foods were from the food frequency questionnaire. Subjects were categorized into 'smoking' or 'non-smoking' groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the association between diet and periodontitis. The proportions of subjects having periodontitis were 26% in the non-smoking group and 37.5% in the smoking group. In the non-smoking group, intakes of fruits, dairy products, green tea, energy and vitamin C were inversely associated with the prevalence of periodontitis, but fish and coffee intakes were positively associated with the prevalence of periodontitis after adjusting for covariates. In the smoking group, protein and retinol intakes were inversely associated with the prevalence of periodontitis after adjusting for covariates. These results suggest that certain food and nutrient intakes such as fruits, dairy products, green tea, vitamin C, protein, or retinol intakes may affect the prevalence of periodontitis among Korean adults. Further studies are required to confirm these findings in other research settings.

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Association between consumption of milk and dairy products, calcium and riboflavin, and periodontitis in Korean adults: Using the 2007-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
Sang Mi Koo, Deog-Gyu Seo, Yoon Jung Park, Ji-Yun Hwang
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2014; 47(4): 258. CrossRef

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