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[English]
Effects of a nutrition education program on metabolic syndrome risk factors in middle-aged Korean adults: an intervention study
Minji Kang, Young-Hee Park, Subeen Kim, Eunyoung Tak, Hyun Wook Baik, Hee Young Paik, Hyojee Joung
Korean J Community Nutr 2024;29(4):265-277.   Published online August 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2024.00005
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a nutrition education program on metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean adults.
Methods
A total of 411 Korean adults 30–59 years of age were allocated randomly into three groups: the nutrition education group for promoting Han-sik consumption (HG), the nutrition education group for eating balanced diet (EG), and the control group (CG). The HG and EG received four face-to-face nutrition education sessions over 16 weeks to improve nutritional problems based on the individual’ usual diet. Effectiveness of the program was evaluated with the differences of self-reported dietary behaviors, dietary intakes, anthropometric measurements and biochemical indices between the baseline and the end of the nutrition education program. The changes within groups were analyzed using paired t-test and McNemar test and effectiveness among three groups was analyzed by repeated analysis of variance.
Results
After the nutrition education, the percentages of participants who achieved the recommended food group consumption in the Korean Food Guidance Systems significantly increased in HG (P = 0.022). Body weight (P = 0.007), body mass index (P = 0.002), and triglycerides (P = 0.002) significantly decreased in HG. Waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure decreased in all three groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study found that tailored nutrition education program for middle aged Korean adults showed beneficial effects on improving dietary behaviors and metabolic syndrome risk factors. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of the nutrition education programs on metabolic syndrome risks.
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[Korean]
A Study on the Dietary and Lifestyle Changes of Middle-Aged Women in the Gwangju Area in the COVID-19 Era
Moon-Soon Kim, Bok-Mi Jung
Korean J Community Nutr 2021;26(4):259-269.   Published online August 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2021.26.4.259
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the changes in the eating habits and lifestyle of middle-aged women in Gwangju during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 428 middle-aged women aged between 40 and 60 participated in a survey relating to general information, food and lifestyle, health functional food, and menopausal symptoms. The correlation between the variables was analyzed. Results: In the positive habits, the intake of nutritional supplements for immunity enhancement increased the most, followed by the use of media to learn healthy eating tips, and diets including healthy food. Negative habits increased in the order of frequency of taking delivery orders, levels of stress or anxiety, and time spent sitting or watching movies. In the case of recommended foods, the intake increased the most in the order of eggs, fruits, vegetables, milk/dairy products, and seaweed. Non-recommended foods increased in the order of meat, bread, rice, and noodles. The awareness of health functional foods was in the increasing order of interest, knowledge, consumption experience, and purchase amount. The type of health functional food intake was in the increasing order of probiotics, multivitamin and mineral supplements, vitamin C, collagen, and omega-3. Menopausal symptoms were in the increasing order of bone and joint pain, poor sleep quality, emotional ups and downs, loneliness, and feeling of emptiness. In the correlation of major variables, positive habits showed a significant positive correlation with recommended food intake and the recognition of health functional foods. Negative habits showed a significant positive correlation with non-recommended food intake and a significant positive correlation with menopausal symptoms. Recommended food intake showed a significant positive correlation with health functional food recognition and intake and menopausal symptoms. Conclusions: This study suggests that it is necessary to establish social measures to reduce the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on middle-aged women and to ensure effective self-management through a healthy lifestyle since the pandemic has a long-term impact.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparative study on the health and dietary habits of Korean male and female adults before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: utilizing data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021)
    Chaemin Kim, Eunjung Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(1): 65.     CrossRef
  • Quality Characteristics of Staple Breads Based on Baking Methods
    Eun-Hee Doo
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(1): 77.     CrossRef
  • Dietary guidelines adherence and changes in eating habits among college students in the post-COVID-19 period: a cross-sectional study
    Eunyoung Yoon
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(3): 220.     CrossRef
  • Changes in dietary habits and chronic diseases before and after COVID-19 by regions using data from the 2018-2020 Korea Community Health Survey and Consumer Behavior Survey for Foods: a cross-sectional study
    Surim Park, Eun-hee Jang, Seungmin Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(2): 124.     CrossRef
  • 광주광역시 지역민의 영양교육 요구도 조사 분석
    은평 양, 경윤 김, 승희 최, 금비 류, 옥경 김, 정미 윤
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2023; 39(2): 100.     CrossRef
  • Consumers’ perceptions of dietary supplements before and after the COVID-19 pandemic based on big data
    Eunjung Lee, Hyo Sun Jung, Jin A Jang
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(3): 330.     CrossRef
  • Self-rated health according to change of lifestyle after COVID-19: Differences between age groups
    Dan Bi Lee, Jung Hyun Ahn, Jin Young Nam
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2022; 39(2): 1.     CrossRef
  • Factors Related to Changes of Daily Life during COVID-19
    Kyungjin Min, Pilhan Yun, Sangshin Park
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(4): 297.     CrossRef
  • Dietary Behavior and Diet Quality in the Korean Adult Population by Income Level before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2020)
    Hye-Min Na, Bok-Mi Jung
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2022; 33(3): 397.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
[English]
Relationship between Dietary Behaviors and Life Stress of Middle School Students in Gyeonggi Area
Kyung Ae Park, Myoung Sook Lee, Kyung Hee Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(5):384-394.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.5.384
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The study was performed to examine the dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students in the Gyeonggi area.
METHODS
A total of 580 middle school students (295males, 285 females) in the Gyeonggi area participated in the study between July and August in 2011. The study was a questionnaire-based survey that included dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and life stress.
RESULTS
For dietary habits, the score for drinking milk was higher in male students than in female students, whereas the score for eating fruits was higher in female students compared to male students. There were significant differences in foods eaten and preferred under stress between male and female students. Male students showed significantly less changes in the number of meals, amount of meal intake, number of snacks, snack intake, frequency of overeating, and appetite during stress than female students. Life stress score of students largely came from academic factors, and female students showed higher stress levels in personal and surrounding environment factors than male students. Life stress score was significantly lower in students with high and moderate levels of dietary habits than in students with a low level of dietary habits. Total score for dietary habits and scores for eating adequate amounts of foods for each meal, considering a combination of food groups at each meal and eating green and orange vegetables, were significantly negatively correlated with life stress score. Life stress score was significantly negatively correlated with meal regularity and positively with the level of overeating.
CONCLUSIONS
This study may provide basic information on dietary habits and life stress according to gender and the relationship between dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students, and it suggests gender-based nutrition education programs to solve undesirable dietary habits and dietary behaviors in students with higher stress.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Study on the Eating Out Behavior and the Status of Meal Delivery and Take-Out Consumption according to the Food-related Lifestyles of Adolescents : Using the Consumption Behavior Survey for Food in 2020
    Eun Jung Lee, Hyeon Min Yang, Yeong Ju Lee, Sun A Choi, Jeong Ok Rho
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(4): 284.     CrossRef
  • Life stress, dietary attitudes, and frequency of snack intake for college students in Seoul and Gyeonggi area: the difference between male and female students
    Hyun Seung Oh, Yu bin Kim, Soyoung Park, Kyunghee Song
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(1): 91.     CrossRef
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[English]
Study on Middle and High School Students' Use of Convenience Foods at Convenience Stores in Incheon
Seul Ki Lee, Mi Kyeong Choi, Mi Hyun Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(2):137-151.   Published online April 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.2.137
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The rapidly changing dietary environment requires a study that addresses the status of middle and high school students regarding their consumption of convenience food sold at convenience stores.
METHODS
This study examined adolescents' lifestyle patterns, dietary habits, and status of consuming convenience food at convenience stores. A total of 659 students (329 middle school students and 330 high school students) in Incheon participated in this questionnaire survey.
RESULTS
The mean age of the subjects was 13.7 years for the middle school students, and 16.6 years for the high school students. The gender and grade distributions in the middle and high school students were similar. The middle school students reported that they spent more time using electronic devices (p<0.001) or watching TV (p<0.001) than high school students. More than 60% of middle and high school students consumed convenience food at convenience stores without statistical difference between the two groups. The main reason for consuming convenience food from convenience stores was its convenience followed by taste in both groups. Despite the high frequency of consuming convenience food, the students rarely checked the nutrition labels at the time of purchase. On the other hand, they were still most concerned about the nutritional value of the convenience foods when they consumed convenience foods. The most frequently consumed convenience food was ramyon in both groups. Significant positive correlations were observed between the frequency of consuming convenience food at convenience stores and lifestyle factors for the middle school students, including monthly allowance, time for using electronic devices, and number of private lessons. For the high school students, however, the only monthly allowance had a significant positive correlation with the consumption.
CONCLUSIONS
Adolescents are increasingly exposed to convenience foods and relevant nutritional issues are a concern. Therefore, a dietary environment that is adequately formed for the healthy development of youth as well as systematic nutrient education that is appropriately designed for both middle and high school students is required.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Gen Z consumers’ expectations for smart convenience stores in the USA, South Korea, and Japan
    Summer Dahyang Jung, Sahej Claire, Sohyeong Kim
    Young Consumers.2024; 25(3): 400.     CrossRef
  • Study on the Eating Out Behavior and the Status of Meal Delivery and Take-Out Consumption according to the Food-related Lifestyles of Adolescents : Using the Consumption Behavior Survey for Food in 2020
    Eun Jung Lee, Hyeon Min Yang, Yeong Ju Lee, Sun A Choi, Jeong Ok Rho
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(4): 284.     CrossRef
  • The frequency of convenience food consumption and attitude of sodium and sugar reduction among middle and high school students in Seoul: a descriptive study
    Seoyeon Park, Yeonhee Shin, Seoyeon Lee, Heejung Park
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(4): 269.     CrossRef
  • Determination of the migration of plastic additives and non-intentionally added substances into food simulants and the assessment of health risks from convenience food packaging
    Eun Chul Pack, Kyung Youn Lee, Jin Seop Jung, Dae Yong Jang, Hyung Soo Kim, Ye Ji Koo, Ho Geon Lee, Young Soon Kim, Kyung Min Lim, Seung Ha Lee, Dal Woong Choi
    Food Packaging and Shelf Life.2021; 30: 100736.     CrossRef
  • Association between breakfast and lifestyle, interest in beauty care, and attitude toward breakfast in high school girls in Incheon
    Seolmi Lee, Mi-Hyun Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(3): 288.     CrossRef
  • Convenience Store Use and the Health of Urban Adolescents in Seoul, South Korea
    Nan-He Yoon, Changwoo Shon
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(18): 6486.     CrossRef
  • Association between frequency of convenience foods use at convenience stores and dietary quality among high school students in Incheon
    Eun-Mi Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Mi-Hyun Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(4): 383.     CrossRef
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[English]
Field Application and Evaluation of Health Status Assessment Tool based on Dietary Patterns for Middle-Aged Women
Hye Jin Lee, Kyung Hea Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2018;23(4):277-288.   Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.4.277
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to verify the validity and judgment criteria setting of a health status assessment tool based on dietary patterns for middle-aged women.
METHODS
A total of 474 middle-aged women who visited the Comprehensive Medical Examination Center at Hanmaeum Hospital in Changwon were enrolled (IRB 2013-0005). The validity was verified using clinical indicators for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS), and it was used to set the criteria for the tool. A logistic regression analysis was performed for validation. The area under-receiver operation (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and Youden Index were calculated through ROC curve analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 21, and p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
RESULTS
The mean score of the group with no MS (73.3 points) was significantly higher compared to the group with MS (65.7 points) (p < 0.001). An analysis of the association between the tool scores and risk of MS showed a 0.15-fold reduction in the risk of MS every time the tool's score increased by one point. As the result of the ROC curve analysis, the assessment reference point was set to 71 points, indicating 77.0% sensitivity and 61.0% specificity. Risk of MS was significantly higher in the group with a score of less than 71.0 than a group with more than 71 points (OR=5.28, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
This study was the first attempt to develop a health status assessment tool based on the dietary patterns for middle-aged women, and this tool has proven its usefulness as an MS assessment tool through the application of middle-aged women in the field of health screening.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association of milk and dairy product consumption with the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults: a 16-year follow-up of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
    Yeseung Jeong, Kyung Won Lee, Hyekyeong Kim, Yuri Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(6): 1225.     CrossRef
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[English]
Relationship between Snack Intake and Oral Health Behavior of Middle School Students in Gyeonggi Area
Hyunsook Kang, Kyunghee Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(4):336-346.   Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.4.336
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The study was performed to investigate the relationship between snack intake and oral health behavior in middle school students in Gyeonggi-do area.
METHODS
The survey questionnaire was recorded by middle school students from July 6 to August 24, 2011. The questionnaire included items on general characteristics, snack intake status, and oral health behavior. Among collected survey questionnaire, a total of 620 questionnaires (320 males and 300 females) were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 program.
RESULTS
Frequencies of snack and beverage intakes were significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). Oral health behavior was significantly higher in students with lower snack intake compared to those with higher or average snack intake (p < 0.05). Oral health behavior for tooth brushing and toothbrush care were significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Oral health behavior score that reflected better oral health of the subjects were higher as the snack intake was lower. Oral health behavior score was higher in females than in males. We conclude that the contents for oral health and nutrition education focused on snack intake need to be developed to induce changes in oral health behavior in middle school students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of frequency of consumption of cariogenic snacks by freshmen versus the senior dental students in Tehran and the related factors: a cross-sectional study
    Mahdia Gholami, Simin Z Mohebbi, Milad Mafakheri, Houra Shahhosseini
    BMJ Open.2024; 14(9): e086041.     CrossRef
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[English]
Effects of Nutrition Education at a Community Health Center on Overweight and Obese Middle-aged Women in Jeonbuk Area-Focused on Personalized Daily Energy Requirement and Food Exchange Units
Se Yeon Kim, Sook Bae Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(4):307-322.   Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.4.307
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the effects of nutrition education focused on personalized daily energy requirement and food units using Food Exchange System on anthropometric, biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrient intakes for overweight and obese in a public health center.
METHODS
The subjects were 60 overweight/obese women based on BMI (educated 30 vs. noneducated 30, 50~64 years). Educated group was provided individual and/or group lessons (40 min/ lesson/week, 5 week), ‘Introduction: obese & health’, ‘6 nutrients and 6 food groups’, ‘My obesity & daily needed energy’, ‘Meal planning for personalized daily energy and food units using Food Exchange Systems’, and ‘Smart food choices’. After education, we examined the differences in anthropometric/biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrient intakes between educated group and non-educated group.
RESULTS
After nutrition education, in the educated group, there were improvements on anthropometric/biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrient intakes in the educated group compared to the non-educated group. We observed a decrease in the mean weight, total cholesterol (TC) and the incidence of overweight/obesity and hypercholesterolemia and an increase in the mean lean body mass. The scores of nutrition knowledge, ‘Function of carbohydrate, protein, vitamin, mineral’ and ‘Food Sources of fat, vitamin, mineral’ were increased. The scores of dietary attitudes, ‘Taking a joyful meal, a leisurely meal, a balanced meal, a meal with sufficient vegetables, a meal with diversity, a meal with spicy foods, a meal with overeating’ were increased. The intakes of energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamin A, thiamin, Zn and cholesterol were decreased. The scores of INQ, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B6, folate, Ca, P, Fe, Zn were increased.
CONCLUSIONS
The nutrition education focused on personalized daily energy requirement and food exchange unit using Food Exchange System for overweight and obese may improve food behavior, dietary intakes and symptoms of overweight and obese, even in a community health center.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Influence of Comprehensive Lifestyle Intervention (LSI) Program on Health, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Middle-Aged Women
    Su-Jin Jung, Seung-Ok Lee, Min-Jun Choi, Jun Heo, Soo-Wan Chae, Baik-Hwan Cho
    Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.2022; 12(3): 127.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Nutrition Education and Exercise Program on Obesity Index and Behavioral Modification in Moderate Obese Women
    Myung-Hee Chang, Su-Jin Jung
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(4): 318.     CrossRef
  • Effects of an Intensive Management Program for Diabetic Patients on a Blood Biochemical Profile and Diabetes Knowledge
    Su-Jeong Yeo, Bok-Hee Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(2): 148.     CrossRef
  • 166 View
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  • 3 Crossref
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[English]
Survey on Foodservice Satisfaction and Dietary Education needs for Improvement of School Foodservice in Middle School Students in Seoul
Kyung Hee Shin, Youngmee Lee, Wookyoun Cho
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(2):127-135.   Published online April 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.2.127
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to examine the satisfaction of school cafeterias among the surveyed group at two middle schools located in Seoul.
METHODS
574 out of 600 middle school students in Seoul (95.7%) completed the study.
RESULTS
Satisfaction rate of school meals was significantly higher among girls (73.2%) compared to boys (45.1%). The reasons for satisfaction factors of school meals were with the taste of school meals (55.1%), menu (19.3%), nutrition (14.2%), and food hygiene safety (7.0%). Students who had a double-income family, well-educated mother and higher happiness in their life reported a higher satisfaction with school meals. Both boys and girls who consumed milk frequently showed significantly higher satisfaction with school meals. Factors that were related to satisfaction of school meals were food temperature, the amount of food (especially among boys). Variety in the menu and food distribution speed were less related to the satisfaction of meals. In the case of girls, waiting time, food distribution speed were more important to them while the kindness of school staff was a less important factor. Improvements that were needed to increase the satisfaction for the school lunch meals, from the most important to least important were as follows: variety of meals (36.6%), food distribution speed·waiting time (24.6%), taste of food (15.7%), amount of food (7.7%), hygienic management (5.1%), food quality (4.7%), kindness (3.0%), temperature of the food (2.8%). Students preferred to broadcast on campus and cooking practice for the dietary education.
CONCLUSIONS
To improve school meal satisfaction, it is necessary for food distribution facilities to make improvements with regard to variety of meals and reduced waiting time.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Development and evaluation of an intervention to improve food and nutrition literacy among Iranian Kurdish primary school children: An application of intervention mapping approach
    Mohammad Ahmadpour, Nasrin Omidvar, Elham Shakibazadeh, Azam Doustmohammadian, Abbas Rahimiforoushani
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Feasibility Study on Application of Revised Nutritional Standards for School Lunches: Consumer Satisfaction Survey
    Meeyoung Kim, Youngmin Nam
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2019; 29(5): 367.     CrossRef
  • Improving Perception and Satisfaction on Middle and High School Foodservice: The Role of Student Participation Program in Serving School Meals
    Jeong-Eun Park, Kyung-Suk Choi
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(3): 243.     CrossRef
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[English]
Metabolic Syndrome Risk by Intake Ratio and Intake Pattern of Proteins in Middle-aged Men Based on the 2012-2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Minkyoung Jang, Eunsil Her, Kyunghea Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(4):366-377.   Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.4.366
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to compare intake of energy nutrients, physical characteristics, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to protein intake group.
METHODS
Subjects were 827 men aged 40-65 years. The results presented were based on data from the 2012-2013 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and analyzed using SPSS. The odds ratio (OR) of metabolic syndrome was assessed according to the protein intake group and intake pattern of protein-rich foods.
RESULTS
The mean of protein intake was 73.96 ± 0.71 g. According to level of protein intake, four groups (deficient, normal, excess 1, excess 2) were created and their percentages were 8.3%, 39.6%, 37.1%, and 15.0% respectively. The mean of daily energy intake was 2,312.33 ± 24.08 kcal. It was higher in excess group 2 than in the deficiency group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the intake of all energy nutrients increased significantly with protein intake group (p < 0.001). The main contribution to daily protein included mixed grains (10.96 ± 0.32 g), milled rice (7.14 ± 0.30 g), chicken (3.50 ± 0.21 g), and grilled pork belly (3.04 ± 0.16 g). With regard to physical characteristics, and blood pressure and blood test results, only body mass index increased significantly according to protein intake groups (p < 0.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in subjects was 38.5%, and there was no significant correlation with protein intake group. The OR of metabolic syndrome increased with protein intake, and was higher 4.452 times in excess group 2 than in the normal group (p < 0.05). Conversely, the OR of metabolic syndrome according to the frequency of protein-rich food intake did not show a significant correlation.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study can be used as significant supporting data to establish guidelines for protein intake in middle-aged men.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of diet quality according to the eating-out patterns of preschoolers and school-aged children in South Korea: based on data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Yu-na Ju, Youngmi Lee, Kyunghee Song, Yujin Lee
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(2): 165.     CrossRef
  • Dietary Safety Management Awareness and Competency for Healthcare among Adults in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Areas
    Yunhwa Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(2): 112.     CrossRef
  • Metabolic Syndrome Risk by Dietary Fat Energy Ratio in Middle-aged Men - Using the 2012~2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data -
    Eun-Sil Her
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(6): 1030.     CrossRef
  • 153 View
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  • 3 Crossref
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[English]
Health Status Assessment Tool Development based on Dietary Patterns in Middle-Aged Women
Hye Jin Lee, Kyung Hea Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(1):37-52.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.1.37
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to develop an assessment tool for middle aged women's health status based on dietary patterns, which will have practical applications in the working field of health and hygiene, aiming at improving the middle aged women's quality of life through their health improvement.
METHODS
As a first step, a literature review was conducted and the original data of '2008~2009 Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey' were reanalyzed. This analysis identified 65 preliminary questions that may be relevant to the study. After verifying the content validity by experts, the 65 questions were reduced into 51 questions. In order to secure higher validity of the candidate items, verification of their clinical validity was conducted among women aged between 45 and 60 years. Finally, an assessment tool was developed by applying weight and scoring.
RESULTS
Selected 51 questions were used to verify clinical validity and the results showed that 20 questions were relevant, nine questions ('regular meal time', 'regular amount of meal', 'intake frequency of dairy products', 'intake frequency of fruits', 'intake frequency of meat products', 'intake frequency of high cholesterol foods', 'intake frequency of salty foods', 'appetite', 'eat breakfast everyday') were related to dietary life. Eleven other questions ('self-rated health status', 'deep sleep', 'smoking', 'frequency of drinking', 'stress levels', 'health-related fitness levels', 'pounding of the heart', 'strange feelings on the skin', 'interfere with daily life', 'menopause will bring you a chance to see the life in a different perspective', and 'body mass index') were selected as valid questions. For the response scale for each question, 5 point Likert scale was used to make total 100 point score.
CONCLUSIONS
This study is the first attempt to develop a health status assessment tool for middle aged women based on their dietary patterns. We conclude that this tool is expected to be a useful and practical tool in the field.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Food consumption frequency of Korean adults based on whether or not having chewing difficulty using 2013–2016 KNHANES by sex-stratified comparative analysis
    Mi Jeong Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2020; 14(6): 637.     CrossRef
  • Field Application and Evaluation of Health Status Assessment Tool based on Dietary Patterns for Middle-Aged Women
    Hye-Jin Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(4): 277.     CrossRef
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[English]
The Influence of Self-resilience on Dietary Management in Middle School Students
Yunhwa Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(6):399-410.   Published online December 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.6.399
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to identify self-resilience factors that drive right dietary and food safety practices in middle school students.
METHODS
Data was collected from 438 middle school students in Daegu using a self-administered questionnaire in December, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of 81 items with the following categories: general information, self-resilience, right dietary and food safety practices. Statistical analyses to determine frequency, average, ANOVA, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were performed using SPSS 21.
RESULTS
The results of factor analysis indicated that self-resilience was classified into challenge, adaptability, patience and achievement needs, and right dietary practices were sub-grouped into family meals, experience of dietary life, eco-friendly, balanced food, economy and bad food control, and food safety practices consisted of management of bacteria, hand washing and eating off a plate, safety food and food purchasing. The score of right dietary and food safety practices showed significant differences by sex, grade, and school achievement (p < 0.05). The economy factor of right dietary practices was significantly affected by the management of bacteria (p < 0.001), hand washing and eating off a plate (p < 0.001), safety food (p < 0.01), food purchasing of food safety practices (p < 0.05). The challenge factor of self-resilience significantly affected family meals, experience of dietary life, balanced food, economy, bad food control, management of bacteria, hand washing and eating off a plate, and safety food (p < 0.05). The adaptability factor of self-resilience was associated with factors such as eco-friendly, balanced food, economy, bad food control, management of bacteria, hand washing and eating off a plate, and food purchasing (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that dietary education programs for middle school students could incorporate food safety practices, and self-resilience such as challenge, adaptability, patience and achievement needs to be effective.

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  • Exploring the connection between ego-resiliency and health behaviors: a cross-sectional study of Polish health sciences students
    Małgorzata Dębska-Janus, Paweł Dębski, Agnieszka Nawrocka, Jacek Polechoński, Wojciech Madejczyk, Karina Badura-Brzoza
    BMC Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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[English]
A Comparison of Dietary Habits, Weight Control Behaviors, Eating Disorder Risk, and Depression of Middle School Girls according to Various Stages of Dieting
Aekyung Jung, Hyunsuk Ryu, Kyunghee Song, Hongmie Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(3):178-187.   Published online June 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.3.178
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to compare dietary habits, weight control behaviors, eating disorder risk and depression among middle school girls who were at various stages of dieting.
METHODS
Subjects were 391 girls attending a middle school in Kyeonggido, Korea. All the information was gathered by self-administered questionnaires. Eating disorder risk and depression were assessed using EAT-26 and PHQ-9, respectively. Data were compared among 4 groups; no interest in a diet (N=112), had experienced dieting (N=86), on diet currently (N=71), and plan to diet (N=122).
RESULTS
A higher number of students currently on diet tended to be unsatisfied with their own weight (p < 0.01), overestimated their weight (p < 0.05), and weighed own body frequently (p < 0.001), compared to those with only experienced dieting in the past or those who plan to diet, despite similar weights and body mass index. The students who experienced dieting in the past or those who plan to diet appeared to have several undesirable as well as desirable dietary habits and their risk of eating disorder was significantly more prevalent compared to those without an interest in dieting (p < 0.01), although significantly less prevalent compared to those currently on a diet.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that unnecessary dieting is common among middle school girls and providing proper education with regard to healthy weights is needed to enhance their physical as well as psychological wellbeing.

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  • Relationship between consumer behavior, perception of nutritional information, and menu factors on fast food using eye-tracking: A study on university students in Jeonju
    Kyungjong Min, Kunjong Lee, Heajung Chung
    Food Science and Preservation.2024; 31(3): 408.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between convergence awareness for healthy weight management and eating behavior, creativity and convergence competency of adolescents
    Yunhwa Kim, Youngmi Lee, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2022; 55(3): 376.     CrossRef
  • Factors influencing disordered eating behavior based on the theory of triadic influence
    Jee Hee Han, Sun Ah Kim, Sue Kim, Jin Young Park
    Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2019; 55(3): 366.     CrossRef
  • Tendency and Network Analysis of Diet Using Big Data
    Eun-Jin Jung, Un-Jae Chang
    Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2016; 22(4): 310.     CrossRef
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[English]
The Risk of Metabolic Syndrome by Dietary Patterns of Middle-aged Adults in Gyeonggi Province
You Sin Lee, Moo Yong Lee, Sim Yeol Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(6):527-536.   Published online December 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.6.527
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess how nutrient intakes are related to risk factors for metabolic syndrome according to dietary patterns in the middle-aged adults.
METHODS
The subjects (n = 187; 47 men, 140 women) consisted of middle-aged adults over 30 years old in Ilsan area. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the data collected from each subject, including anthropometric measurements and blood analyses. The dietary patterns were derived from the average of two-day dietary intake data.
RESULTS
Factor analysis identified three major dietary patterns which were "Meats and alcohol", "Mixed grains, vegetables and fruits", and "Rice, Kimchi and fish & shellfish". The daily intakes of energy, protein, and sodium increased across quartiles of "Meats and alcohol" pattern scores (p < 0.05), whereas the intakes of carbohydrates, potassium, calcium, and fiber increased across quartiles of "Mixed grains, vegetables and fruits" pattern scores (p < 0.001). The "Meats and alcohol" pattern scores were positively correlated with protein and sodium intakes but inversely correlated with carbohydrates, fiber and potassium intakes which were adjusted for age, sex and energy (p < 0.05). The highest quartile pattern score of "Meats and alcohol" pattern had elevated odds ratio of abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05). The risk of hypertriglyceridemia decreased in the highest quartile of "Mixed grains, vegetables and fruits" pattern (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.12-1.00).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggested that reducing the consumption of meat and alcohol along with increasing fruits, vegetables and mixed grains would be helpful for preventing the metabolic syndrome and chronic diseases.

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  • Association between the Korean Healthy Diet Score and Metabolic Syndrome: Effectiveness and Optimal Cutoff of the Korean Healthy Diet Score
    Soo-Hyun Kim, Hyojee Joung
    Nutrients.2024; 16(19): 3395.     CrossRef
  • The Relationship between Meal Regularity and Oral Health and Metabolic Syndrome of Adults in Single Korean Households
    Jin-Ah Jung, Hye-Won Cheon, On-Ju Ju
    Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2021; 21(3): 185.     CrossRef
  • Metabolic Syndrome Risk by Dietary Fat Energy Ratio in Middle-aged Men - Using the 2012~2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data -
    Eun-Sil Her
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(6): 1030.     CrossRef
  • Reduction of Plasma Triglycerides and Cholesterol in High Fat Diet-Induced Hyper-Lipidemic Mice by n-3 Fatty Acid from Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miquel) Seed Oil
    Hyelin Jeon, Su-Jin Oh, Hyun Soo Nam, Yoon Seok Song, Kyung-Chul Choi
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2015; 44(7): 961.     CrossRef
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[English]
The Effects of Low-sodium Diet Education Program on Dietary Habits, Diet Quality and Obesity Index in Overweight and Obese Middle-aged Women
Soo Bin Jeong, Seoyun Park, Sohyun Ahn, Jin Nam Kim, Hye Kyeong Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(6):513-526.   Published online December 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.6.513
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of low sodium diet education program on dietary habits, diet quality, and measures of obesity in overweight or obese middle-aged women.
METHODS
Subjects were 81 individuals aged 45 years or over, who completed an 8-week nutrition education. The subjects were divided into a normal group (N = 30) and an overweight-obese group (N = 51) according to the BMI. The effects were evaluated by anthropometric measurement, biochemical analysis, questionnaire, and diet records before and after the program.
RESULTS
Overweight-obese group showed significant decreases in weight (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.0001), percent of body fat (p = 0.0087), waist circumference (p < 0.0001), systolic (p = 0.0003) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.0261). Nutrients intakes were not different between the two groups and only sodium intake was decreased after education. Total score of general dietary habits, dietary behavior related to sodium intake, dietary diversity score (DDS), diet variety score (DVS), and diet quality index-international (DQI-I) were improved in both groups compared to the baseline. Overweight-obese group showed significant improvement in 'having fruits everyday', 'having fish everyday', 'trying to eat many kinds of food', 'eating less broth when eating soup, stew, and noodles', 'eating less kimchi and salt-fermented vegetable', and 'propensity to think that dishes should be pretty seasoned'. In addition, moderation of empty calories food (p = 0.0064) and macronutrient ratio (p = 0.0004) were improved in the overweigh-obese group, but in the normal group, the results did not reach statistical significance.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggested that low sodium diet education program may contribute to obesity management by improving diet quality and dietary habits in middle-aged women.
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[English]
The relationship between Intake of Health Foods and Dietary Behavior in Middle-Aged Women
Mi Hee Kim, Hye Jin Lee, Mi Jeong Kim, Kyung Hea Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(5):436-447.   Published online October 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.5.436
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate the health food consumption patterns and their relationship to dietary behavior in middle-aged women (45-60 years).
METHODS
The exclusive face-to-face interviews by well-trained interviewers guaranteed a scientific data collection and the quality of survey data of 731 women. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the intake of the health foods, 'Intake' group (> or = 3.2, n = 488) and 'Non-intake' group (n = 243). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program.
RESULTS
The average age of the subjects was 49.8 years and 66.8% of subjects were taking the health foods. Vitamins and minerals were consumed by the subjects. The major reason for intake of health foods was that they provide nutrient supplements may prevent diseases. More than 70% of the subjects reported checking nutrition information, ingredients, recommended daily intakes, instructions, when they bought the health foods. The average dietary life score of the intake group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the non-intake group. In analysis of exploratory factors of dietary life, the intake group showed significantly higher score (p < 0.001) in 'moderation of food intake' among the 4 exploratory factors.
CONCLUSIONS
These results showed that women who took health foods had better dietary behavior than others suggesting a positive relation between the dietary behavior and the health food consumption. Therefore, we suggest that developing guidelines and then educating women about those guidelines could improve the ability of choosing health foods appropriately for their own benefit.

Citations

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  • Association of milk and dairy product consumption with the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults: a 16-year follow-up of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
    Yeseung Jeong, Kyung Won Lee, Hyekyeong Kim, Yuri Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(6): 1225.     CrossRef
  • The Association between 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Score Calculated Using 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level among Aged 40–79 Years in Korea: The Sixth K
    Mun Hee Kim, Young Sang Kim, Hye Jin Oh, Yu Ri Kwon, Hye Won Kim
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2018; 39(3): 174.     CrossRef
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A Study on Dietary Habits, Body Satisfaction and Nutritional Knowledge by Body Image of Middle School Girl Students in Chungbuk Area
Jee Young Yeon, Ki Yong Shin, Soon Kyu Lee, Hye Young Lee, Baeg Won Kang, Hye Kyung Park
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(5):442-456.   Published online October 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.5.442
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This study was performed to investigate the dietary habits, body satisfaction and nutritional knowledge according to body image of middle school girl students (n = 284). The subjects were classified as lean, normal and fat groups according to body image. The weight, body mass index (BMI) and the score of body image were significantly higher in the students who recognized their body image as 'fat'. The satisfaction of present body image was significantly lower in students who recognized their body image as 'lean'. The interest in weight control and experience of weight control were significantly higher in students who recognized their body image as 'fat'. The necessity of nutrition education was higher in all groups (lean 67.2%, normal 59.0% and fat 52.8%). The products used to feel sweetened were sweetened ice (68.7%), processed milk (68.3%), confectionery (62.3%), carbonated beverage (55.3%), fermented milk (38.0%) and none (6.0%). The frequency of consumption of fruit juices and fried food was significantly higher in 'normal' compared to 'fat'. There was no significant difference in the frequency of consumption of snack and nutritional knowledge among the three groups. In the multiple regression analysis, the score of body image was negatively associated with the frequency of snack consumption in the 'lean'. The score of body image was positively associated with identification of nutrition labels and an interest in weight control but was negatively associated with satisfaction of present body image in the 'fat'. Based on these results, we conclude that, the middle school girl students need correct recognition of body image and continuous and practical nutrition education in order to maintain healthy dietary habits.

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  • A Study on the Effects of Obesity Stress and Body Shape Awareness on Physical Aesthetics in Adult Women after the Pandemic through Self-efficacy
    Eun-Hee Kim, Chae-Jeong Han
    Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology.2024; 30(5): 971.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Sugar and Sodium Contents and Their Intakes in Snack Food Groups : A Focus on Cookies, Nuts, Fruits, Dairy Products, and Beverages
    Yun-Jung Bae, Kyoung-A Choi, Yu-Mi Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2022; 32(4): 263.     CrossRef
  • Body Weight Perception, Mental Health, and Weight Control Behavior in Normal Weight Adolescents: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015
    Eun Jee Lee
    Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(2): 249.     CrossRef
  • Perception of sugar reduction, nutrition education, and frequency of snacking in children by the self-perceived sweet dietary habits of mothers in Busan
    Jee-Young Yeon, Soon-Kyu Lee
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2016; 10(5): 546.     CrossRef
  • Dietary Behaviors and Total Sugar Intake from Snacks of Female College Students according to Sweet Taste Perception
    Mi-Hyun Kim, Yun-Jung Bae, Jee-Young Yeon
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(2): 267.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study on Dietary Habits, Unbalanced Diet and Intake of Food Groups in Middle School Students - by Gender and Region -
    Myung-Hee Kim
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Body Image and Dietary Behavior in Middle and High School girls in Gyeongbuk Area
    Hye-Jin Kim, Kyung-A Lee
    Korean journal of food and cookery science.2015; 31(4): 497.     CrossRef
  • Recognition and Usage of Nutrition Labeling for Processed Foods and Restaurant Meals according to the Effort Level of Healthy Dietary Behavior in 5th Grade Elementary School Girls
    Jin-Ah Moon, Jung-Eun Kong, Gui-Im Moon, Baeg-Won Kang, Jee-Young Yeon
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2015; 28(5): 849.     CrossRef
  • Associations of Eating Habits with Obesity and Nutrition Knowledge for Middle and High School Adolescents in Shanghai and Heze China
    Yang Song, Hyo-Jin Ahn, Ji-Hye Choi, Se-Young Oh
    Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2014; 29(6): 648.     CrossRef
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[English]
Middle School Students' Perception of Environment-friendly Agricultural Products (EAPs) and the Degree of Confidence about the Certification Mark in Daegu
Ji Yeon Jang, Mi Kyung Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(4):324-332.   Published online August 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.324
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purpose of this study was to investigate middle school students' perception of environment-friendly agricultural products (EAPs) and the degree of confidence about the certification mark. Questionnaires were distributed to 444 students of 6 middle schools located in Daegu, and a total of 416 responses were used for analysis. 28.6% of the respondents were using EAPs at home, and 62.0% of respondents didn't know whether to use EAPs at home. The 6 items representing the perception of EAPs were analyzed, resulting in 2 distinct dimensions-'benefits of EAPs' and 'attitude toward EAPs'. Regarding Benefits of EAPs, the score of 'EAPs better for health' was the highest, followed by 'EAPs have higher quality', 'EAPs were better for environmental protection', respectively. The proportion of students responded that 'the amount of pesticides should be reduced gradually' was 65.5% and only 3.4% for 'current level of pesticide use is not a problem'. There were significant differences between male and female students with regard to an interest in EAPs (p < 0.05) and opinion on the use of pesticides (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between groups with different education level of mothers. The respondents who use EAPs at home showed significantly higher scores with attitude toward EAPs (p < 0.001), and higher response rate for 'pesticides should not be used even if the price increases' (p < 0.05). Degree of confidence about the EAPs certification mark also affected students' perception of EAPs (p < 0.001). Our results indicate the importance of education for students on EAPs to enhance students' attitude towards EAPs and improve school meal satisfaction.
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A Study on the Correlation between Middle School Students' Eating Disorder Behavior and Scholastic Adjustment
Joo Yeon Yoo, Yang Ho Jin, Se Jeong Bae
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(6):707-713.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.707
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purpose of this study was to verify the difference of middle school students' eating disorder behavior and scholastic adjustment according to the gender and weight group and evaluate correlations between their eating disorder behavior and scholastic adjustment. A survey was conducted in middle school second graders attending five schools located in Seoul. Results from 355 questionnaire sheets were utilized for statistical analysis, and the results were gained as below: With regard to eating disorder behavior by gender, female students showed more eating disorder behavior than male students (p < 0.01); however, scholastic adjustment did not indicate significant differences by gender. According to the result of analyzing scholastic adjustment according to the weight group, the obese group showed lower scholastic adjustment (p < 0.05) and adjustment to studying (p < 0.01) than other groups; however, the eating disorder behavior, attachment to school, and adjustment to school did not indicate significant differences. According to the results of analyzing scholastic adjustment by eating disorder group, the normal group showed higher adjustment to studying than the risky group (p < 0.01). And scholastic adjustment, attachment to school, and adjustment to school did not indicate significant differences. The eating disorder behavior showed negative relationship with adjustment to studying. They showed more eating disorder behavior, their adjustment to studying became lower. Therefore, it is necessary to provide nutritional education at home and at school for them to have appropriate dietary habits as well as health education for them to maintain normal weight.

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  • Factors related to adolescent obesity and changes: a cross-sectional study based on the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey
    Bora Lee, Ho Kyung Ryu
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(5): 363.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Factors Influencing the Obesity of Adolescents in South Korea
    Myung-Hee Jung, Jee-Seon Yi, Hye-Sun Jung
    Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2016; 29(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in factors influencing the school adjustment by BMI
    Ji Yeong Seo
    Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society.2015; 26(2): 429.     CrossRef
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Comparative Analysis of the Quality Attributes Affecting Students' Satisfaction on School Lunch Service of Middle School by Year
Bo Sook Yi
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(4):479-493.   Published online August 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.4.479
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This study was conducted to investigate quality attributes which could affect foodservic satisfaction by the year (2005, 2008, 2011) and dining area (classroom vs. dining hall) in order to find ways to improve school lunch service and foodservice satisfaction of middle school students. The numbers of those surveyed were 1,103 students in 2005, 1,917 students in 2008, and 1,921 students in 2011. Overall foodservice satisfaction was significantly increased gradually in dining hall food service: 3.29 +/- 1.21 in 2005, 3.45 +/- 1.00 in 2008, 3.94 +/- 0.98 in 2011. In classroom food service, overall foodservice satisfaction was not significantly different between in 2005 (3.09 +/- 0.97) and in 2008 (2.98 +/- 1.02), but it was significantly increased in 2011 (4.05 +/- 1.00). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that overall foodservice satisfaction was most affected by the taste of food. The importance of 11 quality attributes except food sanitation and gathering feedback on school meals was significantly increased in 2011 compared with 2005. Food sanitation among 13 attributes was most important attribute in 2005 and 2011. The numbers of quality attributes affecting students' overall foodservice satisfaction were 5 to 7 by year, those attributes were almost identical with attributes which students thought importantly. Therefore, in order to increase the overall foodservice satisfaction of the school lunch service continually, it is recommended to identify the quality attributes that are important to students, and to check their levels of performance in order to overcome their differences.

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  • Analysis of the Frequently Served Menus and Trends in Nationwide School Lunch Meals: 2021∼2023 Data from the School Meal Menu Information on the NEIS Open Educational Information Portal
    Seo Ha Lee, Insun Kang, Bo Kyung Kwon, Hyo Bin Im, Min A Lee
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2024; 53(10): 1084.     CrossRef
  • Examining Boarding School Foodservice Satisfaction and Patronage of Sources of Meals
    Christopher Mensah, Melody Enyonam Appietu
    Journal of Culinary Science & Technology.2020; 18(6): 507.     CrossRef
  • Improving Perception and Satisfaction on Middle and High School Foodservice: The Role of Student Participation Program in Serving School Meals
    Jeong-Eun Park, Kyung-Suk Choi
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(3): 243.     CrossRef
  • A Survey of Satisfaction with Quality attributes of Meal Services for Low-income Children in Wonju
    Hae Sook Oh
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2014; 25(2): 233.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Quality Attribute and Satisfaction on School Foodservice in 2010
    Il-Sun Yang, Bo-Sook Yi, Moon-Kyung Park, Seung-Hee Baek, Yoo-Sun Chung, Jin-Yi Jeong, Yoon-Ji Kim, Hye-Young Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(5): 491.     CrossRef
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Characteristics of the Health Factors in 45~60 Year Old Korean Women related to Menopausal Stages: Based on 2008~2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Hye Jin Lee, Kwang Hyun Cho, Kyung Hea Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(4):450-462.   Published online August 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.4.450
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
We analyzed data from the combined 2008~2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to compare the health factors related to menopausal stages in 45~60 year old Korean women. In this study, we classified the subjects into a premenopausal group (n = 439) and a postmenopausal group (n = 683). In the postmenopausal group, age was higher (p < 0.001), monthly income (p < 0.01) and education levels (p < 0.001) were significantly lower than in the premenopausal group. Body fat % and waist circumferences were also higher in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. The serum glucose (p < 0.05), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001), triglyceride (p < 0.001), GOT (p < 0.001), GPT (p < 0.001) in the postmenopausal group were higher than in the premenopausal group. The postmenopausal group showed a significantly lower quality of life compared to the premenopausal group (p < 0.01). With regard to dietary quality, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and niacin in the postmenopausal group were significantly lower than in the premenopausal group. The levels of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride showed a significantly positive correlation with age, waist circumferences, body fat % and BMI. The 45~60 year old Korean women in this study showed high levels of obesity and serum lipids. Also, intakes of the vitamins and minerals of the women did not meet the level of Dietary reference intakes for Koreans. Therefore, nutritional risk may be high in the women, especially in postmenopausal women. In order to prevent the health risk, women's health care including the quality of the meal should be considered.

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  • Analysis of Physical Characteristics and Nutrient Intakes according to Menopause and Number of Years Passed Using National Health and Nutrition Survey (2013-2019) Data
    Su Gyung Kim, Bok-Mi Jung
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2023; 34(2): 235.     CrossRef
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A Study on the General and Nutritional Information of Children's Preference Foods Sold in the Middle, High School Stores
Sim Yeol Lee, Seung Sin Lee, Gyoung Mi Kim, Soo Chang Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(3):302-311.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.3.302
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary data for better safety control over children's preference foods sold in school stores. The survey was conducted from June to July 2009, to collect 749 types of children's preference foods sold in 150 middle and high school stores nation-wide excluding Jeju Island and general and nutrition information were analyzed. Out of 749 types of snack food items, 689 and 602 snacks were sold at high school and middle school stores respectively. Among children's preference foods, cookies, bread, and ice-cream were the main items. Among them, 98% of snacks were domestic products and the price range of each individual snacks were mostly between 600 and 900 won. 27.8% of children's preference foods sold were found to be in the high calorie/low nutrition food group. Even though the proportion of candy and fruit/vegetable beverages sold were not high, their proportion in high calorie/low nutrition snack group were higher than 68.1%. Among the children's preference foods sold in middleand high school stores, carbonated drinks and ramen were continuously sold in certain middle and high schools, even though sales were prohibited. This study concludes that government, corporations and retailers should work together in developing healthier children's snack distribution environment. In addition, dairy products, which take up 15% of children's preference food, should be diversified to meet their nutrient requirements.

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  • Why are restricted food items still sold after the implementation of the school store policy? the case of South Korea
    Seul Ki Choi, Edward A. Frongillo, Christine E. Blake, James F. Thrasher
    Food Policy.2019; 83: 161.     CrossRef
  • Korean Adolescents’ Energy Intake of Selected Foods by Eating Place from 1998 to 2012 During Implementation of Two National School Nutrition Policies
    Seul Ki Choi, Edward A. Frongillo, Christine E. Blake, James F. Thrasher
    Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition.2018; 13(1): 116.     CrossRef
  • Health behavior and status associated with junk food consumption in adolescents: Data from the Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey
    Young-Taek Doo
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2016; 33(2): 15.     CrossRef
  • Sodium-related Eating Behaviors of Parents and Its Relationship to Eating Behaviors of Their Preschool Children
    Ye Seul Kim, Hong Mie Lee, Jung Hee Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • Use of School Tuck-shop and Desire for Healthy Tuck-shop among High School Students in Daejeon Metropolitan City According to Snack Frequency
    Yeon-Jeong Kim, Yoonsuk Suh, Young-Jin Chung
    Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2013; 22(5): 507.     CrossRef
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[English]
The Related Factors Influencing on Self-rated Health Level of Middle-aged Women
Hyejin Lee, Kyung Hea Lee, Eunkyung Kim, Mi Jung Kim, Suk Man Hwang
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(3):290-301.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.3.290
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This survey of 836 midlife women (51.0 +/- 4.0 yrs) was undertaken by exclusively a face to face interview by well-trained interviewers guarantying data collection of higher quality. This survey data was analyzed using the SPSS program. The main purpose of this study was to describe the factors affecting self-rated health status, including dietary habits and physical . mental . social factors. In the self-rated health status of a 'good' group, age was lower (p < 0.05), monthly income was higher (p < 0.01), dietary habits score (p < 0.001) and appetite (p < 0.001) and the degree of movement (p < 0.001) and life satisfaction (p < 0.001), marital intimacy (p < 0.001) and relationship satisfaction with their children (p < 0.001) were significantly higher than the 'bad' group. The level of depression (p < 0.001) and severe feeling of menopausal symptoms (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the 'poor' group. The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that educational level (r = 0.069, p < 0.05),income (r = 0.157, p < 0.001), eating habits (r = 0.235, p < 0.001), appetite (r = 0.263, p < 0.001), life satisfaction (r = 0.197, p < 0.001), marital intimacy (r = 0.167, p < 0.001), child relationship satisfaction (r = 0.149, p < 0.001), positive attitude toward menopause (r = 0.070, p < 0.05) showed a positive correlation, but depression (r = -0.122, p < 0.001) and menopausal symptoms (r = -0.292, p < 0.001) showed a negative association with self-rated health status. The predictable factors affecting the self-rated health status of middle-aged women were examined by multiple regression analysis. The 'menopausal symptoms - physical discomfort' was the most important variables followed by the 'appetite', 'eating habits', 'menopause symptoms - sensory problems', 'BMI', 'positive attitude toward menopause' and 'high marital intimacy'. These results showed that the 'appetite' and 'eating habits' are important factors affecting the self-rated health status. Therefore, a program of dietary education must be considered for the effective health education and counseling of middle-aged women.

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[English]
Factors Related to Eating Breakfast of Middle and High School Students in Seoul
Yangsuk Kim, Jihyun Yoon, Haengran Kim, Sungok Kwon
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(5):582-592.   Published online October 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to eating breakfast for middle and high school students in Seoul using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Out of 2,280 questionnaires distributed to 22 schools, 2,060 were returned (90.4% response rate) and 1,899 were analyzed (83.3% analysis rate). Gender, self-perceived household income level and mother's working status were examined as demographic factors. "Attitude", "Subjective norm", "Perceived difficulty in access to breakfast", "Perceived time restriction" and "Self restriction to breakfast" were extracted as psychosocial factors as the results of factor analysis and reliability test using 17 items. In case of middle school students, boys were more likely to skip breakfast than girls. The students perceiving their household income level "low or middle low" were more likely to skip breakfast than those who perceived their household income level "high or middle high". The students whose mother had a job tended to skip breakfast than those whose mother had no job. In case of high school students, the students perceiving their household income level "low or middle low" tended to skip breakfast than those perceiving their household income level "high or middle high". The results of analysis of variance, all the psychosocial factors examined in this study-"Attitude", "Subjective norm", "Perceived difficulty in access to breakfast", "Perceived time restriction" and "Self restriction to breakfast"- were related to the frequencies of eating breakfast during weekdays in both the middle and high school students.
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[English]
A Study on Vegetable Intakes and Dietary Habits of Middle School Students in Chungnam
Hyun Sun Cho, Myung Hee Kim, Mi Kyeong Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(4):525-535.   Published online August 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nutritional education for juveniles' desirable vegetable intake by analyzing their vegetable intake, dietary habit and nutrient intakes according to gender of middle school students in Chungnam. The average age of the subjects was 15.0, height was 162.5 cm, weight was 53.5 kg and their average BMI was 20.1 kg/m2. The frequency of eating supper in girls was lower than that in boys. Many respondents answered that a meal-time was 10~20 minutes. Without gender difference, more than 90% respondents thought that vegetables were good for health. As for the preference of vegetable, subjects responded, "I am in the middle", "I like them", "I dislike them", "I like them very much", and "I dislike them very much" in order, without gender difference. The frequent eaten leaf vegetable was Chinese cabbage, the frequent eaten fruit vegetable was cucumber, and the frequent eaten root vegetable was radish. The favorite leaf vegetable was lettuce, the favorite fruit vegetable was corn, and the favorite root vegetable was sweet potato. The preference degrees of taro and ginger were very low. The reasons why they liked a vegetable were that it was delicious and they ate it at home often. In addition, the reason why they disliked vegetables was that they are untasty in flavor or texture and it showed that many students had a prejudice that vegetables were untasty. The intakes of plant protein, dietary fiber, ash and INQs of dietary fiber, calcium, vitamin C, folate, vitamin E in the group with high preference of vegetables were significantly higher than those of low preference group. The study results indicate that intake frequency and preference of root vegetables in juveniles are low and the major reasons of these results are taste and eating experience of vegetables. In addition, the intake amounts of dietary fiber and folate are poor in the subjects with low preference of vegetables. Therefore, families and schools should make efforts that juveniles can recognize the importance of vegetable intake and select various vegetables properly through the development of cooking methods and systematic nutrition education.
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[English]
Analysis of Different Dietary Habits by Classification of Body Mass Index of Middle School Male Students in Ulsan City
Soon im Jung, Soon myung Hong
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(3):342-350.   Published online June 30, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study investigates differences in middle school male students' anthropometric variables and dietary habits using BMI (Body Mass Index) classifications. chi-square-test for frequency and ANOVA test for mean value and duncan value were used to analyze results. Averaged results of three groups of middle school male students' anthropometry including height (normal group 164.4 cm, overweight group 165.0 cm, obese group 167.0 cm), weight (normal group 56.0 kg, overweight group 70.0 kg, obese group 83.2 kg) and waist circumference (normal group 20.7 cm, overweight group 79.8 cm, overweight group 89.6 cm) were resulted. Classification of obese group was based upon 2007 growth charts using BMI criteria. This study indicates the normal weight group boys have over-eating related dietary habits and the obese groups have less calorie dietary habits. They answered oppositely to normal recognition. The obese group reflected dietary problems, such as preferences for sweet fruit rather than normal group males. Dinnertime of the groups were significantly different and obese group's earlier dinnertime can influence on their late night snack eating. Forty precent of obese male group like fruits as late night eating food. Three meal amount of three groups were significantly different, as obese group answered they ate same amount at every meal. It can mean obese group ate more amount of food in every meal. Overweight and obese male students have dietary problem of fast eating and answers of unbalanced eating were higher in normal group. These could mean obese group eats well in every food and fast eating habit could lead a lot of food eating habit. Obese group chooses out-going food of less calorie and frequency of fast food eating was lower than normal group. In result, obese group answered that they have less calorie related dietary habits, it could mean their answers were false or fixed dietary habit. Therefore, more researches should be followed.
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[English]
A Study on Weight Control Behaviour, Eating Habits and Health-related Life Habits according to Obesity Degree by Body Fat Percentage among Middle-aged Women in Gunsan City
Hye Soon Chang
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(2):227-239.   Published online April 30, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to compare weight control behaviour, eating habits and health-related life habits according to the obesity degree by body fat percentage (%Fat) among middle-aged women. The subjects were 170 middle-aged women who lived Gunsan City, and they were assigned to one of the following groups based on their %Fat; normal weight group (18% - < 28%), overweight group (28% - < 33%) and obesity group (over 33%). The height, body weight, %Fat, the circumference of waist and hip of them were measured. Eating habits and health-related life habits were evaluated based on questionnaires. The results were as follows. Their weight, %Fat, body mass index (BMI), relative body weight (RBW), waist, hip, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher in the obesity subjects when compared to the normal and overweight subjects. Self-perception for weight (p < 0.001), desire for weight control (p < 0.01), and reasons of weight control (p < 0.05) were different among three groups. The main skipped meal was breakfast (67.9%), reasons of skipping meals were different among three groups (p < 0.05), and main reasons were "lose one's appetite" and "have not enough time". Food habits score for each food was not significantly different among three groups, but eating the meal on thinking with food combination in normal group was higher than overweight and obesity group (p < 0.01). Correlation coefficients of food habits score and anthropometric measurements were that salty of food was negative and food habits scores were positive correlation for anthropometric measurements and obesity index (p < 0.05 - p < 0.001). Frequency of exercise and fitting exercise for body were different among three groups (p < 0.05). Obesity group was lower frequency of exercise than the other groups. Regular diet was positive correlation with food combination (p < 0.01), taking fish (p < 0.05), taking vegetables (p < 0.01), taking bean products (p < 0.01) and food habits score (p < 0.01), frequency of eating out and snacks were negative correlation with taking fruits and fishes. Therefore, proper nutritional education for middle-aged women in obesity group is recommended regular diet, good food habits and exercise. The middle-aged women must decrease the frequency of eating out, snack and the salty foods, and increase the fruits and vegetables. They must have healthy life styles for exercise, smoking, and drinking.
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[English]
Nutrient Intakes and Blood Lipids According to Obesity Degree by Body Fat Percentage among Middle-Aged Women in Gunsan City
Hye Soon Chang
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(1):15-26.   Published online February 28, 2010
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The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes and blood lipids of middle-aged women according to the obesity index by %Fat. Subjects were assigned to one of the following groups based on percentage of body fat (%Fat): normal weight (18% ~ < 28%), overweight (28% ~ < 33%) and obesity (over 33%). Nutrient intakes were evaluated based on questionnaires of 24 hours recall method and blood lipids were analyzed by blood analyzer. The results were as follows. 1) Nutrient intakes were that carbohydrates and fat intakes in obesity group were higher than normal and overweight group but the difference was not significant, and protein intake rate was similar all groups. The intake rate of calcium was higher in normal group than obesity group (p < 0.05), and obesity group ingested under dietary reference intakes. The intake rate of iron was higher in obesity group than normal group (p < 0.05). 2) TG, TC, VLDL and TC/HDL in obesity group were higher than normal group (p < 0.001). The attack rate of coronary heart disease in obesity group is higher than normal group (p < 0.01), LDL, blood glucose and blood pressure in obesity group were higher than normal group (p < 0.01), and HDL was a little higher in normal group than obesity group, but the difference was not significant. 3) The correlation of anthropometric measurements, blood glucose, blood lipid, and blood pressure had significant results. Weight was associated positive level with blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure. Waist and WHR were associated positive level with blood glucose and blood lipid but weren't associated with blood pressure. BMI was associated positive level with blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure, %Fat was associated positive level with blood lipid and blood pressure, but wasn't associated with blood glucose. These results suggest that the decrease of waist on blood glucose control is better than decrease of % Fat and BMI, the decrease of %Fat and BMI on blood pressure control is better than decrease of waist, and the decrease of %Fat on blood lipid control is better than waist and BMI. The nutritional education for obesity treatment must perform to analyze the blood and assess the obesity degree by %Fat, waist and BMI before nutritional education, so the obesity treatment will be effectively.
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[English]
A Study on Middle School Students of Gwangju, Chonnam in Terms of Dietary Life, Dietary Related Self-efficacy According to Body Mass Index
Hyun Hwa Kim, Hee Kyong Ro
Korean J Community Nutr 2009;14(5):483-494.   Published online October 31, 2009
AbstractAbstract PDF
In order to give basic data to teenager's healthcare, we investigated the food habits according to BMI (Body Mass Index), life style, dietary related self-efficacy and food intake through conducting a research surveying 732 middle school students of the Kwang-ju and Chonnam areas. The results of this study were compared groups in under weight (UW), normal weight (NW), and overweight (OW) groups according to BMI levels. In the male students, height was significantly differently in the UW group as 158.2 +/- 0.7 cm compared to other NW and OW groups respectively as 163.7 +/- 0.6 cm and 162.6 +/- 0.7 cm but in the female students there was no significantly difference within groups. Weight was significantly different between the groups in the male students, whereas there were minor differences in the female students. The average of BMI was 20.7 +/- 0.1 on the male students and 20.6 +/- 0.1 on the female students which were all within the average, and their obesity was increased as the school grade was higher. Under less than 30,000 won of pocket money was dominating, and most of the students were in a nuclear family. In all male and female students, the inactive hours like watching TV and using computers had no differences between groups. The difference between groups was minor on breakfast time and most of the students thought their problems on unbalanced diet. There was significant difference in the OW group in female students as they thought their problems on unbalanced diets. The frequency of snack was significantly low in the OW group of male students but there were no differences in snack and eating-out food. All students chose fruits as snack food and Korean-style food as eating out food. The OW group in male students were significantly low in the dietary related self-efficacy when they were with their families and feeling depressed but there were no differences in female students between groups. When all students were getting higher BMI, they evaluated themselves badly in their self-dietary habits. Also the more male students had non-physical activity time, the less they had the dietary related self-efficacy and the more female students had physical activity time, the higher they had the dietary related self-efficacy. In conclusion, the OW group had good habits in physical activities for weekends, meal times, frequency of snack consumption but it showed undesirable when they were low in dietary related self-efficacy. Therefore we will provide the systematic nutrition education to them through this study.
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[English]
Nutrition Management Examined by Plate Waste Measurement: A Comparison with Elementary Schools and Middle Schools in the Changwon Area
Hye Kyung Moon, Mi Sun Park, Kyung Hye Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(6):879-889.   Published online December 31, 2008
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to examine nutrition management conditions of lunch with the elementary schools and middle schools in the Changwon area. 292 students (5th and 6th graders) from three elementary schools and 330 students from three middle schools (boys, girls, and co-ed) participated in the aggregate selective plate waste measurement for 5 days. Planned menus, serving sizes and plate waste amount data were collected. Nutrient analyses for the planned, served and consumed menus at school lunches were performed by using CAN-PRO 3.0. Nutrient analyses of the planned, served and consumed menus were compared with nutrient management standard (former edition) for school lunch and 1/3 Korean Dietary Reference Intakes (KDRIs). Significant difference was found in the average consumption rate between the elementary schools (82.2%) and the middle schools (71.8%). Specifically, the consumption rates of steamed rice (p < 0.001), side dish 1 (p < 0.001), and Kimchi (p < 0.01) at the middle schools were significantly lower than those of the elementary schools. When the nutrient contents in the served menus were put into percentages to the nutrient contents in the planned menus, middle schools (92.3%) showed bigger serving loss than the elementary schools (95.4%). In the nutrient assessment comparied with nutrient management standard (former edition), middle school lunches showed comparatively less energy or less some nutrient contents against the standard than the elementary school lunches. Specifically, in case of boys in middle schools, Vitamin C was the only nutrient content that satisfied the standard in the planned menus, served menus and consumed menus. In the 1/3 KDRIs based assessment, middle schoolers were found not to be provided proper nutrients with school lunches. To improve nutrition management at middle school foodservices, dietitians should reinforce nutrient assessment for menu planning, and try to decrease serving loss and plate waste.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[English]
The Effect of Collagen Supplementation from Pork Skin on Serum Collagen, Serum Sex Steroid Hormone, Serum Lipid and Skin Crack in Korean Middle-aged Women
Chae Jeong Han, Sang Mo Kang
Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(6):912-921.   Published online December 31, 2008
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was performed to examine if the effects of collagen supplementation from pork skin could improve the sex steroid hormone, serum lipid and skin crack in Korean middle-aged women. Middle-aged women (40-55 years) who were not diagnosed with any type of disease were included in this study and thirty subjects were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 15) or a collagen supplemented group (n = 15). The collagen supplemented group ingested collagen flour 2 g, 3 times a day for 12 weeks. We measured serum collagen, estrogen, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentration. The collagen supplementation group had significantly increased serum collagen (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. In addition, skin crack was improved. But, there were no differences for sex steroid hormone and lipid profile in control and collagen supplemented groups. The result of the present study demonstrated that supplementation of 6 g collagen per day for 12 weeks can give beneficial effects on skin crack reduction and serum collagen concentration.
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