Korean Journal of Community Nutrition

Cho Il Kim

14 Articles

[English]
Breast-feeding and Obesity in Early Childhood: Based on the KNHANES 2008 through 2011: Miyong Yon, Haeng Shin Lee, Dohee Kim, Jeeyeon Lee, Jiwoon Nam, Gui Im Moon, Jinhwan Hong, Cho il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(6):644-651. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.6.644

Although there has been a significant increase in breast-feeding (BF) rate in Korea, it is plateaued since 2008 and still low compared with that of other countries. Because BF has been related to lower obesity prevalence in many studies and the increase in childhood obesity became evident in Korea, we wondered if a relatively lower BF rate has anything to do with this increase. Therefore, we looked into the relationship between mode & duration of BF during infancy and weight status of toddlers using the data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008 through 2011. Number of 2-3 year old toddlers with complete information on BF, anthropometry and normal birth weight was 674. While 87% of them were ever-breastfed, 6.2% each of them were either obese or overweight based on the Standard Growth Chart for Korean Children. Not only the obesity prevalence was different among groups of different mode of feeding, but also the mean duration of BF was significantly longer in normal weight group (9.2 mo.) compared with obese group (5.5 mo.). Accordingly, overweight and obesity prevalence of the toddlers breast-fed for 12 months or longer was significantly lower than that of the toddlers breast-fed for less than 12 months (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.32-0.87). This study revealed that both BF and duration of BF affect the childhood obesity and, BF for 12 months or longer should be encouraged more aggressively as one of the main strategies to prevent and/or decrease childhood obesity in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Breastfeeding and impact on childhood hospital admissions: a nationwide birth cohort in South Korea
Jeong-Seon Lee, Jae Il Shin, Sunyeup Kim, Yong-Sung Choi, Youn Ho Shin, Jimin Hwang, Jung U Shin, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Han Eol Jeong, Yunha Noh, In-Sun Oh, Sang Youl Rhee, Chanyang Min, Seong Ho Cho, Steve Turner, Guillaume Fond, Laurent B
Nature Communications.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of Infant Feeding Characteristics With Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Korean Childhood
Kyoung-Nam Kim, Moon-Kyung Shin
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 338. CrossRef
Feeding characteristics in infancy affect fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary variety in early childhood
Kyoung-Nam Kim, Moon-Kyung Shin
Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(2): 307. CrossRef
Relations among Maternal Employment, Depressive Symptoms, Breastfeeding Duration, and Body Mass Index Trajectories in Early Childhood
Jihyoung Kim
Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2020; 24(2): 75. CrossRef
Knowledge and health beliefs about gestational diabetes and healthy pregnancy's breastfeeding intention
Seungmi Park, Jung Lim Lee, Jang In Sun, Youngji Kim
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2018; 27(21-22): 4058. CrossRef
Exclusive breastfeeding and partial breastfeeding reduce the risk of overweight in childhood: A nationwide longitudinal study in Korea
Seon-Joo Park, Hae-Jeung Lee
Obesity Research & Clinical Practice.2018; 12(2): 222. CrossRef
Dietary status of young children in Korea based on the data of 2013 ~ 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Eun-kyung Kim, Byengchun Song, Se-Young Ju
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(4): 330. CrossRef
The Relationship Between Breastfeeding Duration and Preschooler Problem Behavior: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Development
Sujeong Kang, Yea-Ji Hong, Naya Choi, Kangyi Lee
Korean Journal of Child Studies.2017; 38(6): 63. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Obesity and Overweight in Korean Preschool Children: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014
Inju Hwang, Kyung-Sook Bang
Child Health Nursing Research.2016; 22(4): 237. CrossRef
Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intakes according to Feeding Method during Infant Period in Elementary School Students
Myung-Hwa Kang, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Hyun-Jin Kim, Yun-Jung Bae
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2015; 44(1): 57. CrossRef

50 View
0 Download
10 Crossref

[English]
Development of Nutrition Education Program for Hypertension Based on Health Belief Model, Applying Focus Group Interview: Seoyun Park, Jong Sook Kwon, Cho il Kim, Yoonna Lee, Hye Kyeong Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(5):623-636. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.5.623

Abstract PDF PubReader

Health Belief Model is a socio-psychological theory of decision making to individual health-related behaviors. This study was aimed to develop an effective education program for hypertension based on health belief model. The main factors of health belief model were investigated by focus group interview (FGI) with 23 hypertensive or prehypertensive subjects aged over fifty years. 'Perceived susceptibility' to hypertension was family history, neglect of health care, preference for salty food, broth of soup and stew. Lifelong medication, complications, and medical costs were reported as 'perceived severity' of hypertension. 'Perceived benefits' of hypertension management were decrease of medicinal dose, reduction of medical costs, and healthy eating habits of the family, while 'perceived barriers' were lack of palatability of low salt diet, convenience-oriented dietary habits, and limited choice of foods when eating out. Subjects mentioned TV health programs, public health center programs, and advice from doctors and family as 'cues to action' of hypertension management. These qualitative information provided basis for developing a nutrition education program for hypertension which could be implemented in the public health center. Eight week program was composed of understanding hypertension, risk factor management (eating habits, weight), low salt diet (principles, cooking), advanced management for healthy diet in 2 sessions, and summary. Each session was designed to alert the susceptibility and severity, to emphasize the benefits, and to reduce the barriers by providing dietary monitoring, practical advice, and action tips.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Educational Materials for Block Programming-Based Data Structures to Enhance Teacher Competence in Software Classes
Sook-Young Yoon, Hyun-Jong Choi, Seung-Hyun Kim
Journal of Digital Contents Society.2023; 24(4): 743. CrossRef
Dietary habits and nutrient intake status of university students according to obesity risk based on body mass index and percent body fat
Chae Hong Lee, Kyung A Lee
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(6): 714. CrossRef
A Qualitative Study of the Awareness and Influencing Factors of the Dietary Habits of the Male and Female Workers' at a Manufacturing Facility in Gwangju
Ji Suk Yim, Young-Ran Heo
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(1): 12. CrossRef
Consumption of Weight-control or Health Functional Foods, Dietary Habits, and Weight Perceptions According to the Body Mass Index of Adult Women in the Chungcheong Area
Gayoung Seong, Munkyong Pae
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(2): 81. CrossRef
Comparison of low-salt preference trends and regional variations between patients with major non-communicable diseases and the general population
Eun Young Choi, Young-Kwon Park, Minsu Ock, Masaki Mogi
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(10): e0276655. CrossRef
Comparison of the health and nutritional status of Korean elderly considering the household income level, using the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Jin Mo Khil
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(1): 39. CrossRef
Effects of Gender and Age on Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index in Hypertensive Patients: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination
Hyunju Dan, Jiyoung Kim, Oksoo Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(12): 4482. CrossRef
A study on the experience of mHealth based on health belief model: Focus group interview
Na Young Park, Jeong Hae Hwang, Yun-Kyoung Choi, Seong-Hi Park, Yeon Kyung Lee
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2019; 36(3): 97. CrossRef
Association between Sodium Excretion and Obesity of Adults in Gwangju
Mijin Jo, Young-Ran Heo
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(1): 38. CrossRef
Effect of a public health center-based nutrition education program for hypertension in women older than 50 years of age
Seoyun Park, Jong-Sook Kwon, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(3): 228. CrossRef
Perception on Optimal Diet, Diet Problems and Factors Related to Optimal Diet Among Young Adult Women Using Focus Group Interviews: Based on Social Cognitive Theory
Hye Jin Kim, A Reum Lee, Kyung Won Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(4): 332. CrossRef
Status and Need Assessment on Nutrition & Dietary Life Education among Nutrition Teachers in Elementary, Middle and High Schools
Na Gyeong Oh, Su Jin Gwon, Kyung Won Kim, Cheong Min Sohn, Hae Ryun Park, Jung Sook Seo
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(2): 152. CrossRef
Evaluation of Obesity and Nutritional Status by Age among Low-income Women aged over 20 -Using Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-
Hee-Kyung Jang
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(2): 246. CrossRef
Patient and Healthcare Provider Barriers to Hypertension Awareness, Treatment and Follow Up: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Studies
Rasha Khatib, Jon-David Schwalm, Salim Yusuf, R. Brian Haynes, Martin McKee, Maheer Khan, Robby Nieuwlaat, Noel Christopher Barengo
PLoS ONE.2014; 9(1): e84238. CrossRef
Development of Nutrition Education Program for Consumers to Reduce Sodium Intake Applying the Social Cognitive Theory: Based on Focus Group Interviews
So-Hyun Ahn, Hye-Kyeong Kim, Kyung Min Kim, Jin-sook Yoon, Jong Sook Kwon
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(4): 342. CrossRef
Factors affecting Weight-Control Behavior Intention in Female College Students: Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
Eun Ju Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2013; 24(2): 195. CrossRef
Comparison of practice of dietary guidelines and health beliefs according to stage of weight loss behavior change among male workers
Su Jeong Song, HongSeok Ahn, Jinmo Khil
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2013; 46(3): 276. CrossRef
A Study on the Health and Nutritional Characteristics according to Household Income and Obesity in Korean Adults Aged over 50 -Based on 2005 KNHANES-
So Hyun Ahn, Sook Mee Son, Hye Kyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(4): 463. CrossRef
Estimation of Sodium Intake of Adult Female by 24-Hour Urine Analysis, Dietary Records and Dish Frequency Questionnaire (DFQ 55)
Eun-Kyung Shin, Hye-Jin Lee, Jung-Jeung Lee, Moon-Young Ann, Sook-Me Son, Yeon-Kyung Lee
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2010; 43(1): 79. CrossRef
Effects of Weight Control Program on Dietary Habits and Blood Composition in Obese Middle-Aged Women
Hye-Kyung Kim, Mi-Jeong Kim
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2010; 43(3): 273. CrossRef
Diet Quality Index-International Score is Correlated with Weight Loss in Female College Students on a Weight Management Program
Hee Kyung Yun, Hyesook Kim, Namsoo Chang
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2009; 42(5): 453. CrossRef

57 View
1 Download
21 Crossref

[English]
Cost-benefit Analysis of Sodium Intake Reduction Policy in Korea: Chulhee Lee, Dae Il Kim, Jeonglim Hong, Eunmi Koh, Baeg Won Kang, Jong Wook Kim, Hye Kyung Park, Cho Il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(3):341-352. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.3.341

Abstract PDF PubReader

It is well established that excessive sodium intake is related to a higher incidence of chronic diseases such as hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease and gastric cancer. Although the upper limit of the current sodium intake guideline by WHO is set at 2,000 mg/day for adults, sodium intake of Koreans is well over 4,700 mg/capita/day implying an urgent need to develop and implement sodium intake reduction policy at the national level. This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of the sodium intake reduction policy, for the first time, in Korea. Analyses were performed using most recent and representative data on national health insurance statistics, healthcare utilization, employment information, disease morbidity/mortality, etc. The socioeconomic benefits of the policy, resulting from reduced morbidity of those relevant diseases, included lower medical expenditures, transportation costs, caregiver cost for inpatients and income losses. The socioeconomic benefits from diminished mortality included reductions in earning losses and welfare losses caused by early deaths. It is estimated that the amount of total benefits of reducing sodium intake from 4.7 g to 3.0 g is 12.6 trillion Korean Won; and the size of its cost is 149 billion Won. Assuming that the effect of sodium intake reduction would become gradually evident over a 5-year period, the implied rate of average return to the sodium reduction policy is 7,790% for the following 25 years, suggesting a very high cost-effectiveness. Accordingly, development and implementation of a mid-to-long term plan for a consistent sodium intake reduction policy is extremely beneficial and well warranted.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Self-Reported Diet Management and Adherence to Dietary Guidelines in Korean Adults with Hypertension
Jee-Seon Shim, Kyungwon Oh, Sun Jae Jung, Hyeon Chang Kim
Korean Circulation Journal.2020; 50(5): 432. CrossRef
Progress on sodium reduction in South Korea
Hye-Kyung Park, Yoonna Lee, Baeg-Won Kang, Kwang-il Kwon, Jong-Wook Kim, Oh-Sang Kwon, Laura K Cobb, Norman R C Campbell, Drew E Blakeman, Cho-il Kim
BMJ Global Health.2020; 5(5): e002028. CrossRef
Customers' Perceptions of Operational Status of and Needs for Sodium Reduction in the Industry Foodservice in Seoul
Na-Young Yi
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(1): 21. CrossRef
Systematic Review on International Salt Reduction Policy in Restaurants
Jingmin Ding, Yuewen Sun, Yuan Li, Jing He, Harriet Sinclair, Wenwen Du, Huijun Wang, Puhong Zhang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(24): 9570. CrossRef
Association between dietary sodium intake and disease burden and mortality in Koreans between 1998 and 2016: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Clara Yongjoo Park, Garam Jo, Juhee Lee, Gitanjali M. Singh, Jong-Tae Lee, Min-Jeong Shin
Nutrition Research and Practice.2020; 14(5): 501. CrossRef
Development of standards for reducing the sodium content and salinity of Korean fermented soybean sauces and representative Korean foods high in sodium
Lin Jiang, Eun-Kyung Shin, Jung-Sook Seo, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(2): 185. CrossRef
Socioeconomic burden of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption in Korea
Jee-Seon Shim, Nam Hoon Kang, Jung Sug Lee, Ki Nam Kim, Hae Kyung Chung, Hae Rang Chung, Hung-Ju Kim, Yoon-Sook Ahn, Moon-Jeong Chang
Nutrition Research and Practice.2019; 13(2): 134. CrossRef
The association between dietary sodium intake and adiposity, inflammation, and hormone markers: A preliminary study
Jeong-Hwa Choi, Young-Ran Heo
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2017; 50(6): 578. CrossRef
Low Salt Diet and Insulin Resistance
Hyunwoo Oh, Hyo Young Lee, Dae Won Jun, Seung Min Lee
Clinical Nutrition Research.2016; 5(1): 1. CrossRef
Quality of White Bread Containing Aster yomena Powder
Yong-Joo Kim, Ji-Suk Jeong, Eun-Ha Kim, Byeong-Gil Son, Geun-Bae Go
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2016; 45(1): 91. CrossRef
Nutrition knowledge, eating attitudes, nutrition behavior, self-efficacy of childcare center foodservice employees by stages of behavioral change in reducing sodium intake
Yun Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Kyungmin Kim, Jinwon Pyun, Ikhyun Yeo, Kisun Nam
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(5): 429. CrossRef
Optimization of Hot Water Extraction Conditions of Wando Sea Tangle (Laminaria japonica) for Development of Natural Salt Enhancer
Hyo Ju Kim, Eun Ju Yang
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2015; 44(5): 767. CrossRef
The Study on Dietary Behavior and Health Related Behaviors of Self Perceived Sodium Intake Groups
Juhyeon Kim, Hei-Ryeo Yoon, Nam-E Kang
Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2014; 29(6): 511. CrossRef
Comparison of sodium content of workplace and homemade meals through chemical analysis and salinity measurements
Eun-Kyung Shin, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Nutrition Research and Practice.2014; 8(5): 558. CrossRef
Effects of Dietary Education on Low-sodium Diet Adaptation
Hae Young Kim, Juhyeon Kim
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture.2014; 29(2): 212. CrossRef
Excessive Sodium Intake and Related Factors According to Energy Intakes Among Korean Elderly: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Young-Jin Tak, Jeong-Gyu Lee, Yun-Jin Kim, Sangyeoup Lee, Dong-Wook Jung, Yu-Hyeon Yi, Young-Hye Cho, Eun-Jung Choi, Seung-Hun Lee, Hye-Lim Hwang, A-Ra Cho
Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society.2014; 18(4): 185. CrossRef

40 View
0 Download
16 Crossref

[English]
Influencing Factors on the Dietary supplements Consumption among Children in Korea: Jeeyeon Lee, Dohee Kim, Yoonna Lee, Eunmi Koh, Youngsoo Jang, Hyeyoung Lee, Youngae Jang, Cho il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(6):740-750. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.6.740

Abstract PDF PubReader

With a recent increase in dietary supplements (DS) consumption among children in Korea, this study was performed to examine the influencing factors on children's DS consumption. A nationwide survey was conducted employing 3 representative samples of children for summer & fall of 2008 and spring of 2009 by stratified multistage sampling of 120 survey sites per season based on the 2005 census population. Approximately 30 households from each survey site were screened for residing children of 0-19 years and about 1,700 households remained as eligible samples per season. Trained dietitians visited households to perform face-to-face interview to children and/or parents regarding DS consumption including health functional foods (HFF), vitamins/minerals (V/M) supplements and other food supplements during 1 month prior to interview. Out of 5,328 children responded, 18.7% reported DS consumption. Consumption rate was higher in boys (19.9% vs. 17.3% in girls, P < 0.05) and youngsters (22.8% compared to 15.0% in adolescents, P < 0.001). Children from higher income family (P < 0.001), those living in apartments (P < 0.001), those residing in metropolitan area (P < 0.001), and those of mothers with higher education (P < 0.001) were more likely to take DS. Also, mother's employment status and occupation were significantly associated with children's DS consumption. The most popular DS was HFF (72.1%), which was consumed more in children of higher income family. It is revealed that socioeconomic factors affect children's DS consumption significantly. Also it is necessary to estimate children's V/M intake from DS and foods together especially because there are tolerable upper limits set for V/M for safety purposes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Study on the Dietary Behavior of Korean Adults: Focus on Dietary Supplement Intake, Household Size, and COVID-19
Jinkyung Choi
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(6): 468. CrossRef
Use of vitamin and mineral supplements and related variables among university students in Seoul
Jung-Hwa Choi, Youjin Je
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(4): 352. CrossRef
The Status of Dietary Supplements Intake in Korean Preschool Children: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012
Dong Soo Kang, Kun Song Lee
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition.2014; 17(3): 178. CrossRef
A Survey on the Usage Patterns of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements as Over-The-Counter Drugs among Korean Adolescents
Ji Hye Han, Hyun Sook Lee, Sun Hyo Kim
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture.2014; 29(4): 364. CrossRef
Dietary Supplements Use and Related Factors of Preschoolers in 3 Korean Cities
Hye Sil Kim, Hye Young Lee, Mi Kyung Kim
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition.2013; 16(2): 104. CrossRef

41 View
0 Download
5 Crossref

[English]
Major Sources of Sodium Intake of the Korean Population at Prepared Dish Level: Based on the KNHANES 2008 & 2009: Miyong Yon, Yoonna Lee, Dohee Kim, Jeeyeon Lee, Eunmi Koh, Eunjeong Nam, Hyehyung Shin, Baeg won Kang, Jong Wook Kim, Seok Heo, Hea young Cho, Cho il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(4):473-487. Published online August 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.473

Abstract PDF PubReader

We attempted to define the sources of sodium intake for the Korean population at prepared dish level to provide a basis for developing sustainable nutrition policies and feasible programs for sodium intake reduction. Dietary intake data from 2008 and 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used in the analysis for sodium intake sources. Sodium intake from individual dish consumed by each subject was calculated and used in delineating major sodium sources at dish and dish group level for sub-populations of different sex and age. Also, sodium intake was compared between eaters and non-eaters of some specific dish groups with considerable contribution to total sodium intake. The number of subjects included in the analysis was 18,022 and mean sodium intake was 4,600 mg/capita/day. Major sources of sodium intake at dish group level were in the following order: kimchi (1125 mg, 24.5%), noodles (572 mg, 12.4%), soups (488 mg, 10.6%), stews (399 mg, 8.7%), and cooked rice (284 mg, 6.2%). The magnitude of contribution to total sodium intake by soups and stews was different by age group. Sodium intake difference between eaters and non-eaters was much larger for kimchi group (2,343 mg for male, 1,452 mg for female) than for soups or stews. Interaction between consumption of aforementioned specific dish groups and age was highly significant (p < 0.0005) for both sexes. This study revealed an importance of having not only the control over sodium content of foods/dishes, but also the customized approach for different groups of population to accomplish an appreciable reduction in sodium intake.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A traditional Korean fermented food, Gochujang exerts anti-hypertensive effects, regardless of its high salt content by regulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in SD rats
Jung Eun Park, Anna Han, Eun-Gyung Mun, Youn-Soo Cha
Heliyon.2024; 10(9): e30451. CrossRef
Comparison between 24-hour diet recall and 24-hour urine collection for estimating sodium and potassium intakes and their ratio among Korean adults
Taisun Hyun, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Young-Ran Heo, Heekyong Ro, Young-Hee Han, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(2): 284. CrossRef
Evaluation of diet quality according to the eating-out patterns of preschoolers and school-aged children in South Korea: based on data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yu-na Ju, Youngmi Lee, Kyunghee Song, Yujin Lee
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(2): 165. CrossRef
Status of serving labeling of home meal replacement-soups and stews, and evaluation of their energy and nutrient content per serving
Mi-Hyun Kim, In-Young Choi, Jee-Young Yeon
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(5): 560. CrossRef
Trends in sodium intake and major contributing food groups and dishes in Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2017
Yeseung Jeong, Eui Su Kim, Jounghee Lee, Yuri Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2021; 15(3): 382. CrossRef
Gastric Cancer and the Daily Intake of the Major Dish Groups Contributing to Sodium Intake: A Case-Control Study in Korea
Jung-Hyun Kwak, Chang-Soo Eun, Dong-Soo Han, Yong-Sung Kim, Kyu-Sang Song, Bo-Youl Choi, Hyun-Ja Kim
Nutrients.2021; 13(4): 1365. CrossRef
EOSINOPHIL CATIONIC PROTEIN AND IRON STATUS IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH Enterobius vermicularis
Esraa Wathah, Saleem Khteer Al-Hadraawy
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences.2021; 9(5): 672. CrossRef
Progress on sodium reduction in South Korea
Hye-Kyung Park, Yoonna Lee, Baeg-Won Kang, Kwang-il Kwon, Jong-Wook Kim, Oh-Sang Kwon, Laura K Cobb, Norman R C Campbell, Drew E Blakeman, Cho-il Kim
BMJ Global Health.2020; 5(5): e002028. CrossRef
Comparison of Salinity and Sodium Content by the Salinity Measurement Frequency of Soups of Childcare Centers Enrolled in the Center for Children's Food Service Management in Daegu
Na-Yeong Lee, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(1): 13. CrossRef
Effect of nutrition education in reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake in hypertensive adults
You-Sin Lee, Moo-Yong Rhee, Sim-Yeol Lee
Nutrition Research and Practice.2020; 14(5): 540. CrossRef
Comparison of the sodium content of Korean soup-based dishes prepared at home, restaurants, and schools in Seoul
Yanghee Park, Jihyun Yoon, Sang-Jin Chung
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(6): 663. CrossRef
Nineteen-year trends in fermented food consumption and sodium intake from fermented foods for Korean adults from 1998 to 2016
Sang Young Kim, Jeanne H Freeland-Graves, Hyun Ja Kim
Public Health Nutrition.2020; 23(3): 515. CrossRef
Customers' Perceptions of Operational Status of and Needs for Sodium Reduction in the Industry Foodservice in Seoul
Na-Young Yi
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(1): 21. CrossRef
Changes in the Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus According to Physician and Patient Behaviors
Young-Joo Kim, In-Kyung Jeong, Sin-Gon Kim, Dong Hyeok Cho, Chong-Hwa Kim, Chul-Sik Kim, Won-Young Lee, Kyu-Chang Won, Jin-Hye Cha, Juneyoung Lee, Doo-Man Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(1): 91. CrossRef
Periodic Revisions of the International Choices Criteria: Process and Results
Sylvie van den Assum, Rutger Schilpzand, Lauren Lissner, Rokiah Don, Krishnapillai Madhavan Nair, Ngozi Nnam, Ricardo Uauy, Yuexin Yang, Ayla Gulden Pekcan, Annet J. C. Roodenburg
Nutrients.2020; 12(9): 2774. CrossRef
Validity of Estimating Sodium Intake using a Mobile Phone Application of 24-hour Dietary Recall with Meal Photos
Seo-Yoon Kim, Sang-Jin Chung
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(4): 317. CrossRef
Health-related quality of life in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus according to age: based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yeji Kang, Kyong Park
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(2): 129. CrossRef
Food Sources of Sodium in Korean Americans With Type 2 Diabetes: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease
Jisook Ko, Gayle M. Timmerman, Kim B. Kim, Miyong T. Kim
Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2019; 30(2): 154. CrossRef
Risk of Metabolic Syndrome among Middle-Aged Koreans from Rural and Urban Areas
Seohyun Lee, Yoonjin Shin, Yangha Kim
Nutrients.2018; 10(7): 859. CrossRef
Risk of Metabolic Syndrome according to Intake of White Rice and Kimchi in Korean Adults: based on the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2015
Jin-Su Kim, So Hyun Ahn, Sook Mee Son
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(6): 525. CrossRef
Effect of a public health center-based nutrition education program for hypertension in women older than 50 years of age
Seoyun Park, Jong-Sook Kwon, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(3): 228. CrossRef
Analysis of Sodium Content and Tastes of Ramyeon Cooked Using Different Recipes
Chang-Hwan Oh, Chung Ha-Yull
Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2018; 34(5): 450. CrossRef
Impacts of High Sodium Intake on Obesity-related Gene Expression
Minjee Lee, Miyoung Park, Juhee Kim, Soyoung Sung, Myoungsook Lee
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2018; 28(5): 364. CrossRef
Low Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Is Prevalent among North Korean Refugees in South Korea
Young-Soo Song, Seong-Woo Choi
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2018; 39(3): 161. CrossRef
Nutritional Evaluation of Convenience Meals in Convenience Stores near the Universities
Go-Na Shin, Yu-Ri Kim, Mi-Hyun Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(5): 375. CrossRef
Stages of Behavioral Change for Reducing Sodium Intake in Korean Consumers: Comparison of Characteristics Based on Social Cognitive Theory
So-hyun Ahn, Jong Kwon, Kyungmin Kim, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Nutrients.2017; 9(8): 808. CrossRef
Study of the characteristics of dietary behavior and the effects of nutrition education for sodium reduction according to the stages of behavioral change in sodium reduction of male adult subjects in Gwangju·Jeonnam regions
Young Ran Heo, Hyun Young Oh, Hee Kyong Ro
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2017; 50(5): 472. CrossRef
Status of Recognition, Effort, and Satisfaction of Customers on Low-Sodium Diet in Industry Foodservice
Sang Jin Yoon, Kun Og Kang
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(2): 168. CrossRef
Dietary assessment according to intake of Korean soup and stew in Korean adults: Based on the 2011~2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yong-Suk Kwon, Gyusang Han
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(5): 335. CrossRef
Major Dishes Contributing Absolute and Between-Person Sodium Intake Variations in University Students in Gyeonggi-do
Eun-Jung Chung, Ha-Jung Ryu, Eugene Shim
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2016; 45(3): 409. CrossRef
Dietary quality differs by consumption of meals prepared at home vs. outside in Korean adults
Kyung Won Lee, Won O. Song, Mi Sook Cho
Nutrition Research and Practice.2016; 10(3): 294. CrossRef
Association Between Estimated 24-h Urinary Sodium Excretion and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults
Jong Chul Won, Jae Won Hong, Jung Hyun Noh, Dong-Jun Kim
Medicine.2016; 95(15): e3153. CrossRef
Changes in Adherence to Non-Pharmacological Guidelines for Hypertension
Kyong Park, Sukyung Cho, Julie K. Bower, Yan Li
PLOS ONE.2016; 11(8): e0161712. CrossRef
Quality and sensory characteristics of commercial kimchi according to sodium contents
Eun-Sun Hwang, Hyo Sung Kim, Soo Hyun Kim, Hyun Joo Ko, Mi Young Lee, Eun-Kyung Yoon
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology.2016; 48(5): 413. CrossRef
A Comparison of Sources of Sodium and Potassium Intake by Gender, Age and Regions in Koreans: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2012
Yang-hee Park, Sang-Jin Chung
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(6): 558. CrossRef
Verification of Utility of Simple Mensuration of Cl-from Urine to Estimate the Amount of Sodium Intake
Sung-Ho Lee, Chae-Joon Lee, Sung-Mi Ju, Hyun-Joo Lee, Wang-Yeon Ra, Soon-Ok Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(1): 27. CrossRef
Major Foods and Nutrient Intake Quality According to Body Image Perception among Korean Women: Based on the 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Young Suk Lim, Soo Bin Jeon, Hee Mang Kim, So Yeon Jeong, Jae Young Ahn, Hae Ryun Park
Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2015; 21(2): 154. CrossRef
A Study on the Kimchi Consumption of Korean Adults:Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010~2012)
Eun-Kyung Kim, Yoo-Kyung Park, Se-Young Ju, Eun-Ok Choi
Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2015; 30(4): 406. CrossRef
Nutrition knowledge, eating attitudes, nutrition behavior, self-efficacy of childcare center foodservice employees by stages of behavioral change in reducing sodium intake
Yun Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Kyungmin Kim, Jinwon Pyun, Ikhyun Yeo, Kisun Nam
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(5): 429. CrossRef
Parathyroid Hormone, Calcium, and Sodium Bridging Between Osteoporosis and Hypertension in Postmenopausal Korean Women
Jee Soo Park, Soo Beom Choi, Yumie Rhee, Jai Won Chung, Eui-Young Choi, Deok Won Kim
Calcified Tissue International.2015; 96(5): 417. CrossRef
Evaluation of Consumer Nutrition Education Program to Reduce Sodium Intake Based on Social Cognitive Theory
So-Hyun Ahn, Jong Sook Kwon, Kyung Min Kim, Jin-Sook Yoon, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(6): 433. CrossRef
A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
Mi-Hyun Kim, Jee-Young Yeon, Jong Wook Kim, Jae-Eon Byun, So-Young Bu, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Yun-Jung Bae
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(5): 327. CrossRef
A Study on Eating Out Behavior and Recognition of Salinity in Restaurant Food in Jecheon Area
Soojin Park, Sung Hee Min
Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2015; 30(1): 20. CrossRef
Contents of Sodium and Potassium for Restaurant Dishes in Seoul
Mi-ra Jang, Mi-sun Hong, Bu-chuhl Choi, Sung-hee Han, Kyeong-ah Lee, Li-la Kim, Jib-ho Lee, Jung-hun Kim, Kweon Jung
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety.2015; 30(2): 189. CrossRef
The Relationship between Daily Sodium Intake and Obesity in Korean Adults
Jung-hoon Kim, Gyeong Eun Lim, Sunyoung Kang, Kayoung Lee, Tae-jin Park, Jinseung Kim
Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2015; 15(4): 175. CrossRef
Quality Characteristics of Low-sodium Tomato Jangajii according to Storage Time by Cultivars
Yeon Sook Park, Hae Jeong Gweon, Ki Hyeon Sim
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(3): 460. CrossRef
Evaluation of Obesity and Nutritional Status by Age among Low-income Women aged over 20 -Using Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-
Hee-Kyung Jang
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(2): 246. CrossRef
Survey on Nutrition Knowledge, Food Behaviors, and Food Frequency of Sodium Intake in Korean University Students
Hee-Ok Pak
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(1): 12. CrossRef
Study on Sodium Reduction: 'Healthy Restaurant for Sodium Reduction'
Soon Myung Hong, Jee Hye Lee, Hye-Kyung Kim, Rina Yu, Jeong Hee Seo, Eun Jeong Huh, Seong Suk Cho, Jeongah Yang
Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2014; 20(3): 174. CrossRef
Salt-related Dietary Behaviors of University Students in Gyeongbuk Area
Kyung-A Lee
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2014; 43(7): 1122. CrossRef
Blood Pressure and Dietary Related Risk Factors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed with 24-hour Urine Analysis for Korean Adults
Yeon-Seon Jeong, Hwa-Jae Lim, Sook-Bae Kim, Hee Jun Kim, Sook Mee Son
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(6): 537. CrossRef
Comparison of sodium content of workplace and homemade meals through chemical analysis and salinity measurements
Eun-Kyung Shin, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Nutrition Research and Practice.2014; 8(5): 558. CrossRef
Effects of short-term supplementation of erythritol-salt on urinary electrolyte excretion in rats
Myungok Kyung, Ji Ye Lim, Kyungsun Lee, Sangwon Jung, Keunbum Choe, Chang-kun Yang, Yuri Kim
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2014; 47(2): 99. CrossRef
An Evaluation of Dietary Habit and Nutritional Status by Household Income in Female Adults over the Age of 20 - Using Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey -
Hee-Kyung Jang
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2014; 27(4): 660. CrossRef
A study of the major dish group, food group and meal contributing to sodium and nutrient intake in Jeju elementary and middle school students
Yang-Sook Ko, Hye-Yun Kang
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2014; 47(1): 51. CrossRef
Analysis of presumed sodium intake of office workers using 24-hour urine analysis and correlation matrix between variables
Hyun-Hee Kim, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Korean Journal of Nutrition.2013; 46(1): 26. CrossRef
Trends in the major dish groups and food groups contributing to sodium intake in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998-2010
Da Young Song, Jong Eun Park, Jae Eun Shim, Jung Eun Lee
Korean Journal of Nutrition.2013; 46(1): 72. CrossRef
Factors Associated with a Low-sodium Diet: The Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Won Joon Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, Sun Min Oh, Dong Phil Choi, Jaelim Cho, Il Suh
Epidemiology and Health.2013; 35: e2013005. CrossRef
Sodium density and obesity; the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2010
Y S Yoon, S W Oh
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2013; 67(2): 141. CrossRef
Sodium Content and Nutrients Supply from Free Lunch Meals Served by Welfare Facilities for the Elderly in Gyeonggi-do
Seoyun Park, So Hyun Ahn, Jin Nam Kim, Hye-Kyeong Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2013; 26(3): 459. CrossRef
Establishment of One Portion Size of Dishes Frequently Consumed by Korean Adults using 2010 KNHANES and Its Comparison with the One Portion Size using 2005 KNHANES - Focusing on Rice, Noodles, Soups, and Stews -
Sook-Bae Kim, Soon-Kyung Kim, Se-Na Kim, Young-Sook Cho, Mi-Hyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2013; 26(4): 745. CrossRef
A Survey on the Salt Content of Kindergarten Lunch Meals and Meal Providers' Dietary Attitude to Sodium Intake in Gyeonggi-do Area
Jin Nam Kim, Seoyun Park, Sohyun Ahn, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(5): 478. CrossRef
Salt content of school meals and comparison of perception related to sodium intake in elementary, middle, and high schools
Sohyun Ahn, Seoyun Park, Jin Nam Kim, Sung Nim Han, Soo Bin Jeong, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2013; 7(1): 59. CrossRef
A Study on the Knowledge, Dietary Behavior related to Sodium, Attitudes towards a Low-Salt Diet of Adults in the Jeonbuk Area
Jeongok Rho, Hyuna Kim
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2013; 22(4): 693. CrossRef
Study on the Eating Habits and Practicability of Guidelines for Reducing Sodium Intake according to the Stage of Change in Housewives
So-Hyun Ahn, Jong-Sook Kwon, Kyungmin Kim, Jin-Sook Yoon, Baeg-Won Kang, Jong wook Kim, Seok Heo, Hea-Young Cho, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(6): 724. CrossRef
Salt Intake and Diabetes
Jeong Hyun Lim
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2012; 13(4): 211. CrossRef

64 View
0 Download
66 Crossref

[English]
Nutritional Environment Influences Hypertension in the Middle-aged Korean Adults: based on 1998 & 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey: Hae Jeung Lee, Haeng Shin Lee, Yoonna Lee, Young Ai Jang, Jae Jin Moon, Cho il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2007;12(3):272-283. Published online June 30, 2007

Abstract PDF: This study was performed to delineate the relationship between lifestyle and nutritional risk factors associated with hypertension in representative middle-aged Korean population. Hypertension in this study is defined as hypertensive (SBP> or = 140 mmHg or DBP> or = 90 mmHg) adults without recognition of a disease state before a health exam. With data from the 1998 and 2001 National Health and Nutritional Survey, nutrient intakes of 6,112 adults, 40-64 years of age were calculated using food composition database and matched with health examination records by individual ID. After excluding those with extreme intake values, the number of final subjects included in the analysis was 5,200 (male 2,458, female 2,742). Using logistic regression method, socio-demographic data, lifestyle factors, and nutrient intakes were analyzed. Risky factors for hypertension revealed in this study were age, sex, BMI over 23, waist circumference, alcohol intake of more than 16 g (male) or 8 g (female). Regarding nutrient intakes, the intakes of highest quartile for energy (> or = 2363.0 kcal) and protein (> or = 90.2 g) were significantly associated with higher risk of hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, and other socio-demographic factors (OR = 1.312 (1.046-1.711), OR = 1.488(1.194-1.854), respectively)). Although high intakes of sodium (> or = 6604.0 mg) and phosphorus seemed to be risk factors of hypertension also before energy adjustment (OR = 1.278(1.034-1.581), OR = 1.280(1.024 -1.600), respectively), only high intakes of energy and protein remained significant after adjustment. This study revealed that modifying risky lifestyles and dietary patterns, especially high energy intake, high protein intake, and high alcohol drinking, in middle-aged Korean adults could result in a prevalence decrease and/or prevention of hypertension.

17 View
0 Download

[English]
Dietary Intake Pattern of the Korean Adult Population by Weight Status: 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey: Yoonna Lee, Haeng Shin Lee, Young Ai Jang, Hae Jeung Lee, Bok Hee Kim, Cho Il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2006;11(3):317-326. Published online June 30, 2006

Abstract PDF: To explore the relationship between weight status and food intake pattern, the Nutrition Survey results of the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed. Dietary intake data of Korean adults aged 20 to 64, years who participated in the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey, was used along with their demographic data. Subjects were classified into 4 groups based on the BMI value of subjects: underweight, normal, overweight and obese. For male adults, obese subjects had significantly higher mean intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates, and fat than normal subjects. In addition, obese male adults consumed more animal foods, especially more meats, than normal subjects. However, females obese subjects did not show higher intake of energy or fat. Although obese male adults showed higher energy intake, calcium and iron intake per 1000 kcal was lower than normal adults. Average calcium intake in females was low; about 70% of RDA regardless of obesity level. In addition, riboflavin and Vitamin A intake was lower in overweight and obese female than in normal females. Percentage of subjects with low fruit and vegetable intake (<400 g per day) was also high in female subjects. These results showed that food and nutrient intake patterns of obese population were different between male and female adults. These dietary intake patterns need to be considered in developing and implementing nutrition policy and intervention programs to prevent and control obesity. Moreover, the National Survey and monitoring system should be developed for continuous and effective investigation on the relationship between obesity and dietary intake.

16 View
0 Download

[English]
Food and Nutrient Consumption Patterns of the Korean Adult Population by Income Level - 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey: Bok Hee Kim, Joung Won Lee, Yoonna Lee, Haeng Shin Lee, Young Ai Jang, Cho il Kim; Korean J Community Nutr 2005;10(6):952-962. Published online December 31, 2005

Abstract PDF: To explore the relationship between economic status and food and nutrient intake patterns, the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey result was analyzed. Dietary intake data of 6,978 Korean adults of 20 years and older who participated in the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey were used along with their demographic data. Economic status of the subjects was classified into the following 4 groups based on the self-reported average monthly income of household with reference to the minimum monthly living expenses (MLE) in 2001: low<100% MLE < or = middle<200% MLE < or = high<300% MLE < or = higher. Individuals in the higher income class had significantly higher mean intake for most of the nutrients including energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, calcium, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin C, and a higher percentage of energy intake from fat. In addition, they consumed more animal foods including meats, eggs, fish/shellfish, milk/dairy products and fats. On the other hand, the mean intakes of individuals in the lower economic class for calcium, vitamin A, and riboflavin were lower than 75% of RDAs. And, there was a predominant difference in contribution of fat to total energy intake among the groups of different economic status. These results showed that household income is an important factor influencing the food and nutrient intake patterns of the Korean adult population. Although individuals at different age classes may respond differently to a change in economic status, developing and implementing nutrition policy and intervention programs for those nutritionally vulnerable groups should consider the economic status as an important factor to customize and differentiate the content of the program.

15 View
0 Download

[English]
Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Status of Premenopausal Women: Se In Oh, Hang Shin Lee, Mee Sook Lee, Cho Il Kim, In Soon Kwon, Sang Chul Park; Korean J Community Nutr 2003;8(6):927-937. Published online December 31, 2003

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to investigate dietary and other factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean premenopausal women. Seventy-eight premenopausal women who visited the Health Promotion Center for health examinations volunteered to participate in this study. They were divided into two groups according to their bone status as shown by their T-scores: a non-osteoporotic group and a osteoporotic group. The results are as follows: The mean BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were 1.21 +/- 0.02 g/cm2 and 0.97 +/- 0.04 g/cm2, respectively. The BMD levels of the osteoporotic group were significantly lower than those of the non-osteoporotic group (p < 0.001, respectively). The heights of the women in the osteoporotic group were significantly lower than those of the non-osteoporotic group (p < 0.01) however, their body weights did not show any significant differences although they tended to be lower. The mean daily intake of energy was 1720 +/- 52 kcal. When the nutrient intake was compared with the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDA), calcium, Fe, vitamin A and riboflavin intakes were lower than the RDA. Their was no significant difference in the nutrient intake of the non-osteoporotic group and osteoporotic group except for the intakes of protein, fat and niacin. Their was no significant difference between the non-osteoporotic group and the osteoporotic group and all were within the normal range. However, the serum alkaline phosphatase level of the osteoporotic group was significantly higher than that of the non-osteoporotic group (p < 0.001). Height measurements showed positive correlations with lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD, r = 0.332, p < 0.01) however there was no correlation with femoral neck bone mineral density (NBMD). Age, age at menarche, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and obesity showed no correlation with BMD. The BMD of the lumbar spine was significantly and positively related to the intake of niacin and vitamin C (r = 0.236, p < 0.05; r = 0.274, p < 0.05). Serum levels of calcium and phosphorus showed negative correlations with LBMD (r = -0.698, p = 0.0001; r = -0.503, p = 0.0001, respectively). The results suggested that the BMD of the lumbar spine was positively related to the intake of niacin and vitamin C in premenopausal women. Therefore, this study confirmed that one of the most effective ways to minimize bone loss would be have a higher intake of niacin and vitamin C rich foods and engaging habitually in physical activity may have a beneficial effect on BMD in the premenopausal period.

20 View
0 Download

[English]
Evaluating Nutrient Intakes of Korean Elderly Using Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire: Hae Jeung Lee, Seon Joo Park, Jung Hee Kim, Cho Il Kim, Kyung Ja Chang, Kyeong Sook Yim, Kyungwon Kim, Haymie Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2003;8(3):311-318. Published online June 30, 2003

Abstract PDF: The aim of this study was to assess the nutrient intakes of the elderly subjects in Korea. Dietary assessment was carried out using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) developed by our laboratory, which included 98 commonly consumed food items selected from 1998 National Health and Nutritional Survey for Korean population. Subjects (n = 2,660) aged 50yr and over were recruited in Seoul, 6 metropolitan cities, and 8 mid-size cities. Calcium and riboflavin intakes of the elderly subjects aged 65 yr and over (n = 1,974) were much lower compared with Korean RDA. Nutrient intakes of the three age group (50-64 yr, 65-74 yr, 75 yr and over) were decreased as age increased in male and female elderly. Nutrient intakes of male elderly, 75 yr and over, were significantly decreased while in female elderly nutrient intakes were gradually decreased as age increased. Over 30% of the elderly subjects did not meet 75% RDA for calcium, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin. The proportion of the elderly subjects whose intakes were below 75% RDA was much higher than the elderly whose intakes were above 125% RDA, especially among the elderly aged 75 yr and over. This study revealed that the Korean elderly had inadequate intakes for many nutrients. This will cause a serious nutritional problem for the elderly.

16 View
0 Download

[English]
Development and Validation of a Computerized Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire Program for Evaluating the Nutritional Status of the Korean Elderly: Hae Jeung Lee, Seon Joo Park, Jung Hee Kim, Cho Il Kim, Kyung Ja Chang, Kyeong Sook Yim, Kyung Won Kim, Hay Mie Choi; Korean J Community Nutr 2002;7(2):277-285. Published online April 30, 2002

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to develop a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) for subjects aged 50yr and over and to evaluate the validity of this SQ-FFQ. Dietary intake was assessed using SQ-FFQ that included 98 commonly consumed flood items selected from the results of the Korean Health and Nutritional Survey, 1998. Subjects (n = 2,660) aged 50yr and over were recruited from 7 metropolitan cities and 8 small cities. Each subject was interviewed using this SQ-FFQ developed in our laboratory and 24hr-recall method. Excluding incomplete data, Data from 1,149 subjects were used in this validity study. The nutrient intakes assessed by this SQ-FFQ were validated by comparing with the results from 1 day 24-hour recalls. Pearson's correlation coefficients between two methods were 0.71, 0.64, 0.53, and 0.43 for energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat, respectively for all subjects. Spearman's correlation coefficients were higher than those of Pearson's correlation coefficients. Kappa values for energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat were 0.79, 0.72, 0.70, and 0.64, respectively. The percentage for misclassification of the lowest quartile into the highest quartile or vice versa was 1.25-1.39% for all nutrients. Therefore, this SQ-FFQ seems to be useful in assessing the nutritional status of the middle-aged and elderly subjects in Korea.

21 View
1 Download

[English]
Some Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Status of Postmenopausal Women: Se In Oh, Hang Shin Lee, Mee Sook Lee, Cho Il Kim, In Soon Kwon, Sang Chul Park; Korean J Community Nutr 2002;7(1):121-129. Published online February 28, 2002

Abstract PDF: Osteoporosis, the typical metabolic bone disease of the elderly, is characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. Genetic and environmental factors are known to play a key role in bone metabolism, and diet is also considered to be one of the important factors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship among the factors affecting BMD, including stature, body weight, age, time period since onset of menopause, and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Seventy-eight postmenopausal women who visited health promotion center for health examinations volunteered to participate in this study and they were divided into two groups according to the time period since onset of menopause : women with a time period since onset of menopause of less than 5 years (Group 1) and women with a time period since onset of menopause of 5 years or more (Group 2). The demographic characteristics and dietary intake were surveyed using a questionnaire. BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of subjects were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH), known to be indicators of bone related hormone status, were anlyzed. Serum samples were measured for calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin as bone formation indicators, and urine was analysed for deoxypyridinoline, creatinine, calcium, and sodium as bone resorption indicators. The results are as follow : The mean BMDs of the lumbar spin and femoral neck were 1.02+/-0.02 g/cm2 and 0.81 +/-0.02 g/cm2, respectively, and the BMD level of Group 2 was significantly lower than tat of Group 1 (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). The mean daily intake of energy was 1838 +/- 55 kcal. When nutrient intake was compared with the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) of the subjects, only calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin intake showed means lower than the RDA. The nutrient intake did not show any significant differences between Group 1 and 2 Serum and urine levels of biochemical markers of bone turnover did not show any significant differences between Group 1 and 2, and all were within the normal range. However, the PTH and deoxypyridinoline levels showed a tendency to be higher, and the osteocalcin level to be lower in Group 2 than in Group 1. Although age and years after menopause (YAM) showed negative correlations with lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD) (r= -0.38, p<0.001, and r= -0.26, p<0.05, respectively), no correlation was found with femoral neck bone mineral density (NBMD). While height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) showed a positive correlation with LBMD (r= 0.32, p<0.001, r= 0.38, p<0.001, r= 0.22, p= 0.05, respectively), only body weight and BMI showed a positive correlation with NBMD (r= 0.30, p<0.01, and r= 0.27, p<0.05, respectivley). There was no significant corealtion between BMDs and the nutrient intake of subjects, except in the case of carbohydrates (r= 0.22, p<0.05). Also, serum and urine levels of bone turnover markers showed no significant correlation with nutrient intake. On the other hand, serum osteocalcin had a positive correlation with vitamin C intake (r= 0.22, p= 0.05), and urine deoxypyridinolin showed a negative correlation with niacin intake (r= -0.22, p= 0.05). Urinary na was negatively correlated with protein intake(r= -0.23, p= 0.05). The results suggested that it is difficult to prevent the decrease in bone mass among postmenopausal women eating the usual Korean diet. However, the BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were positively related to body weight ad BMI in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study confirmed that one of the most effective ways to minimize bone loss in postmenopausal women would be to maintain an adequate body weight with balanced nutrient intake and activity in the pre-and postmenopausal periods.

15 View
0 Download

Author index