Eun-Sil Her; Bo-Young Seo

doi:10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.4.321

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Research Article
Relation of Nutritional Intake and Allergic Rhinitis in Infants: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013~2016: Eun-Sil Her, Bo-Young Seo; Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2019;24(4):321-330.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.4.321
Published online: August 31, 2019

Department of Food and Nutrition, Changshin University, Chanagwon, Korea, Professor.

Corresponding author: Bo-Young Seo. Department of Food and Nutrition, Changshin University, 262 Paryong-ro, Masan Hoiwon-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 51352, Korea. Tel: (055) 250-1205, Fax: (055) 250-1200, byseo@cs.ac.kr

• Received: June 21, 2019 • Revised: August 1, 2019 • Accepted: August 1, 2019

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
This study examined the relationship between the presence of allergic rhinitis and the nutritional intake levels of Korean infants.
Methods
The study involved a total of 1,214 infant subjects aged 1~5 months from the 2013~2016 KNHNES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). The Subjects were classified into two groups based on the presence of allergic rhinitis: Non-allergic rhinitis infants (NARI, n=1,088) and allergic rhinitis infants (ARI, n=126). The general characteristics and family history of allergies, nutrient intake status, nutrient supplement intake, and breast milk and baby food start period data of the two groups were compared. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and sampling weights.
Results
The mean age was 0.5 years old in the ARI group compared to the NARI group. In the residence, the rate of urban was higher in ARI. The family history revealed a significant difference between the two groups, particularly those of mothers rather than fathers. The nutrient intake levels were high in energy, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, riboflavin, niacin, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Breastfeeding was significantly higher in the ARI group than in the NARI group. The baby food start period was 0.3 months earlier in NARI group than in ARI group. The height, body weight, and birth weight were higher in ARI group than NARI group. The result of Odds ratio analysis showed that excess energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, riboflavin, and niacin intake increases the risk of allergic rhinitis.
Conclusions
These results can be used as data to develop nutrition guidelines for allergic rhinitis infants.
Keywords: infants; nutritional intake level; OR of allergic rhinitis

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from Changshin University in 2018(Changshin-2018-50).

REFERENCES

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Table 1

General characteristics and family history between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) Mean ± SE

2) N (%)

^*: p<0.05, ^***: p<0.001

Table 2

Comparison of nutrient intake status between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis¹⁾

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± SE

^*: p<0.05, ^**: p<0.01, ^***: p<0.001

Table 3

Comparison of nutrient supplement intake between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) N (%)

^**: p<0.01

Table 4

Comparison of type of breast milk and baby food start period between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) N (%)

2) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

3) Mean ± SE

^*: p<0.05

Table 5

Comparison of height, weight, birth weight level between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis¹⁾

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± S.E.

3) Body mass index

^*: p<0.05, ^***: p<0.001

Table 6

Risk of allergic rhinitis by nutrition intake levels¹⁾

1) Adjusted for residence, age, height, weight, weight at birth, breastfeeding and nutritional supplement in total subjects.

2) The odds ratio at on increase of 100 kcal

3) The odds ratio at on increase of 5 g

4) The odds ratio at on increase of 50 mg

5) The odds ratio at on increase of 1.0 mg

6) The odds ratio at on increase of 0.1 mg

^**: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

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Relation of Nutritional Intake and Allergic Rhinitis in Infants: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013~2016

Korean J Community Nutr. 2019;24(4):321-330. Published online August 31, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.4.321

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Relation of Nutritional Intake and Allergic Rhinitis in Infants: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013~2016

Table 1

General characteristics and family history between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) Mean ± SE

2) N (%)

^*: p<0.05, ^***: p<0.001

Table 2

Comparison of nutrient intake status between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis¹⁾

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± SE

^*: p<0.05, ^**: p<0.01, ^***: p<0.001

Table 3

Comparison of nutrient supplement intake between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) N (%)

^**: p<0.01

Table 4

Comparison of type of breast milk and baby food start period between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) N (%)

2) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

3) Mean ± SE

^*: p<0.05

Table 5

Comparison of height, weight, birth weight level between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis¹⁾

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± S.E.

3) Body mass index

^*: p<0.05, ^***: p<0.001

Table 6

Risk of allergic rhinitis by nutrition intake levels¹⁾

1) Adjusted for residence, age, height, weight, weight at birth, breastfeeding and nutritional supplement in total subjects.

2) The odds ratio at on increase of 100 kcal

3) The odds ratio at on increase of 5 g

4) The odds ratio at on increase of 50 mg

5) The odds ratio at on increase of 1.0 mg

6) The odds ratio at on increase of 0.1 mg

^**: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001

Table 1 General characteristics and family history between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) Mean ± SE

2) N (%)

^*: p<0.05, ^***: p<0.001

Table 2 Comparison of nutrient intake status between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis1)

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± SE

^*: p<0.05, ^**: p<0.01, ^***: p<0.001

Table 3 Comparison of nutrient supplement intake between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) N (%)

^**: p<0.01

Table 4 Comparison of type of breast milk and baby food start period between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

1) N (%)

2) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

3) Mean ± SE

^*: p<0.05

Table 5 Comparison of height, weight, birth weight level between none-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis1)

1) Adjusted for residence and age in total subjects

2) Mean ± S.E.

3) Body mass index

^*: p<0.05, ^***: p<0.001

Table 6 Risk of allergic rhinitis by nutrition intake levels1)

1) Adjusted for residence, age, height, weight, weight at birth, breastfeeding and nutritional supplement in total subjects.

2) The odds ratio at on increase of 100 kcal

3) The odds ratio at on increase of 5 g

4) The odds ratio at on increase of 50 mg

5) The odds ratio at on increase of 1.0 mg

6) The odds ratio at on increase of 0.1 mg

^**: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001