Soon Yei Lee; Hyun Sook Bae

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.714

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Original Article
Nutrient Intake, the Concentrations of Leptin, Adiponectin, Cotisol & Insulin by the Body Fat Content of Women: Soon Yei Lee, Hyun Sook Bae; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2012;17(6):714-723.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.714
Published online: December 31, 2012

Department of Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Lifetime Welfare Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Hyun Sook Bae, Department of Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Lifetime Welfare Sungshin Women's University, 147 Mia-dong, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul 142-732, Korea. Tel: (02) 920-7558, Fax: (02) 920-2076, hsbae@sungshin.ac.kr

• Received: July 19, 2012 • Revised: November 30, 2012 • Accepted: December 13, 2012

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Abstract
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare nutrient intakes, serum hormones (leptin, adiponectin, insulin), salivary cortisol and α-amylase of middle-aged women by the percentage of body fat (% fat). Subjects were assigned to 3 groups by body fat (%) group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%). WHR of group II (0.97) was significantly higher than of group I, III (0.95) (p < 0.05). Nutrient intakes were not different among 3 groups. Serum leptin levels of group III (16.53 µg/ml) were higher than in group I (10.07 µg/ml), group II (12.24 µg/ml) (p < 0.05). Salivary cortisol levels of group II (0.39 µg/dl) were higher than in group I (0.17 µg/dl) and group III (0.15 µg/dl) (p < 0.05). Adiponectin concentrations were negatively correlated with TAS (r = -0.29) and positively correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.27). Insulin levels were negatively correlated with total cholesterol (r = -0.33), Zn intake (r = -0.31) and positively correlated with WHR (r = 0.31). The overall anthropometric indices showed positive relations with leptin levels. Salivary cortisol levels were positively corelated with WHR (r = 0.28), total cholesterol (r = 0.31), MDA (r = 0.29) and intakes of SFA (r = 0.35) and MUFA (r = 0.3). Salivary amylase levels were positively correlated with overall nutrient intakes (energy, CHO, fat, cholesterol. Fe, SFA, MUFA, Zn, Na, vitamin B₂, r = 0.24-0.5) and was negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.34). These results suggested that 1) WHR would be a helpful index in the assessment of metabolic risk diseases. 2) Understanding of individual stress exposure should be considered in developing strategies for prevention and treatment of obesity.
Keywords: body fat; leptin; cortisol; adiponectin

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Table 1

Anthropometric measurements by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

WC: Waist circumference

HC: Hip circumference

TST: Triceps skinfold thickness

SST: Suprailliac skinfold thickness

AST: Abdomen skinfold thickness

ICF: Intracellular fluid

ECF: Extracellular fluid

1) Mean ± SE (Age : Mean ± SD)

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

Table 2

Daily nutrient intakes by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

Carbo: Carbohydrate, Chol: Cholesterol, SFA: Saturated fatty acid, MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acid, PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid

Table 3

Index of nutrition quality by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SD

Table 4

Serum levels of lipids and MDA, TAS by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

MDA: Malondialdehyde, TAS: Total antioxidant status

Table 5

Leptin & hormones by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

Table 6

Correlation between serum adiponectin, Insulin, Leptin, salivary cortisol, salivary amylase and metabolic risk factors

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Figure & Data

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Relationships among Muscle Mass and Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Physical Activity, and Nutrient Intake in Elderly Women: Based on the 4th-5th (2008-2011) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Doo-Hwan Jung, Jung-Hyun Kim
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Nutrient Intake, the Concentrations of Leptin, Adiponectin, Cotisol & Insulin by the Body Fat Content of Women

Korean J Community Nutr. 2012;17(6):714-723. Published online December 31, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.714

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Nutrient Intake, the Concentrations of Leptin, Adiponectin, Cotisol & Insulin by the Body Fat Content of Women

Table 1

Anthropometric measurements by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

WC: Waist circumference

HC: Hip circumference

TST: Triceps skinfold thickness

SST: Suprailliac skinfold thickness

AST: Abdomen skinfold thickness

ICF: Intracellular fluid

ECF: Extracellular fluid

1) Mean ± SE (Age : Mean ± SD)

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

Table 2

Daily nutrient intakes by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

Carbo: Carbohydrate, Chol: Cholesterol, SFA: Saturated fatty acid, MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acid, PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid

Table 3

Index of nutrition quality by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SD

Table 4

Serum levels of lipids and MDA, TAS by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

MDA: Malondialdehyde, TAS: Total antioxidant status

Table 5

Leptin & hormones by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

Table 6

Correlation between serum adiponectin, Insulin, Leptin, salivary cortisol, salivary amylase and metabolic risk factors

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 1 Anthropometric measurements by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

WC: Waist circumference

HC: Hip circumference

TST: Triceps skinfold thickness

SST: Suprailliac skinfold thickness

AST: Abdomen skinfold thickness

ICF: Intracellular fluid

ECF: Extracellular fluid

1) Mean ± SE (Age : Mean ± SD)

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

Table 2 Daily nutrient intakes by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

Carbo: Carbohydrate, Chol: Cholesterol, SFA: Saturated fatty acid, MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acid, PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid

Table 3 Index of nutrition quality by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SD

Table 4 Serum levels of lipids and MDA, TAS by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

MDA: Malondialdehyde, TAS: Total antioxidant status

Table 5 Leptin & hormones by the fat% of the subjects

Subject were assigned to 3 groups by % fat: group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%)

1) Mean ± SE

a,b,c: Alphabet letters mean significant difference statistically

Table 6 Correlation between serum adiponectin, Insulin, Leptin, salivary cortisol, salivary amylase and metabolic risk factors