Ji Yeon Kim; Ji Seon Lee; Seong Suk Cho; Hyon Park; Kyung Won Kim

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.6.495

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Nutrient Intakes of Male College Combat Sport Athletes by Weight Control Status: Ji Yeon Kim, Ji Seon Lee, Seong Suk Cho, Hyon Park, Kyung Won Kim; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2017;22(6):495-506.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.6.495
Published online: December 31, 2017

Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, Korea.

¹National Training Center of Korea Olympic Committee, Seoul, Korea.

²Sports Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kyung Won Kim. Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, 621 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01797, Korea. Tel: (02) 970-5647, Fax: (02) 976-4049, kwkim@swu.ac.kr

• Received: December 19, 2017 • Revised: December 26, 2017 • Accepted: December 26, 2017

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
Weight control practices are common in combat sport athletes. This study was performed to examine nutrient intakes of male college combat sport athletes (taekwondo, boxing, judo) by weight control (WC) status.
Methods
Subjects were male combat sport athletes (n=90) from colleges in Gyeonggi Province. Survey was conducted during 2016. Questionnaire included general characteristics, weight control, and dietary intakes during the period of training, weight control, weigh-in ~ before competition and between competitions. Subjects were grouped into high- and normal WC groups. T-test, χ²-test, Fisher's exact test and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data.
Results
During training, energy intake was 75.4% of EER and C:P:F ratio was 57.5:13.9:28.7. Iron and zinc intakes were different by WC groups (p<0.05). During weight control, energy intake was 44.7% of EER in normal WC and 30.5% in high WC group (p<0.05). C:P:F ratio was 69:11.1:19.5, and ratio from protein and fat was lower in the high WC group (p<0.05). Most nutrient intakes during weight control were less than 50% of 2015 KDRIs (RNI or AI), and intakes including thiamin (p<0.01), vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin, folate, calcium, potassium and zinc (p<0.05) were significantly lower in the high WC. Energy intake after weighing before the competition was 1,315 kcal, and energy (kcal/kg BW, p<0.05) and carbohydrate intakes (g/kg BW, p<0.01) were significantly higher in the high WC group. Energy intake between competitions was 691.1 kcal, with no difference by the WC group.
Conclusions
Nutrients intakes of combat sport athletes were inadequate. Dietary intakes during weight control were much below than the KDRIs, especially in the high WC group. It is needed to develop nutrition education programs for combat sport athletes to avoid severe energy restrictions and to apply specific dietary guides to each period of training and weight control.
Keywords: combat sport athletes; nutrient intake; weight control

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a research grant from Seoul Women's University (2017).

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Table 1

General characteristics of the study subjects

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01, ^***: P<0.001

1) Mean±SE, 2) n (%), 3) t value by t-test or χ² value by χ²-test

Table 2

Energy and nutrients intakes during training period by the weight control status

^*: P<0.05

1) Estimated Energy Requirements, 2) kcal/kg body weight, 3) g/kg body weight, 4) Recommended Nutrient Intake, 5) Ratio of energy intake, 6) Adequate Intake, 7) Intake Goal, 8) Mean±SE, 9) F value by analysis of covariance (covariate: weight, height). For variables analyzed by kg/body weight, only height was used as a covariate.

Table 3

Energy and nutrients Intakes during weight control period by the weight control status

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01

Table 4

Meal management during the period after weighing before the competition

1) Multiple response, 2) n (%), 3) χ² value by Fisher's exact test

Table 5

Intakes of energy and energy-yielding nutrients during periods after weighing before the competition and between competitions

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01

1) kcal/kg body weight, 2) g/kg body weight, 3) Mean±SE, 4) F value by analysis of covariance. (covariate: weight, height)

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Weight control practices, beliefs, self-efficacy, and eating behaviors in college weight class athletes
Ji Seon Lee, Seong Suk Cho, Kyung Won Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2020; 14(1): 45. CrossRef

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Nutrient Intakes of Male College Combat Sport Athletes by Weight Control Status

Korean J Community Nutr. 2017;22(6):495-506. Published online December 31, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.6.495

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Nutrient Intakes of Male College Combat Sport Athletes by Weight Control Status

Table 1

General characteristics of the study subjects

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01, ^***: P<0.001

1) Mean±SE, 2) n (%), 3) t value by t-test or χ² value by χ²-test

Table 2

Energy and nutrients intakes during training period by the weight control status

^*: P<0.05

Table 3

Energy and nutrients Intakes during weight control period by the weight control status

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01

Table 4

Meal management during the period after weighing before the competition

1) Multiple response, 2) n (%), 3) χ² value by Fisher's exact test

Table 5

Intakes of energy and energy-yielding nutrients during periods after weighing before the competition and between competitions

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01

1) kcal/kg body weight, 2) g/kg body weight, 3) Mean±SE, 4) F value by analysis of covariance. (covariate: weight, height)

Table 1 General characteristics of the study subjects

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01, ^***: P<0.001

1) Mean±SE, 2) n (%), 3) t value by t-test or χ² value by χ²-test

Table 2 Energy and nutrients intakes during training period by the weight control status

^*: P<0.05

Table 3 Energy and nutrients Intakes during weight control period by the weight control status

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01

Table 4 Meal management during the period after weighing before the competition

1) Multiple response, 2) n (%), 3) χ² value by Fisher's exact test

Table 5 Intakes of energy and energy-yielding nutrients during periods after weighing before the competition and between competitions

^*: P<0.05, ^**: P<0.01

1) kcal/kg body weight, 2) g/kg body weight, 3) Mean±SE, 4) F value by analysis of covariance. (covariate: weight, height)