Ji-won Lee; Seong-Ai Kim

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.5.548

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A Comparative Study on Eating Habits and Eating Attitude of Depressed and Normal Adults : Based on 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Ji-won Lee, Seong-Ai Kim; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2011;16(5):548-558.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.5.548
Published online: October 31, 2011

Department of Food and Nutrition, Cungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Seong-Ai Kim, Department of Food & Nutrition, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. Tel: (042) 821-6836, Fax: (042) 821-8887, sakim@cnu.ac.kr

• Received: July 27, 2011 • Revised: September 19, 2011 • Accepted: September 26, 2011

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Abstract
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare eating habits and food attitudes between depressed and normal adults. The subjects were selected (n = 6217) from those who participated in the 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). The subjects were divided into the depressed (DG, n = 841) and normal groups (NG, n = 3969). DG was those who have depression now or who have experienced depressing feelings more than two weeks or per year. The general characteristics, anthropometric measurement, eating habits, the dietary guideline recognition and practices were compared by using chi-square test and t-test. Also the partial correlations were analyzed by SAS (Statistical analysis system, version 9.1) program. There was a significantly higher rate of DG among the female (74.32%), with low education (44.6%) and low-income (32.0%) subjects (p < 0.001). DG showed significantly lower snacking and dining out. There was significantly higher rate of DG who responded "none" in frequency of snack (27.10%) and dining out (29.50%) (p < 0.001). Also DG showed significantly lower rate of the subjects who ate with the family than NG. Also, DG showed significantly lower dietary guideline recognition level and practice than NG. Correlation between depression symptom and various factors showed that positive correlation with low snack intake and dining out frequencies. However, correlation was relatively weak. In conclusion, eating habits and recognition levels and practice of dietary guidelines of DG were significantly different from NG. DG showed significantly lower frequencies of snack, dining out, and eating with family.
Keywords: depression; eating habit; depressed; dietary guidelines recognition and practice

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Table 1

General Characteristics of depressed and normal adults

1) N (%), ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2

Anthropometric measurement and obesity assessment of depressed and normal adults by BMI

1) Mean ± SD, ^***: p < 0.001, 2) N (%), ^***: p < 0.001, 3) Waist: waist circumference, 4) BMI: body mass index, 5) BMI < 18.5, 6) 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25, 7) 25 ≤ BMI

Table 3

Eating breakfast frequency and reason of skipped meal of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01

Table 4

Breakfast pattern and reasons of skipping meal by normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^*: p < 0.05

Table 5

Frequency of snack and dining out of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 6

Frequency of snack and dining out of normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 7

Eating breakfast and dinner with family or alone of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01

Table 8

Meal with family of normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 9

The recognition and practice dietary guideline of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 10

The recognition and practice dietary guideline of normal and depressed subjects by sex

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 ^***: p < 0.001

Table 11

Correlation coefficients between depression and various factors of the subjects

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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A Comparative Study on Eating Habits and Eating Attitude of Depressed and Normal Adults : Based on 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Korean J Community Nutr. 2011;16(5):548-558. Published online October 31, 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.5.548

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A Comparative Study on Eating Habits and Eating Attitude of Depressed and Normal Adults : Based on 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Table 1

General Characteristics of depressed and normal adults

1) N (%), ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2

Anthropometric measurement and obesity assessment of depressed and normal adults by BMI

1) Mean ± SD, ^***: p < 0.001, 2) N (%), ^***: p < 0.001, 3) Waist: waist circumference, 4) BMI: body mass index, 5) BMI < 18.5, 6) 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25, 7) 25 ≤ BMI

Table 3

Eating breakfast frequency and reason of skipped meal of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01

Table 4

Breakfast pattern and reasons of skipping meal by normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^*: p < 0.05

Table 5

Frequency of snack and dining out of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 6

Frequency of snack and dining out of normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 7

Eating breakfast and dinner with family or alone of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01

Table 8

Meal with family of normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 9

The recognition and practice dietary guideline of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 10

The recognition and practice dietary guideline of normal and depressed subjects by sex

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 ^***: p < 0.001

Table 11

Correlation coefficients between depression and various factors of the subjects

^*: p < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 1 General Characteristics of depressed and normal adults

1) N (%), ^***: p < 0.001

Table 2 Anthropometric measurement and obesity assessment of depressed and normal adults by BMI

1) Mean ± SD, ^***: p < 0.001, 2) N (%), ^***: p < 0.001, 3) Waist: waist circumference, 4) BMI: body mass index, 5) BMI < 18.5, 6) 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25, 7) 25 ≤ BMI

Table 3 Eating breakfast frequency and reason of skipped meal of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01

Table 4 Breakfast pattern and reasons of skipping meal by normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^*: p < 0.05

Table 5 Frequency of snack and dining out of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 6 Frequency of snack and dining out of normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 7 Eating breakfast and dinner with family or alone of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^**: p < 0.01

Table 8 Meal with family of normal and depressed adults by sex

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01

Table 9 The recognition and practice dietary guideline of normal and depressed adults

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^***: p < 0.001

Table 10 The recognition and practice dietary guideline of normal and depressed subjects by sex

1) N (%), ^*: < 0.05, ^**: p < 0.01 ^***: p < 0.001

Table 11 Correlation coefficients between depression and various factors of the subjects