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[Korean]
Changes in nutritional status of Korean older adults during COVID-19 Pandemic by household income and demographic factors -using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2019-2020): a cross-sectional study
You-Sin Lee, Yoonna Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2023;28(4):302-316.   Published online August 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.4.302
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The study aim was to identify changes in the nutritional status of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic according to household income and demographic characteristics.
Methods
Study participants were 2,408 adults aged 65 and over who participated in the 2019–2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). To examine changes in nutrient intake levels resulting from COVID-19, data of 2019 and of 2020 were compared. Study participants were divided into three groups based on household income level to compare these changes. The changes were compared according to household income level, age group, and household type.
Results
Percentages of recommended intakes for energy, protein, and most micronutrients were the lowest for the low-income group of both males and females in 2020. The Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) score was the lowest for the low-income group in both years. When comparing nutrient density for 2019 and 2020 by income group, the male low-income group experienced a decrease in nutrient densities of vitamin A, thiamine, calcium, and iron. For the same group, a decreased percentage for energy intake from protein was noted. Fruit intake was lowest in the low-income group for both males and females. Low-income males had the lowest intake levels for meat, fish, eggs, and legumes in both 2019 and 2020 and the lowest milk and milk product intake levels in 2020. Older adults living alone or single older adults with children had lower MAR scores than those living with a spouse. Older adults living alone experienced decreases in energy and thiamine and iron intake levels in 2020 compared to their intake levels in 2019.
Conclusions
Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, nutrition intake levels worsened for older adult males in the low-income group and older adults living alone. This finding shows the need for a more systematic nutritional support strategy for the vulnerable older adults population in national disaster situations.

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  • Development of Protein Enhanced Diet for Socially Vulnerable Elderly
    Jihye Hong, Hyung-Geun Jeon, Seulgi Kim, Gitae Park
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(1): 39.     CrossRef
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[Korean]
Comparison of the Nutrient Intake and Health Status of Elderly Koreans According to their BMI Status: Focus on the Underweight Elderly Population
You-Sin Lee, Yoonna Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2022;27(5):422-434.   Published online October 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2022.27.5.422
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
With an increase in the population of the elderly in Korea, their nutritional status has become a cause for concern. This study was designed to compare the nutritional intake and health status of the Korean elderly according to their body mass index.
Methods
The subjects were 3,274 elderly people aged 65 and above who had participated in the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were divided into four groups: underweight, normal, overweight, and obese, based on their BMI. The general characteristics, daily energy, and nutrient intakes, nutrient intakes compared to the recommended nutrient intake, percentage of participants whose nutrient intake was lower than the estimated average requirement (EAR), index of nutrient quality, the mean adequacy ratio (MAR), intakes by food group, and health status of the four groups were compared.
Results
Underweight elderly people showed lower energy, lipids, dietary fiber, vitamin C, riboflavin, niacin, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium intake and MAR score (P < 0.001) compared to the normal or obese elderly. The mean protein, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, phosphorus, and iron intake of the underweight elderly was lower than the EAR (P < 0.05). Underweight elderly people also had a lower intake of vegetables and fats, oil and sweets food groups than the other groups (P < 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia was higher in the obese group, but the percentage of anemia was higher in the underweight group.
Conclusions
Underweight elderly people were vulnerable to undernutrition and were at a higher risk of anemia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effect of physical activity on free fatty acids, insulin resistance, and blood pressure in obese older women
    Woo-Hyeon Son, Min-Seong Ha, Tae-Jin Park
    Physical Activity and Nutrition.2024; 28(2): 1.     CrossRef
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[Korean]
Dietary Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Status in Korean Menopausal Women: Based on the 2016 ~ 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Pil-Sook Park, Mei-Sheng Li, Mi-Yeon Park
Korean J Community Nutr 2021;26(6):482-494.   Published online December 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2021.26.6.482
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study evaluated dietary behavior and nutritional status according to the metabolic syndrome status in Korean menopausal women.
Methods
The subjects were 1,392 menopausal women aged 50 to 64 who took part in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2016 and 2017. Subjects were classified into normal (NOR) group, pre-metabolic syndrome (Pre-MetS) group, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) groups according to the number of metabolic syndrome risk factors present.
Results
The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 33.7%. Using the NOR group as a reference, the odds of belonging to the MetS group in Model 1 adjusted for age were higher at 53% (OR = 1.53, 95% CI:1.011-2.307) for ‘not used’ subjects compared to ‘used’ subjects of the nutrition labeling system. Using the NOR group as a reference, every 1g increase in the intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased the odds of belonging to the MetS group in Model 1 adjusted for age by 3% (MUFA, OR = 0.97, 95% CI:0.946-0.991; PUFA, OR = 0.97, 95% CI:0.942-0.993).
Conclusions
These results suggest that to reduce the number of risk factors of metabolic syndrome in menopausal women, nutritional education should emphasize the adequate intake of riboflavin, unsaturated fatty acids, protein, and calcium, and also encourage the recognition and use of nutritional labeling. Results of this study are expected to be utilized as basic data for the health management of menopausal women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cardiocerebrovascular Disease or Fatty Liver Incidence Associated with Pattern of Metabolic Risk Factors and Nutritional Status of Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
    Pil Sook Park, Mei Sheng Li, Chong Yu Ding, Mi Yeon Park
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(2): 165.     CrossRef
  • The Relationship Between the Korean Adults Diet Evaluated Using Dietary Quality Indices and Metabolic Risk Factors: Based on the 2016 ~ 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Chong-Yu Ding, Pil-Sook Park, Mi-Yeon Park
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(3): 223.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
[English]
Comparison Analysis of Dietary Behavior and Nutrient Intakes of the Elderly according to Their Family Status: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016
Ji Hong Oh, Bok Mi Jung
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(4):309-320.   Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.4.309
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was undertaken to compare dietary life of the elderly living alone and in a family, and to compare differences based on gender, for the 2013-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
METHODS
The subjects included 2,612 elderly people aged over 65 years who participated in the health survey, health examination and nutrition survey. Subjects on a diet therapy were excluded. This study analyzed the general characteristics, dietary habits, daily energy and nutrient intakes, CPF ratio, estimated average requirement (EAR), nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR), index of nutrient quality (INQ), and food consumption of the elderly living alone and in a family. We also compared the differences based on gender.
RESULTS
Daily intake of food, water, dietary fiber, potassium, retinol, and riboflavin were low in the male elderly subjects living alone. The elderly living with family revealed higher NAR and MAR as compared to the elderly living alone. Although all MAR values were <1, the elderly living alone had lower values. Considering the intake of food, the consumption of seaweed, fish and shellfish, and oils (animal) was higher in elderly men living with families, whereas women living with families consumed more vegetables, fruits, seaweeds and seafood, as compared to their counterparts living alone. Furthermore, analyzing the foods consumed by the elderly people living alone, female subjects consumed more seaweed, milk and animal oil as compared to male subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study indicate that the elderly living alone have poor nutrient intake as compared to the elderly living with families. Based on this research data, we recommend that it is necessary to improve the health and nutritional status of the elderly living alone.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Profiling the socioeconomic characteristics, dietary intake, and health status of Korean older adults for nutrition plan customization: a comparison of principal component, factor, and cluster analyses
    Kyungsook Woo, Kirang Kim
    Epidemiology and Health.2024; : e2024043.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation on the Nutrition Quotient Scores of Elderly People Living Alone in Korea
    Gyoungok Gang, Min Lee, Eun-hui Choi, Hye-Lim Lee, Hyun-Young Lee, Hye-Ja Chang, Jung-Hwa Choi, Na-Young Yi, Kyung-Eun Lee, Min-Jae Chung, Tong-Kyung Kwak
    Nutrients.2023; 15(17): 3750.     CrossRef
  • Changes in nutritional status of Korean older adults during COVID-19 Pandemic by household income and demographic factors-using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2019-2020): a cross-sectional study
    You-Sin Lee, Yoonna Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(4): 302.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the Nutrient Intake and Health Status of Elderly Koreans According to their BMI Status: Focus on the Underweight Elderly Population
    You-Sin Lee, Yoonna Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(5): 422.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the health and nutritional status of Korean elderly considering the household income level, using the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Jin Mo Khil
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Social participation, health‐related behavior, and depression of older adults living alone in Korea
    Seojin Won, Hyemee Kim
    Asian Social Work and Policy Review.2020; 14(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the dietary quality and nutritional status of elderly people using the Nutrition Quotient for Elderly (NQ-E) in Seoul
    Sun-Wook Ham, Kyung-Hee Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(1): 68.     CrossRef
  • Health and Nutrition Status of Elderly People with Multimorbidity: A Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013~2015)
    Na-Gyeong Oh, Jung-Sook Seo
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(6): 502.     CrossRef
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[English]
Daily Water Consumption and its Contribution to Calcium Intake in Korean Adults
Eun Sun Park, Yeon Kyung Lee, Mi Hyun Kim, Mi Kyeong Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(1):18-23.   Published online February 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.1.18
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
Although water is essential for life and can supply essential minerals, studies that evaluate calcium intake through drinking water are limited. The aim of this study was to assess calcium contents of natural mineral water (NMW) and its possible contribution to calcium intake in healthy adults.
METHODS
This study examined water consumption in 640 Korean adults with selfselected diet, analyzed the calcium content of 10 different brands of bottled NMWs sold in Korea, and assessed the amount of calcium intake from drinking water and its daily contribution to the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of calcium.
RESULTS
Mean calcium content in 10 bottled NMWs was 20.9 mg/l. Daily water intakes from food composition database and calculated using energy intake based on 0.53 ml/kcal were 957.2 ml and 1109.8 ml for men and 848.3 ml and 951.6 ml for women, respectively, with a significant difference by gender (p < 0.001). Daily drinking water intake was significantly higher among men than women (1203.9 ml vs. 1004.3 ml, respectively, p < 0.001). Daily calcium intakes from foods were 564.0 mg for men and 534.2 mg for women. Daily possible calcium intakes from drinking bottled water were 25.2 mg for men and 21.0 mg for women (p < 0.001). The contribution of daily calcium intake from drinking bottled water to RNI of calcium was 3.3% for men and 2.9% for women without significant difference.
CONCLUSIONS
One half of the daily total water intake was consumed as drinking water, and possible calcium intake through drinking water was about 3% of RNI.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Assessing contribution of bottled water in nutrient absorption using the bottled water nutritional quality index (BWNQI) in Iran
    Masoomeh Askari, Reza Saeedi, Ramin Nabizadeh, Ahmad Zarei, Maryam Ghani, Marzieh Ehsani, Mahmood Alimohammadi, Mehrnoosh Abtahi
    Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Variability of urinary creatinine, specific gravity, and osmolality over the course of pregnancy: Implications in exposure assessment among pregnant women
    Gowoon Lee, Sunmi Kim, Hyunwoong Park, Jeonghwan Lee, Jung Pyo Lee, Younglim Kho, Gyuyeon Choi, Jiwon Park, Suwalee Worakhunpiset, Hyo-Bang Moon, Kyungho Choi
    Environmental Research.2021; 198: 110473.     CrossRef
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[English]
Nutrient Intakes of Male College Combat Sport Athletes by Weight Control Status
Ji Yeon Kim, Ji Seon Lee, Seong Suk Cho, Hyon Park, Kyung Won Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(6):495-506.   Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.6.495
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
Weight control practices are common in combat sport athletes. This study was performed to examine nutrient intakes of male college combat sport athletes (taekwondo, boxing, judo) by weight control (WC) status.
METHODS
Subjects were male combat sport athletes (n=90) from colleges in Gyeonggi Province. Survey was conducted during 2016. Questionnaire included general characteristics, weight control, and dietary intakes during the period of training, weight control, weigh-in ~ before competition and between competitions. Subjects were grouped into high- and normal WC groups. T-test, χ²-test, Fisher's exact test and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
During training, energy intake was 75.4% of EER and C:P:F ratio was 57.5:13.9:28.7. Iron and zinc intakes were different by WC groups (p<0.05). During weight control, energy intake was 44.7% of EER in normal WC and 30.5% in high WC group (p<0.05). C:P:F ratio was 69:11.1:19.5, and ratio from protein and fat was lower in the high WC group (p<0.05). Most nutrient intakes during weight control were less than 50% of 2015 KDRIs (RNI or AI), and intakes including thiamin (p<0.01), vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin, folate, calcium, potassium and zinc (p<0.05) were significantly lower in the high WC. Energy intake after weighing before the competition was 1,315 kcal, and energy (kcal/kg BW, p<0.05) and carbohydrate intakes (g/kg BW, p<0.01) were significantly higher in the high WC group. Energy intake between competitions was 691.1 kcal, with no difference by the WC group.
CONCLUSIONS
Nutrients intakes of combat sport athletes were inadequate. Dietary intakes during weight control were much below than the KDRIs, especially in the high WC group. It is needed to develop nutrition education programs for combat sport athletes to avoid severe energy restrictions and to apply specific dietary guides to each period of training and weight control.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Weight control practices, beliefs, self-efficacy, and eating behaviors in college weight class athletes
    Ji Seon Lee, Seong Suk Cho, Kyung Won Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2020; 14(1): 45.     CrossRef
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  • 1 Crossref
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[English]
Metabolic Syndrome Status of Chinese Workers and Their Physical Profiles, Lifestyle Scores, and Nutrient Intakes
Chao Wang, Hokyung Ryu
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(1):63-73.   Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.1.63
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to survey the related factors of metabolic syndrome of Chinese workers aged 20 years and above.
METHODS
The study was conducted at three locations in Shandong, China, currently working and took the physical examination (PE) within one year in the area as target participants. Personal characteristics, physical and biochemical results based on the PE, lifestyle habits, and food intake of the participants were used to analyze the relationship with metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS
Results showed that overall, thirty-one subjects (22.5%) had metabolic syndrome, twenty males (32.7%) and eleven females (14.2%). Metabolic syndrome was related to age, gender, educational level and occupational type with more risk in male (P < 0.05), people of older age (P < 0.001), low educational level (P < 0.05) and nonoffice workers (P < 0.01). According to the life style scores, lifestyle evaluation showed specifically alcohol consumption and smoking (P < 0.001) and stress management (P < 0.05) as important factors that were associated with the metabolic syndrome. High calorie (P < 0.01) and carbohydrate (P < 0.01) intakes were observed on male participants with metabolic syndrome in comparison to the non-metabolic syndrome but no significant difference on female participants.
CONCLUSIONS
This results of this study can be used as significant supporting data to prevent and control metabolic syndrome in Chinese workers.
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[English]
The Nutrient Intakes and their Relationships with the Use of Diuretics, Symptom Severity and Physical Functioning in Heart Failure Patients
Jun Hee Jang, Haejung Lee, Youngjoo Park, Kook Jin Chun, Jong Hyun Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(2):190-199.   Published online April 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.2.190
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in nutrient intake according to using diuretics, symptom severity and degree of physical functioning in heart failure patients.
METHODS
A secondary data analysis was conducted by using baseline data of an intervention study for heart failure patients. In this study, 131 heart failure patients were included. Data were collected using medical records, NYHA (New York Heart Association functional classification) class, and 6-minute-walking test and 24-hour diet recall. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test by SPSS 21.0. Nutrient intake was assessed using CAN-pro 2.0.
RESULTS
Majority of the participants consumed total calorie less than Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) and consumed carbohydrates more than 65% of their total calorie intakes. 24.4% of the participants consumed fat more than 30% of their total calorie intakes and 23.7% consumed saturated fat more than 7% of their total calorie intakes. 100.0% of the participants consumed protein less than 7% of their total calorie intakes and 73.3% of the participants consumed more than recommended intakes of sodium. More than 90.0% of the participants consumed less than adequate intakes of potassium (90.1%) and Vitamin D (91.6%), respectively. 100% and 62.6% of the participants consumed less than Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of magnesium and Vitamin B1, respectively. Nutrient intakes in heart failure patients were different for potassium intake according to the usage of diuretics. The participants with symptom severity tended to intake protein less properly and the participants walking more than 300.0 m tended to intake sodium improperly high.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study indicated the need for screening nutrient intakes of heart failure patients. It is necessary to increase the intake of total calories and most nutrients and to restrict sodium intakes among heart failure patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Nutrition Intervention Process for Heart Failure Patients according to Their Nutritional Problems
    Hosun Lee, Suk Yong Jeong, Hae Ryeon Choi, Seok-Min Kang
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2021; 10(2): 172.     CrossRef
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[English]
Socio-demographic Characteristics, Nutrient Intakes and Mental Health Status of Older Korean Adults depending on Household Food Security: Based on the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yoon Jung Yang
Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(1):30-40.   Published online February 28, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.1.30
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the associations of food security with socio-demographic characteristics, nutrient intakes and mental health status among older Korean adults.
METHODS
This study was conducted using data from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Subjects were 4,451 adults aged 65~98 years. Food security was measured using a self-reported question on food sufficiency of subjects' household. Based on the answers, study subjects were classified into secure, mildly insecure, moderately insecure, and severely insecure groups. Dietary intake was estimated by 24-hour dietary recall. Nutrient intake was assessed by dietary reference intakes (DRI). As for mental health status, the data on mental stress, depression, and suicide ideation were used.
RESULTS
Rate of food insecurity in older adults was 14.3%. Old age, being female, low education, low income level, living alone, and discomfort in daily living were more related to food insecurity. Means of nutrient intakes were significantly different according to food security status. Intakes of calcium, potassium, and vitamin B2 were lower than recommended intakes in all groups. Consumption amounts of soy and soybean products, vegetables, mushrooms, fruits, vegetable oils, meats, eggs, seafood, and dairy products were lower in food insecure groups. Mental stress, depression, and suicide ideation were higher in food insecure groups independent of the gender and income level.
CONCLUSIONS
These present findings suggested that food security is related to mental health as well as nutrition status in older Korean adults. A national system that include food and psychosocial support programs for the elderly should be considered in order to improve the overall health of older Korean adults.

Citations

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  • A study on the relationship between food insecurity and periodontitis in Korean adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII) from 2016-2018
    Soo-Jin Kang, Jung-Eun Park, Jong-Hwa Jang
    Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2023; 47(3): 106.     CrossRef
  • The global burden of suicidal behavior among people experiencing food insecurity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Mark Mohan Kaggwa, Rita Akatussasira, Firoj Al-Mamun, Sébastien Prat, Mohammed A. Mamun, Isabelle Combey, Felix Bongomin, Sheila Harms, Gary Chaimowitz, Mark D. Griffiths, Andrew T. Olagunju
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 342: 91.     CrossRef
  • 광주광역시 서구지역 경로식당 이용 노인의 식품안정성에 따른 식생활 실태연구
    지수 백, 영란 허
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2023; 39(5): 402.     CrossRef
  • Socioeconomic status, food security, and chewing discomfort of Korean elders: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Hye-Sun Shin, Ae-Jung Im, Hee-Jung Lim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2022; 16(1): 94.     CrossRef
  • Food insecurity and associated depression among older adults in India: evidence from a population-based study
    Muhammad T, KM Sulaiman, Drishti Drishti, Shobhit Srivastava
    BMJ Open.2022; 12(4): e052718.     CrossRef
  • Association of food insecurity with physical frailty among older adults: study based on LASI, 2017-18
    T. Muhammad, Priya Saravanakumar, Abhishek Sharma, Shobhit Srivastava, C.V. Irshad
    Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2022; 103: 104762.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Perceived Food Store Environment on Malnutrition and Frailty among the Food-Insecure Elderly in a Metropolitan City
    Yu-Mi Kim, Narae Yang, Kirang Kim
    Nutrients.2021; 13(7): 2392.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the health and nutritional status of Korean elderly considering the household income level, using the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Jin Mo Khil
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Is It What They Eat or How Much They Eat That Matters More in Adults with Food Insecurity in a Wealthy-Country Context?
    Min Gyeong Kang, Sung-Min Yook, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Nutrients.2021; 13(3): 851.     CrossRef
  • Health and nutrition intake status of the Korean elderly according to their food security level: data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII), 2016–2018
    Ahreum Maeng, Jeehyun Lee, Eunju Yoon
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(2): 179.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with bicycle helmet use: A multilevel analysis
    Jang-Rak Kim, Euy-Hoon Suh
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2020; 37(3): 39.     CrossRef
  • The effects of a personalized nutrition intervention program on food security, health and nutritional status of low-income older adults in Seoul city
    Yeyeon Lee, Narae Yang, Minjeong Shin, Kyung-Eun Lee, Chang Hee Yoo, Kirang Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(4): 416.     CrossRef
  • Gênero, segurança alimentar e nutricional e vulnerabilidade: o Programa das Mulheres Mil em foco
    Jussara Maysa Campos, Rita de Cássia Coelho de Almeida Akutsu, Izabel Cristina Rodrigues Silva, Karin Savio Oliveira, Renata Monteiro
    Ciência & Saúde Coletiva.2020; 25(4): 1529.     CrossRef
  • Interpersonal and Community Factors Related to Food Sufficiency and Variety: Analysis of Data from the 2017 Community Health Survey
    Jiyoun Hong, Taisun Hyun
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(5): 416.     CrossRef
  • The Association between Food Insecurity and Diet Quality Varies by Race/Ethnicity: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 Results
    Cindy W. Leung, June M. Tester
    Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.2019; 119(10): 1676.     CrossRef
  • Dietary and health characteristics of the young-old and the old-old by food security status: analysis of data from the 6th (2013 ~ 2015) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Ajung Bae, Jihyun Yoon, Soh-Yoon Yun, Kana Asano
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(1): 104.     CrossRef
  • Spatial Disparity in Food Environment and Household Economic Resources Related to Food Insecurity in Rural Korean Households with Older Adults
    Jae Eun Shim, Seo-jin Kim, Kirang Kim, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Nutrients.2018; 10(10): 1514.     CrossRef
  • Dietary intakes of adolescents from food insecure households: analysis of data from the 6th(2013-2015) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Mariam Nakitto, Kana Asano, Injoo Choi, Jihyun Yoon
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2017; 11(6): 507.     CrossRef
  • Health and nutritional status of Korean adults according to age and household food security: Using the data from 2010~2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Geun Ah Park, Sung Hee Kim, Seok Joong Kim, Yoon Jung Yang
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2017; 50(6): 603.     CrossRef
  • Association of food insecurity and depression in Korean adults
    Kowoon Lee, Hye-Sook Yoo
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(1): 62.     CrossRef
  • A study on nutritional intakes in middle income adults based on data from the 5thKorean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Ji-Myung Kim, Hye Sook Kim, Ki Nam Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(4): 364.     CrossRef
  • Food Insecurity and Related Risk Factors in the Elderly: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 Data
    Hye-Sang Lee
    Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2015; 21(4): 308.     CrossRef
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[English]
Analysis of Bone Mineral Density, Biochemical Index and Nutrient Intakes of 30-70 Years Old Women: Based on 2011 KNHANES
Jae Ok Koo, Myung Sook Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(4):328-341.   Published online August 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.4.328
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was carried out to investigate bone mineral density (BMD), blood pressure, age and biochemical index and nutrient intakes, and to analyze the relationship between BMD, blood pressure, biochemical index, nutrient intakes of Korean women.
METHODS
The study subjects were 499 women with a age range of 30-79 years living in Seoul and Kyunggi area who participated in 2011 KNHANES. The study subjects were divided into 5 age groups: 30 years (145), 40 years (110), 50 years (102), 60 years (85) and 70 years (57), and 3 BMD groups: normal 258 (50.4%), osteopenia 163 (32.9%) and osteoporosis 78 (16.7%).
RESULTS
The average waist circumference, BMI and body fat increased with age, but fat free mass decreased with age. Average BMD and T-score was decreased from 0.84, 0.74 g/cm2 in 30 years to 0.05, -1.05 g/cm2 in 70 years. The rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis increased significantly 22% in 30~40 years, 47% in 50 years and 56% in 60~70 years. Systolic blood pressure and cholesterol were significantly increased with age. The rates of hypertension was significantly increased 2.1% in 30 years, 30.4% in 50 years 89.5% in 70 years. Average nutrient intakes such as protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and C were significantly decreased with age. There were significant negative correlations between age and calcium, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we found the risk of osteoporosis and hypertension were significantly increase with over 50 years age. Calcium and protein intake decreased with age. Therefore, in order to prevent osteoporosis and hypertension, adult women need to be educated regarding the importance of protein, calcium and other nutrients in their diet.

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  • Association between dietary intake, body measurements, and urinary bone resorption markers in young adults with osteopenia and osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study
    Mi-Hyun Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(4): 282.     CrossRef
  • Dietary behaviors and nutritional status according to the bone mineral density status among adult female North Korean refugees in South Korea
    Su-Hyeon Kim, Soo-Kyung Lee, Sin-Gon Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(5): 449.     CrossRef
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[English]
A Study on Food Habits and Nutrient Intakes according to BMI in Food and Nutrition Major and Non-major Female Students in Kyungnam University
Eun Hee Seo
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(4):297-316.   Published online August 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.4.297
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the body image, food habits, nutrition knowledge, food intake frequency, nutrient intakes of female university students in Masan.
METHODS
Two groups (n = 302, nutrition major: 147, non-major: 155) were classified into underweight, normal weight and overweight/obesity groups according to BMI respectively.
RESULTS
Height and weight of all subjects were 161.5 cm, 53.2 kg and were 161.5 cm, 55.1 kg, 161.5 cm, 51.3 kg in major and non-major female students, respectively. The BMI and body weight were significantly different (p < 0.001). Significantly higher proportions of underweight students in both study groups had perceived as 'normal' or 'fat' (p < 0.001). Higher proportion of the subjects skipped breakfast and main reason was no time to eat. Nutrition knowledge score was significantly higher in major than in non-major subjects (p < 0.001). Fish intake frequency score was significantly higher in non-majors, while the vegetable intake frequency score was significantly higher in majors. Nutrient intakes were significantly higher the majors compared to non-majors, particularly the intake of calcium (p < 0.05), zinc (p < 0.001), vitamin C (p < 0.001) and vitamin E (p < 0.01). Subjects in both groups did not have adequate nutrient intakes compared to KDRIs. BMI showed a positive correlation with body image, body weight and nutrition knowledge score (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that systematic nutrition education program which can be applied in real life is important for the formation of correct choices of food and good eating habits.

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  • Dietary life and mukbang- and cookbang-watching status of university students majoring in food and nutrition before and after COVID-19 outbreak
    Hyunjoo Kang, Sowon Yun, Hongmie Lee
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(1): 104.     CrossRef
  • Relationship among the use of food-related content, dietary behaviors, and dietary self-efficacy of high school students in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas
    Min-Hwan Oh, Kyungeui Hong, Sung-Eun Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(3): 297.     CrossRef
  • Survey on Health Status and Food Habits of Male College Students in Wonju Area According to Drinking Behavior
    Seung-Lim Lee
    Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2016; 22(1): 41.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Eating Style and Food Intake of Healthy Female College Students during Chuseok Holidays
    Seok-Young Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(2): 131.     CrossRef
  • Health-related Factors, Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Habits among Nursing and Allied Health College Students
    Su Ol Kim
    Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2015; 28(3): 158.     CrossRef
  • Nutrition Knowledge, Food Habit Problems and Dietary Attitudes of Nursing Students
    Su-Ol Kim, So-Myeong Kim
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2015; 21(4): 466.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study on Knowledge of Food Habits and Perception of Beauty between Beauty & Fashion Major and Non-major Female College Students
    Chae-Jeong Han
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(6): 970.     CrossRef
  • Survey on Health-related Factors, Nutrition Knowledge and Food Habits of College Students in Wonju Area
    Seung Lim Lee, Sun Hee Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(2): 96.     CrossRef
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[English]
Association of Whole Grain Consumption with Nutrient Intakes and Metabolic Risk Factors in Generally Healthy Korean Middle-Aged Women
Ye Jin Kim, Jin Hee Yum, Seungmin Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(2):176-186.   Published online April 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.2.176
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
Epidemiological studies have suggested that a higher consumption of whole grain foods can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and obesity. The objective of the current study was to examine associations among the consumption of whole grains and nutrient intakes and biochemical indicators associated with chronic diseases among generally healthy middle-aged Korean women.
METHODS
Using 24-hour recall data from the 2008-2009 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, whole grain intake (g/day) was calculated for a total of generally healthy 1,953 subjects. The subjects were divided into three groups by the level of whole grain consumption (0 g/day, > 0 and < 20 g/day or > or = 20 g/day). Mean values or proportions of various nutrient intakes and metabolic risk factors were compared according to the level of whole grain consumption. All statistical analysis was conducted using SAS software version 9.2.
RESULTS
We observed that the overall consumption of whole grains was quite low. Specifically, 58.2% of subjects reported no whole grain consumption on the day of the survey, and the mean whole grain intake was only 15.3 g/day. The whole grain consumption was positively associated with intakes of various macro and micronutrients, namely, plant proteins and fats, dietary fiber, calcium, plant iron, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, beta-carotene, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6 and folic acid. In addition, we found significantly decreasing trends in abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia as whole grain intake levels increase.
CONCLUSIONS
The study findings suggested the importance of promoting whole grain consumption as an efficient tool for improving various dietary aspects and preventing chronic diseases.
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[English]
Dietary Intake Status among Korean Female Breast Cancer Survivors
Myungsook Park, Eunkyung Hwang, Hyeong Gon Moon, Dong Young Noh, Jung Eun Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(2):163-175.   Published online April 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.2.163
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to evaluate dietary intake among female breast cancer survivors in a cross-sectional study.
METHODS
A total of 127 women who had breast cancer surgery at least 6 months before baseline were included. Dietary intake of female breast cancer survivors was assessed through self-reported 3 day-dietary records. To compare dietary intake between breast cancer survivors and general female population without cancer, we selected the 1:4 age matched women from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). In the KNHANES, participants were asked about their dietary intake using the 24-hour dietary recalls. We also examined whether dietary intake varied by age group, cancer stage, or time since surgery among breast cancer survivors. We used the generalized linear model to compare their dietary intakes.
RESULTS
Intakes of total energy, beta-carotene, folate, vitamin C, plant iron and fruits were lower among breast cancer survivors with longer time since surgery compared to those with shorter time (p < 0.05). Breast cancer patients with higher stage at diagnosis tended to consume less legumes (p = 0.01) than those with lower stage. When we compared dietary intake between breast cancer survivors and the general female population without cancer, breast cancer survivors were more likely to consume most of macro- and micro-nutrients in larger quantity (p < 0.05) and adhere to healthier diet characterized by higher intakes of legumes, seed and nuts, vegetables and fishes and shells than the general female population who never had been diagnosed with cancer (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study results suggested that the intakes of nutrients and foods varied by time since surgery and cancer stage among breast cancer survivors and dietary intakes among breast cancer survivors differed from that in the general population. Further prospective studies are warranted to explore the association between dietary intakes of specific food items and survival among Korean breast cancer survivors.

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  • Utilization of Nutrition Labels and Its Relation to Nutrient Intake among Cancer Survivors: The 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Kyujin Choi, Seyoung Son, Hee-Kyung Joh, Su-Min Jeong
    Korean Journal of Family Practice.2023; 13(4): 225.     CrossRef
  • Nutrient intakes from supplement and factors associated with supplement use among breast cancer survivors: A cross‐sectional study
    Jiyoung Youn, Sihyun Park, Sihan Song, Hyeong‐Gon Moon, Dong‐Young Noh, So‐Youn Jung, Eunsook Lee, Zisun Kim, Hyun Jo Youn, Jihyoung Cho, Young Bum Yoo, Se Kyung Lee, Taisun Hyun, Jung Eun Lee
    European Journal of Cancer Care.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Comparisons of Nutritional Intake and Diet Quality Index-International in Gynecological Cancer Survivors and Normal Women: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013~2016
    Bo-Young Seo, Eun-Sil Her
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(5): 406.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Utilizing Smartphone Application Peer Support on Health Behavior and Body Mass Index among Breast Cancer Survivors
    Gaeun Park, Haejung Lee, Hyun Yul Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2019; 49(5): 550.     CrossRef
  • Determinants of Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations among Breast Cancer Survivors in Korea
    Woo-Kyoung Shin, Zisun Kim, Hyun Youn, Jihyoung Cho, Jung Lee
    Nutrients.2018; 10(3): 380.     CrossRef
  • Development of a FFQ for breast cancer survivors in Korea
    Woo-kyoung Shin, Sihan Song, Eunkyung Hwang, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Dong-Young Noh, Jung Eun Lee
    British Journal of Nutrition.2016; 116(10): 1781.     CrossRef
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[English]
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Abnormalities in Korea Children and Adolescents and Nutrient intakes: Using 2008 the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Hang Me Nam, Mi Ja Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2014;19(2):133-141.   Published online April 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.2.133
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), metabolic abnormalities, and nutrient intakes in Korea children and adolescents using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008.
METHODS
A sample of 838 children and adolescent males (n = 442) and females (n = 396) aged 10-18 was used from the 2008 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey. The diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome subjects was adapted from modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III by Ford. To compare nutrient intakes, we used a judgment sampling. The first group was composed of all children and adolescents (n = 46) with MS. The second one along with the first group had children and adolescents with the same age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) but without MS (n = 46). The control group like the first two had children and adolescents with same sex and same age but with normal BMI and without MS (n = 46).
RESULTS
In this randomized controlled controlled trial, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 5.8%. The risk factors was associated with the MS were abdominal obesity 9.4%, hypertriglyceridemia 25.0%, low HDL-cholesterol 10.3%, hypertension 23.4%, and hyperglycemia 7.1%. Among metabolic abnormalities, blood pressure was significantly affected by sex, age and obesity. On the other hand, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and waist circumference were directly linked to obesity. There were no significant differences in nutrient intakes among the three groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of MS was higher in children (10-11 years old) than in adolescents (12-18 years old). There was a difference in hypertension among risk factors by gender, and there were no significant differences in nutrient intakes.

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  • Prevalence Trends of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Children and Adolescents from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey
    Ji Hyun Kim, Jung Sub Lim
    Life.2022; 12(9): 1404.     CrossRef
  • Biochemical Index, Nutrition Label Use, and Weight Control Behavior in Female Adolescents: Using the 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Mi-Ja Choi, Hyun-Ju Jo, Mi-Kyung Kim
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2020; 9(1): 32.     CrossRef
  • Socioeconomic and Behavioral Characteristics Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Among Overweight/Obese School-age Children
    Ok Kyung Ham
    Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2017; 32(1): 30.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adolescents According to the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation
    Seonho Kim, Wi-Young So
    Nutrients.2016; 8(10): 588.     CrossRef
  • Dietary Assessment and Factors Related to Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Youth: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007~2013
    Yong-Suk Kwon, Yangsuk Kim, Eun-Mi Ahn, Hyun Ju Kang, Young-Hee Park, Young Kim
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2016; 27(4): 875.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of nutrient intake and food variety by age in Korean adolescents: Based on 2010~2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Yun-Jung Bae
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(3): 236.     CrossRef
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[English]
Evaluation of Nutrient Intake and Meal Variety with Breakfast Eating in Korean Adolescents: Analysis of Data from the 2008~2009 National Health and Nutrition Survey
Yun Jung Bae
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(3):257-268.   Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.3.257
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purpose of this study was to evaluate nutrient intake and meal variety with breakfast eating in Korean adolescents using data from the 2008-2009 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The analysis included 1245 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The subjects were divided into two groups according to breakfast skipping (BS: breakfast skipping, n = 235, BE: breakfast eating, n = 1110). The BS group was significantly higher in its frequency of eating soda drinks, instant noodle, and ice cream than the BE group. The BS group consumed significantly lower quantities of plant calcium and plant protein per 1,000 kcal compared to the BE group. Also the intake of cereal and vegetables in the BS group was significantly lower than those in the BE group, however, the intake of beverage in the BS group was significantly higher than that in the BE group. The average number of foods of the BE and BS groups were 29.50 and 25.85, respectively and revealed a statistical significance (p < 0.0001). The snack intake and % energy from snack intake of the BS group were significantly higher than those of the BE group. Also, the fasting blood glucose concentrations were significantly higher in the BS group compared to the BE group. In conclusion, adolescents who skip breakfast may have lower meal variety and higher blood glucose concentrations. Therefore, in support of proper dietary management, it is necessary to promote and encourage breakfast eating.

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    Sarim Kim, Jiyoung Jeong, Juyeon Kang, Jihye Kim, Yoon Jung Yang
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2024; 18(2): 269.     CrossRef
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    민지 손, 은주 윤
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2023; 39(3): 213.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Nutritional Quality of Convenience Store Meal Boxes according to Store Company and Meal Price
    Changgyu Cho, Youngmin Nam, Hye-Jong Yoo
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(2): 105.     CrossRef
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    Hae-Rim Oh, Hyunsuk Kim, Su-Jin Jung, Youn-Soo Cha
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(3): 262.     CrossRef
  • Trends in Prevalence and the Differentials of Unhealthy Dietary Habits by Maternal Education Level among Korean Adolescents
    Yunseo Chung, Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Bo Young Kim, Kyoung Ae Kong
    The Ewha Medical Journal.2021; 44(4): 133.     CrossRef
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    Hyun-Suk Kim, Ui-Suk Lee, Seon-Hyeong Kim, Youn-Soo Cha
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(2): 217.     CrossRef
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    Geunyeong Kang, Yoonna Lee, Mihyang UM, Seunghee Kye
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2019; 24(4): 331.     CrossRef
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    Suhee Kim, Gwang Suk Kim
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    Ayoung Kim, Jinhee Kim, Seunghee Kye
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(5): 465.     CrossRef
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    Da-Mee Kim, Youl-Ri Kim, Kyung-Hee Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(2): 102.     CrossRef
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    Jaehong Park, Soye You
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2017; 28(2): 329.     CrossRef
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    Hye-Young Kim, Jung-Sug Lee, Ji-Yun Hwang, Sehyug Kwon, Hae Rang Chung, Tong-Kyung Kwak, Myung-Hee Kang, Young-Sun Choi
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    Jeong-Yoon Yoon, Ae Wha Ha, Seyoung Ju
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    Yun-Jung Bae, Jee-Young Yeon
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  • Evaluation of nutrient intake and food variety by age in Korean adolescents: Based on 2010~2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Yun-Jung Bae
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(3): 236.     CrossRef
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    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(6): 933.     CrossRef
  • Associations of Eating Habits with Obesity and Nutrition Knowledge for Middle and High School Adolescents in Shanghai and Heze China
    Yang Song, Hyo-Jin Ahn, Ji-Hye Choi, Se-Young Oh
    Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2014; 29(6): 648.     CrossRef
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Correlation of Nutrient Intake, Obesity-related Anthropometrics, and Blood Lipid Status with Instant Coffee-mix Intakes in Gangneung and Samcheok Residents
Eun Kyung Kim, Jeong Sook Choe, Eun Kyung Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(2):134-141.   Published online April 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.2.134
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This study was conducted to investigate instant coffee-mix intakes and its relations with anthropometric measurements, nutrient intake, and blood lipid in Gangneung and Samcheok residents. Coffee-mix is a mixture of instant coffee, sugar and coffee-creamer. It is a standardized convenience food in Korea. Recently, Koreans appear to consume too much of instant coffee-mix. The respondents of this study were 218 Koreans (Gangneung region 133, Samcheok region 85). The average age was 56.0 years (male), 57.5 years (female). They were divided into 2 groups, the instant coffee-mix drinkers and the non-drinkers. The nutrient intake and anthropometric measurements and their relations with coffee-mix intakes were analyzed (nutrient intakes were calculated by converting per 1,000 kcal and adjusted by age, region). As for male, body fat was significantly higher in coffee-mix drinkers (18.1 kg, 25.0%) than in nondrinkers (17.1 kg, 23.8%). In the case of females, serum triglyceride was significantly higher in coffee-mix drinkers (109.1 mg/dL) than in nondrinkers (102.9 mg/dL). Coffee-mix intakes and coffee-mix's contributions to energy were higher for participants from Samcheok (21.2 g, 4.7%) than those from Gangneung (16.6 g, 3.4%). In addition, for Samcheok, coffee-mix's contribution to energy was significantly higher in male (5.6%) than in female (4.2%). Coffee-mix intakes and energy contribution of coffee-mix were not significantly correlated with anthropometric measurements. Only HDL-cholestrol showed significantly negative correlation with coffee-mix's contributions to energy. Based on the above results, we conclude that usual instant coffee-mix intake may increase intakes of sugar and fat and exert negative effects on serum lipids. Therefore, it is needed to control too much instant coffee-mix intake in the dietary management of rural residents.

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    Sei Kim, Hye Kyung Jeon, Gyeonghee Lee, Youbin Kim, Hae Young Yoo
    Nutrients.2023; 15(20): 4385.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of 24-hour Recalls with a Food Frequency Questionnaire in Assessing Coffee Consumption: The Health Examinees (HEXA) Study
    An Na Kim, Jiyoung Youn, Hyun Jeong Cho, Taiyue Jin, Sangah Shin, Jung Eun Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(1): 48.     CrossRef
  • Association of Dietary Fatty Acid Consumption Patterns with Risk of Hyper-LDL Cholesterolemia in Korean Adults
    Eunhee Choi, Seoeun Ahn, Hyojee Joung
    Nutrients.2020; 12(5): 1412.     CrossRef
  • Association of coffee consumption with health-related quality of life and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: based on 2013 ~ 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Hyesook Kim, Yu Jin Kim, Yeni Lim, Oran Kwon
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(6): 538.     CrossRef
  • Obesity and Related-factors in Patients with Chronic Mental Illness Registered to Community Mental Health Welfare Centers
    Eun-Suk Park, Eun-Hyun Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(1): 76.     CrossRef
  • 3-in-1 coffee consumption is associated with metabolic factors in adults: Based on 2012~2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Jee-Young Yeon, Yun-Jung Bae
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2017; 50(3): 257.     CrossRef
  • The effect of coffee consumption on food group intake, nutrient intake, and metabolic syndrome of Korean adults—2010 KNHANES (V-1)
    Fangfang Song, JiEun Oh, KyungWon Lee, Mi Sook Cho
    NFS Journal.2016; 4: 9.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Coffee Consumption on the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Prediabetic Individuals
    Ji-Ho Lee, Mi-Kyeong Oh, Jun-Tae Lim, Haa-Gyoung Kim, Won-Joon Lee
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2016; 37(1): 7.     CrossRef
  • Associations of Obesity and Dyslipidemia with Intake of Sodium, Fat, and Sugar among Koreans: a Qualitative Systematic Review
    Yoon Jung Kang, Hye Won Wang, Se Young Cheon, Hwa Jung Lee, Kyung Mi Hwang, Hae Seong Yoon
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2016; 5(4): 290.     CrossRef
  • Survey on Body Image Perception, Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intakes according to Interest Level in Health of Female University Students in Gyeongnam Area
    Eun-Hee Seo
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2015; 28(2): 281.     CrossRef
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Nutritional Evaluation and Its Relation to the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome according to the Consumption of Cooked Rice and Cooked Rice with Multi-grains in Korean Adults: Based on 2007-2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Soo Hyun Son, Hwa Jung Lee, Kyong Park, Tae Youl Ha, Jung Sook Seo
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(1):77-87.   Published online February 28, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.1.77
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This study was conducted to investigate the nutrient intakes of subjects by quartile of percent energy intake from cooked rice, consumption of cooked rice mixed with multi-grains and to evaluate rice consumption in relation to the risk of metabolic syndrome. The subjects were 5,830 males and females aged between 20~64 years based on 2007-2008 KNHNES data. Levels of percent energy intake from cooked rice were classified into 4 groups (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 groups: 25% of each) using data of 24-hour recall method from KNHNES. Using medical examination and questionnaire, subjects were classified according to diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome. The subjects with higher age, being married, lower education, lower economic level were more likely to take higher percent energy intake from cooked rice. Quartile Q3 of percent energy intake from cooked rice tended to show higher Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) for fiber, calcium, iron, potassium and vitamin A. INQ of protein, dietary fiber, calcium, thiamin, phosphorus, potassium, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin C by consumption of cooked rice mixed with multi-grains was higher than that by consumption of cooked white rice when adjusted for age. No association with a risk for metabolic syndrome was found for quartile of percent energy intake from cooked rice or cooked rice mixed with multi-grains compared to cooked white rice after adjusting for energy, gender, age, BMI, alcohol, smoking, income and physical activity. In conclusion, consumption of over 54% energy intake from cooked rice or only cooked white rice showed relatively low INQs, but was not associated with a higher risk for metabolic syndrome.

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    Hongbin Guo, Jun Ding, Jieyu Liang, Yi Zhang
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Suk Hyeon Seo, Jiyoun Hong, Im Huei Son, Young Hee Han, Taisun Hyun
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(6): 569.     CrossRef
  • Dietary quality differs by consumption of meals prepared at home vs. outside in Korean adults
    Kyung Won Lee, Won O. Song, Mi Sook Cho
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2016; 10(3): 294.     CrossRef
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    Han Na Kim, Hyo Eun Park
    The International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology.2016; 4(3): 24.     CrossRef
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    Hee-Kyung Jang
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(2): 246.     CrossRef
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    Sim-Yeol Lee, Jin-A Kim
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    Yong-Soon Kim, Dong-Kwan Kim, Jin-Gyung Choi, Heung-Gyu Park, Myeong-Seok Kim, Hae-Ryoung Shin, Gyung-Ju Choi, Jong-Tag Yun
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  • Analysis of Dietary Intake Status and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome According to White Rice Consumption in Korea: Basted on Data 1st (1998), 4th (2007~2009), 6th (2013) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
    Fang-Fang Song, Jin-A Jang, Yang-suk Kim, Hei-ryeo Yoon, Mi-Sook Cho
    Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2015; 30(5): 682.     CrossRef
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    Inja Youn, Sohyeong Myeong, Deokihn Yoon
    Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2015; 30(6): 804.     CrossRef
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    Chunhoo Cheon, So-Mi Oh, Soobin Jang, Jeong-Su Park, Sunju Park, Bo-Hyoung Jang, Yong-Cheol Shin, Seong-Gyu Ko
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2014; 5(1): 28.     CrossRef
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    Hee-Kyung Jang
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2014; 27(4): 660.     CrossRef
  • The Risk of Metabolic Syndrome by Dietary Patterns of Middle-aged Adults in Gyeonggi Province
    You-Sin Lee, Moo-Yong Lee, Sim-Yeol Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(6): 527.     CrossRef
  • Cooking Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Cooked Rice According to the Addition of Glutinous and Non-glutinous Sorghum
    Koan Sik Woo, Jee Yeon Ko, Jung In Kim, Jae Saeng Lee, Seuk Bo Song, Jae Min Cho, Tae Wook Jung, Ki Young Kim, In Seok Oh
    Korean Journal of Crop Science.2013; 58(4): 399.     CrossRef
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    Kyung Won Seo, Ki Young Yoon
    The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2013; 61(4): 186.     CrossRef
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Anthropometric Index, Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake of the Oldest-old Population Aged 95 and Over Living in Seoul
Chung Shil Kwak, Ji Hyun Cho, Miyong Yon, Sang Chul Park
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(5):603-622.   Published online October 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.5.603
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The population aged 95 years and older in Seoul approximately increased to five-fold over the past 10 years, while nationwide rates increased to three-fold. In order to examine the dietary habit and nutritional status of oldest-old population living in Seoul, we recruited 87 subjects (25 males and 62 females) aged 95 years and older. The prevalence of underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI > or = 25 kg/m2) were 18.2% and 18.2% in males, and 20.8% and 9.4% in females, respectively. In self-assessment of health, only 25.3% answered to be unhealthy. More males exercised regularly and reported a wide range of activities than females. The average of %Kcal from carbohydrate, protein and fat (C : P : F) was 64.9 : 13.8 : 21.2 in males and 68.1 : 14.2 : 17.7 in females. The average daily energy intake was 1,307 kcal in males and 1,304 kcal in females. More than 75% of subjects were taking under estimated average requirements (EAR) for vitamin B1, B2 & C and Ca. The average of mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was 0.66 in males and 0.70 in females, and 28.8% of males and 12.9% of females were in MAR < 0.50. Based on MAR, 32.0% of males and 14.5% females were classified as normal and 16.0% of males and 25.8% of females were classified as malnourished. Our subjects were taking more animal food, especially milk and its products, compared to those living, in rural areas. However, a significant proportion did not meet the EAR for vitamin B1, B2 & C and Ca.

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    Sojeong Lee, Seungmin Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(5): 363.     CrossRef
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    Asif Khattak, Badar Kanwar, Consolato Sergi, Chul Joong Lee, Jenny Balentine, Jong-Hoon Lee, Jungwuk Park, So Jeong Lee, Su-Hee Choi
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    Gyusang Han, Eunju Yang
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(1): 27.     CrossRef
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    Jong-Sook Kwon, Seung Hee Lee, Kang Min Lee, Yoonna Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(2): 200.     CrossRef
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    Min-June Lee, Jung-Hyun Kim, Ok-Jin Park, Young-Mi Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(1): 65.     CrossRef
  • The Prevalence of Obesity by Percentage of Body Fat, Waist Circumference, and Body Mass Index and Their Association with Prevalence of Chronic Diseases of Elderly in Seoul Area
    Min Jeong Kang, Jung Young Park, Jung Yun Kim, Yeon Joo Lee, Min Hee Do, Sang Sun Lee
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2014; 27(3): 358.     CrossRef
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[English]
The Relationship among Insulin Resistance, Blood Profiles and Nutrient Intake in Overweight or Obese Children and Adolescents
Jae Hee Kim, Eun Kyung Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(5):530-542.   Published online October 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.5.530
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purposes of this study were to investigate blood profiles and nutrient intakes of groups that are different in obese levels, and to find the credible predictor of insulin resistance. The subjects were classified as normal weight (%IBW < or = 110), obese without MS and obese with MS according to IDF definition of the risk group in metabolic syndrome (MS). Subjects of this study were included 137 (59 boys, 78 girls) free living children and adolescents (mean age 12.6 +/- 3.4 years) in Gangneung area, South Korea. %IBW of normal weight (94.9%), obese without MS (123.8%) and obese with MS (131.5%) were significantly different among groups. HOMA-IR had positive correlations with TG (r = 0.634), waist circumference (r = 0.553), atherogenic index (r = 0.513), %IBW (r = 0.453) and ALT (r = 0.360), but showed negative correlations with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.417, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR showed positive correlation with polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (p < 0.05). The energy intake of obese with MS was 1762 kcal/day which was not significantly different from those of normal weight and obese without MS. Total fatty acid intakes of two obese groups were significantly higher than that of normal weight. The results of this study suggest that waist circumference and ALT as well as TG, atherogenic index and weight can be credible indices to predict the insulin resistance in children and in adolescents. In addition, nutrition education and adequate diet should be provided to prevent MS in children and in adolescents.

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    Ji-Sook Park, Ha-Neul Choi, Jae-Young Kim, Sang-Hyuk Ma, Jung-Eun Yim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2022; 55(6): 630.     CrossRef
  • Biochemical Index, Nutrition Label Use, and Weight Control Behavior in Female Adolescents: Using the 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Mi-Ja Choi, Hyun-Ju Jo, Mi-Kyung Kim
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2020; 9(1): 32.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with Obesity among Korean Adolescents based on the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016)
    Hyun Young Koo, Eun Kyung Lee
    Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(1): 28.     CrossRef
  • Effects of interaction betweenSLC12A3polymorphism, salt-sensitive gene, and sodium intake on risk of child obesity
    Joohyun Jung, Myoungsook Lee
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2017; 50(1): 32.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Eating Behavior and Nutritional Status Using the Nutrition Quotient in Obese Children
    Hee-Sook Lim, Soon-Kyung Kim, Yoon-Hyung Park, Young-Lim Shin
    The Korean Journal of Obesity.2016; 25(4): 225.     CrossRef
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[English]
The Comparison of Growth and Nutrient Intakes in Children with and without Atopic Dermatitis
Seung Joo Park, Jae Sun Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Sang Jin Chung
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(3):271-279.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.3.271
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has increased recently all over the world. Several studies worldwide reported growth retardation associated with AD, but few studies were reported in Korea. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identity the differences in growth and nutrient intakes between Korean children with and without AD. The participants were 71 AD children and age, gender-matched 81 control children aged 10 to 36 months. Demographic information was gathered by questionnaires. Height and weight were measured at clinic and health centers. Height and weight for age, and weight for height were converted as deviation in Z scores using World Health Organization Standard. A 24 hour dietary recall method was performed to estimate nutrient intakes. A higher percentage of AD children had insufficient energy and intakes of calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc and vitamin B2 , defined as intakes lower than 75% of the Dietary Reference Intakes for Korean, compared to the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 0.001, P = 0.003, P = 0.001, P = 0.014, P = 0.001, respectively). The percentages of children with height and weight for age Z score below than-1 (stunted) were significantly higher in the AD group (P < 0.001 0.001 and P < 0.001 0.001, respectively). Multiple food restriction, defined as > or = 3 food elimination, was associated with insufficient energy and intakes of calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, vitamins A and B2 . In conclusion, children with AD need regular nutrient assessment and education about alternative food choices to avoid r food elimination in order to prevent growth retardation or inadequate nutrient intakes. Further longitudinal studies for growth and nutrient intakes should be performed to understand the patterns of growth in children with AD.

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    Hye Won Kim, Ji-Myung Kim
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    Jeong Eun Oh, Eunyoung Kim, Yunkyoung Lee
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  • Evaluation of nutritional status and adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes among atopic dermatitis children under 12 years of age: based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2013–2015)
    Hye Won Kim, Ji-Myung Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(2): 141.     CrossRef
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    Hye-Ran Shin, Sook-Bae Kim
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    Eun-Sil Her, Bo-Young Seo
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    An Deok Seo, Jun Yeol Lee, Song I Yang, Hye Ran Lee, So-Yeon Lee
    Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease.2017; 5(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • The change in food allergy prevalence of elementary school children in Seoul since the last 20 years and the risk factor analysis
    Yeong-Ho Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Eun Lee, Hyun-Ju Cho, Hyo-Bin Kim, Ji-Won Kwon, Song-I Yang, Eun-Jin Kim, Jeom-Kyu Lee, Soo-Jong Hong
    Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease.2016; 4(4): 276.     CrossRef
  • Nutrient intakes of infants with atopic dermatitis and relationship with feeding type
    Youngshin Han, Youngmi Lee, Haeryun Park, Sunyoung Park, Kyunghee Song
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2015; 9(1): 57.     CrossRef
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    Yunkyoung Lee, Hyun-Hee Kim, Yang-Sook Ko
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    Jae Young Park, Ga Young Park, Young Shin Han, Mee Yong Shin
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    Hyunjin Lim, Kyunghee Song, Ran Kim, Jiyeon Sim, Eunah Park, Kangmo Ahn, Jihyun Kim, Youngshin Han
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2013; 2(1): 52.     CrossRef
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A Study of Nutrient Intakes, Blood Lipids and Bone Mineral Density according to Obesity Degree by Percentage of Body Fat and Age between Male and Female Teacher in Jeonbuk Province, Korea
Hye Soon Chang
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(1):49-68.   Published online February 29, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.1.49
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes, blood lipids and bone mineral density of male (n = 59) and female (n = 172) teachers according to the obesity index by percentage of body fat and age. The energy intakes of obesity group were higher than normal group in male (p < 0.05), but were not significant in female. The protein intake ratio among three energy nutrients for male was higher than female (p < 0.001), and lipid intake ratio of obesity group in female was a little higher than male that was not significant. TC, LDL, TC/HDL, risk of coronary heart disease, blood glucose and blood pressure of obesity group were higher than normal group in female (p < 0.01 ~ p < 0.001), but were little significance in male. Risk of coronary heart disease was affected by gender (p < 0.001), obesity degree (p < 0.01), age (p < 0.001), and interaction of gender and age (p < 0.001). Blood glucose was affected by obesity degree (p < 0.05), but was not affected by age. T-scores of forearm for female (= -1.42) were lower than that of male (= -0.95), and T-scores of obesity group in male (= 0.12) were higher than that of normal group (= -0.33) but were not significant in female. The T-scores of forearm for female were affected by age (p < 0.05) and gender (p < 0.01), but calcaneus was not affected by gender. These results suggest lipid intake ratio should be balanced for obesity group in female. Nutritional education for treatment obesity to prevent hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis is necessary for obesity group and older age groups. T-scores of forearm were lower than calcaneus, so arm exercise would be especially required to prevent osteoporosis for older age women groups.

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    Seungjin Jeon, Minji Kim, Jiwun Yoon, Sangyong Lee, Sekyoung Youm
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • A Study on Weight Control Behaviour, Eating Habits and Health-related Life Habits According to Obesity Degree of Teacher in Jeonbuk Province, Korea
    Hye-Soon Chang
    Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2015; 30(1): 105.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Bone Mineral Density, Biochemical Index and Nutrient Intakes of 30-70 Years Old Women: Based on 2011 KNHANES
    Jae Ok Koo, Myung Sook Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(4): 328.     CrossRef
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Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes by the Score of Dietary Action Guides for Korean Children among the Elementary School Students in Gwangju City
Bok Hee Kim, Mi young Sung, Yoonna Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(4):411-425.   Published online August 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.411
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This study was conducted to examine differences in nutrient intakes by the compliance with the Dietary Action Guide for Korean Children. The subjects included 343 elementary school students in Gwangju city. Compliance with the Dietary Action Guide for Children showed that 62.4% of subjects had breakfast everyday; 44.3% of subjects ate vegetables/fruits/milk and dairy products daily; 26.8% of subjects ate a variety of lean meats/fish/eggs/bean products daily; 32.9% of subjects enjoyed outdoor activity everyday and ate according to their energy needs; 40.2% of subjects chose healthy and nutritious foods for snack; and 15.5% of subjects avoided food waste. Intakes of most of nutrients including energy were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in those who complied with the Dietary Action Guide well. Also nutrient intakes had the positive correlation with the scores of Dietary Action Guide (p < 0.05). From these results, nutrient intakes of children were significantly influenced by dietary factors suggested in the Dietary Action Guide for Children. In addition, the results also confirmed that good food behaviors were indispensible to maintaining a proper nutritional status. Based on these results, good food behaviors and practice were critical to secure good health and proper nutritional status for children, and that nutrition education should be strengthened in school as well as at home.

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    Eunyoung Yoon
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(3): 220.     CrossRef
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    Ji Ye Lim, Jung Hyun Kim, Sung Hee Min, Myung Hee Lee, Min June Lee
    Korean Journal of Food & Cookery Science.2016; 32(1): 84.     CrossRef
  • Gender Differences in Adolescents' Dietary Perceptions and Practices
    Taejung Woo, Hye-Jin Lee, Kyoung Ae Lee, Seung Min Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(2): 165.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Obesity and Nutritional Status by Age among Low-income Women aged over 20  -Using Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-
    Hee-Kyung Jang
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(2): 246.     CrossRef
  • Relationships between children's Nutrition Quotient and the practice of the Dietary Guidelines of elementary school students and their mothers
    Jae Ran Kim, Hyeon-Sook Lim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2015; 48(1): 58.     CrossRef
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    Bok Hee Kim, Bang Geul Shim, Eun Jeong
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2014; 27(5): 771.     CrossRef
  • A Survey of Satisfaction with Quality attributes of Meal Services for Low-income Children in Wonju
    Hae Sook Oh
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2014; 25(2): 233.     CrossRef
  • An Evaluation of Dietary Habit and Nutritional Status by Household Income in Female Adults over the Age of 20 - Using Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey -
    Hee-Kyung Jang
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2014; 27(4): 660.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between adhering to dietary guidelines and the risk of obesity in Korean children
    Soo Hyun Yu, YoonJu Song, Mijung Park, Shin Hye Kim, Sangah Shin, Hyojee Joung
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2014; 8(6): 705.     CrossRef
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    Kyunghee Song, Hongmie Lee
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    Yuni Choi, Yeji You, Kyeong Ah Go, Zuunnast Tserendejid, Hyun Joo You, Jung Eun Lee, Seungmin Lee, Hae-Ryun Park
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2013; 7(3): 207.     CrossRef
  • Awareness and Practice of Dietary Action Guide for Adolescence among Middle and High School Students in Korea
    So-Hyun Park, Hae-Ryun Park, Soo-Bin Jeon, So-Yeon Jeong, Zuunnast Tserendejid, Jung-Sook Seo, Kyung-Hae Lee, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(2): 133.     CrossRef
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    Sunmi Park, Woori Na, Misung Kim, Eunsoo Kim, Cheongmin Sohn
    Preventive Nutrition and Food Science.2012; 17(4): 254.     CrossRef
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    Hee-Jung Moon, Seol-Ak Kim, Hee-Jung Park
    Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2012; 12(6): 1193.     CrossRef
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    Min-Jung Son, Young-Sook Cho, Se-Na Kim, Hye-Ji Seo, Sook-Bae Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2011; 16(6): 647.     CrossRef
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Changes in Food and Nutrient Intakes of College Students between 1999 and 2009
Han Byul Jang, Hwa Young Lee, Young Hee Han, Jeehye Song, Ki Nam Kim, Taisun Hyun
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(3):324-336.   Published online June 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.3.324
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
The purpose of the study was to examine the changes of food and nutrient intakes of college students between 1999 and 2009. Dietary survey of 169 college students was conducted by a 24-hour recall method for three days in 2009. Food and nutrient intakes in 2009 were compared with the data from 106 students collected by the same methods in 1999. The intakes of cereals & grain products and vegetables in 2009 were lower than those of 1999, but the intakes of meats, eggs, milk & milk products, and manufactured food were higher. The intake of rice per person decreased greatly from 452.2 g in 1999 to 351.4 g in 2009 in males, and from 306.9 g to 237.2 g in females. While the intakes of protein, fat, thiamin, niacin, vitamin B6, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and cholesterol were significantly higher, the intakes of dietary fiber were significantly lower in 2009 compared to 1999 both in males and females. The nutrients consumed less than the Recommended Intakes were vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, and calcium in males and additionally folate, iron, and zinc in females in both 1999 and 2009. The ratio of carbohydrate, protein and fat as energy was 61 : 15 : 24 and 60 : 14 : 26 in 1999, and 54 : 16 : 30 and 56 : 15 : 29 in 2009 in males and females respectively, showing that carbohydrate intake decreased and fat intake increased greatly. Our data suggest that nutrition education is necessary for college students to help them consume more vegetables and fruits and less fat and cholesterol.

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    So Young Kim, Jeong Soon You, Kyung Ja Chang
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    Youngmee Lee, Lin Sun
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    Han-Byul Jang, Young-Hee Han, Chandrika J Piyathilake, Heon Kim, Taisun Hyun
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  • Comparison of the lipids levels, C-reactive protein and adiponectin in adolescent male by fat intake
    Sung-Hye Lee, Mi-Young Park, Soon-Kyung Kim, Young-Ki Min
    Korean Journal of Nutrition.2012; 45(4): 303.     CrossRef
  • Beliefs Regarding Vegetable Consumption, Self-Efficacy and Eating Behaviors according to the Stages of Change in Vegetable Consumption among College Students
    Yun Ahn, Kyung Won Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(1): 1.     CrossRef
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    Sung-Hye Lee, Mi-Young Park, Soon-Kyung Kim, Young-Ki Min
    Korean Journal of Nutrition.2012; 45(4): 303.     CrossRef
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    Youngmee Lee, Wookyoun Cho, Yujin Oh
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    Hye-Ja Chang, Jeong-Won Kim, Se-Young Ju, Eun-Sun Go
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    Young-Hee Lim, Sun-Hyo Kim
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture.2012; 27(3): 240.     CrossRef
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Association of Daily Sleep Duration with Obesity, Macronutrient Intake, and Physical Activity
Inkyung Baik, Chol Shin
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(3):315-323.   Published online June 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.3.315
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
There are a few studies that reported the association of sleep duration with calorie intake and energy expenditure. Using cross-sectional data from a population-based prospective study, we evaluated the association of sleep duration with indicators of obesity including body mass index and waist circumference, calorie intake and its proportion of macronutrients, and physical activity. The study subjects were 4,226 male and female adults, who were aged 40 to 69 years and were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia at baseline. Robust regression analysis was used to analyze associations. The study found that sleep duration is inversely associated with waist circumference, calorie intake, and percent of calories from fat intake and is positively associated with percent of calories from carbohydrate intake and physical activity. The inverse association between sleep duration and waist circumference was stronger among men than among women. The inverse association between sleep duration and calorie intake was stronger among women than among men and such association was also stronger among obese persons than those with a normal body mass index. The positive association between sleep duration and physical activity was strongly demonstrated regardless of sex or obesity. Physical activity is positively associated with sleep duration independent of potential confounding factors including age, sex, income, occupation, marital status, education, smoking status, waist circumference, calorie and macronutrient intake, and alcohol intake.

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  • Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolic Biochemical Markers and Diet Quality Index-International(DQI-I) in Postmenopausal Obese Women
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[English]
A Study on Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Nutrient Intake, Psychological Index according to the Obesity Degree of College Women
Se Na Kang, Jung Hwa Park, Hye Jin Hwang
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(1):14-22.   Published online February 28, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.1.14
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader
This study was designed to compare the incidence and severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) between normal (N = 85) and overweight or obese (N = 28) college female students and investigated correlation between PMS, nutrient intake, hematological index and psychological index (depression, anxiety, stress). Each subject was asked a Menstrual Discomfort Questionnaire (MDQ) for PMS by 5 Likert scale. The PMS scores of women in the normal weight subjects ranked in order of severity were water retention (2.71), followed by behavioral change (2.58), negative affect (2.46), pain (2.31), autonomic reaction (2.27), decreased concentration (2.16). The symptoms of 'pain' and 'behavioral change' of overweight or obese subject were significantly higher than those of normal subject (p < 0.05). And total cholesterol concentration of overweight or obese subjects was significantly higher than in normal subject (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between the symptoms of 'negative effect' and BMI. And the triglyceride concentration was positively related with 'water retention (p < 0.01)'. The symptoms of 'decreased concentration' were negatively correlated with calcium (p < 0.01) and vitamin B6 intake (p < 0.05). The depression score were positively related with symptoms of 'behavioral change (p < 0.05)', 'negative affect' (p < 0.01), and the anxiety score was positively correlated with 'behavioral change (p < 0.05)' and 'decreased concentration (p < 0.05)'. The stress score was positively correlated with 'decreased concentration (p < 0.01)', 'behavioral change (p < 0.05)' and 'negative affect (p < 0.05)'. This suggests that PMS represents the clinical manifestation of a calcium, vitamin B6 deficiency and psychological disorder. Therefore we concluded that nutrient supplementation, depression and stress management may help to relieve PMS symptoms.

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[English]
Associated Factors with Severity of Atopic Dermatitis in Children
Jae Sun Lee, Sunmi Jo, Heechul Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Sang Jin Chung
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(6):776-782.   Published online December 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has increased over the past decades. A variety of factors are related to the development of atopic dermatitis, including genetics and environmental factors. The purpose of the study was to examine factors associated with severity of atopic dermatitis in 104 children aged 6-60 months. To investigate the association between severity and other factors children were divided into two groups, mild (n = 62) and severe (n = 42) groups, based on SCORAD index which measures the severity of atopic dermatitis. Results showed that family history, family's smoking, period of having AD and the levels of the serum total IgE were significantly higher in severe group. More than 6 months of breastfeeding and weaning after 6 month were not associated with severity of AD, but the number of food eliminated was associated with severity. Only vitamin C intake was significantly different by severity after adjusting for energy intake, family history, family's smoking and period of having AD (p = 0.033). There was no association between the severity of atopic dermatitis and growth of children. This study concluded that the severity of atopic dermatitis was associated with family history, family's smoking, period of having AD, children's serum total IgE, and vitamin C intakes. The result of this study should provide the significant information for better management of AD.
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[English]
Health Status and Nutrient Intakes of 5th Grade Elementary Students in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province
Ok Hyun Kim, Hyun Ah Park, Young Gyu Cho, Kyoung Woo Kim, Yangim Hur, Ji Hyun Song, Jae Heon Kang
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(6):717-726.   Published online December 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to investigate health status and nutrient intakes among 5th grade elementary students at Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010. This study was cross-sectional study on 1,384 children (687 boys, 697 girls) from nine elementary schools located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. The average height, weight and BMI were 145 cm, 40.6 kg 19.2 kg/m2 for boys and 145.4 cm, 38.2 kg, 18.0 kg/m2 for girls. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 11.3%, 5.2%, respectively. Serum AST, ALT, glucose, HDL-Cholesterol and RBC levels were significantly higher, while TG levels was significantly lower for boys than for girls. The average energy intake was 1772.4 kcal, which was 98.7% of Estimated Energy Requirement (EER). The boys consumed more energy intake (1800.4 kcal) than the girls (1744.7 kcal). Also, they took insufficient calcium and folate (69.1% and 83.3% of Recommended Intake (RI)) and excess sodium (297.6% of Adequate Intake (AI)) and 85.1% of the subjects had breakfast everyday. In general, the proportion of the children who consumed fruits and vegetables at least once or more a day was low. There was a higher proportion of children in boys who had ramyun and milk with sufficient physical activity than those in girls. As a result of this study, we can find risk factors on obesity and metabolic disorders, and the results can be used for an evidence of nutrition education program and the intervention program.
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[English]
Relationships between Nutrient Intake Status and Sugar-containing Food Intake of Elementary School Students in Daegu-Kyungbook Area
Hyeon Jung Kim, Hyun Mee Oh, Young Ji Cho, Jin Sook Yoon
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(5):573-581.   Published online October 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to investigate the association of nutrients intake with sugar-containing food consumption of elementary school students in Daegu-Kyungpook area. We analyzed the dietary information from 164 elementary school students (82 boys, 82 girls) participated in "Dietary Intake Survey of Infants, Children and Adolescents" conducted by Korea Food & Drug Administration and Korea Health Industry Development Institute. Information on habitual dietary intake of sugar-containing foods was collected by food frequency questionnaires. Daily nutrients intake of each subject was calculated from 24-hour recall data for two non-consecutive days. As a result of average daily intake of major foods of elementary school students was analyzed from 1 to 50 ranking that show up higher ranking of white milk and white rice but include many kind of sugar-containing food. Dietary intake of energy, carbohydrate, Ca, P, Fe and riboflavin were significantly lower for girls with higher sugar-containing food frequency scores. Significantly negative associations between Index of Nutrition Quality (INQ) and sugar-containing food frequency scores were observed for calcium (r = -0.34) and iron (r = -0.32) among girls. Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) was significantly lower for girls with higher sugar-containing food frequency scores (r = -0.26). Our results indicated that nutrition education for elementary school students should focus on the importance of reducing the sugar-containing food consumption with more attention for girls.
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[English]
Assessment for Nutrient Intakes in Korean Women according to Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
Hye Kyung Chung, Ju Hee Kang, Min Jeong Shin
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(5):694-703.   Published online October 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
Recent studies have reported that a subset of obese individuals who were metabolically healthy but obese had more favorable clinical outcomes than obese subjects with metabolic disturbances. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution and agreement of obesity subtypes according to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Furthermore, we examined the differences of nutrient intake among the groups. Data was analyzed for 1,095 female subjects older than 40 years using Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2008. The degree of obesity was classified by two methods, using BMI (obese > or = 25 kg/m2, not obese < 25 kg/m2) and MS (meet > or = 3 criteria among 5 index: waist circumference, triglyceride, glucose, HDL-cholesterol and blood pressure). Subjects were divided into 4 groups according to 2x2 cross table: non-obese without MS, non-obese with MS, obese without MS and obese with MS. Nutrient intakes were compared among 4 groups. The results showed that the proportions of non-obese without MS, non-obese with MS, obese without MS and obese with MS were 47.6%, 13.6%, 16.6%, and 22.2% of total subjects, respectively. The agreement (kappa value) of two methods was 0.354 (fair) in total subjects, 0.365 (fair) in 40-60 year old subjects and 0.304 (fair) in > or = 61 year old subjects. In > or = 61 years old subjects, intakes of percentage energy from carbohydrate, percentage of energy from fat, calcium, phosphorous, sodium, vitamin A, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin were significantly different among the groups. In contrast, the subjects of 40-60 years old, no differences in nutrient intakes were observed. In conclusion, there were differences in nutrient intakes among the groups subdivided by obesity and MS, especially in elderly female subjects. Individualized dietary guideline for subtype of obesity will be needed to treat metabolic disturbance of obesity.
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[English]
A Study on Vegetable Intakes and Dietary Habits of Middle School Students in Chungnam
Hyun Sun Cho, Myung Hee Kim, Mi Kyeong Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2010;15(4):525-535.   Published online August 31, 2010
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nutritional education for juveniles' desirable vegetable intake by analyzing their vegetable intake, dietary habit and nutrient intakes according to gender of middle school students in Chungnam. The average age of the subjects was 15.0, height was 162.5 cm, weight was 53.5 kg and their average BMI was 20.1 kg/m2. The frequency of eating supper in girls was lower than that in boys. Many respondents answered that a meal-time was 10~20 minutes. Without gender difference, more than 90% respondents thought that vegetables were good for health. As for the preference of vegetable, subjects responded, "I am in the middle", "I like them", "I dislike them", "I like them very much", and "I dislike them very much" in order, without gender difference. The frequent eaten leaf vegetable was Chinese cabbage, the frequent eaten fruit vegetable was cucumber, and the frequent eaten root vegetable was radish. The favorite leaf vegetable was lettuce, the favorite fruit vegetable was corn, and the favorite root vegetable was sweet potato. The preference degrees of taro and ginger were very low. The reasons why they liked a vegetable were that it was delicious and they ate it at home often. In addition, the reason why they disliked vegetables was that they are untasty in flavor or texture and it showed that many students had a prejudice that vegetables were untasty. The intakes of plant protein, dietary fiber, ash and INQs of dietary fiber, calcium, vitamin C, folate, vitamin E in the group with high preference of vegetables were significantly higher than those of low preference group. The study results indicate that intake frequency and preference of root vegetables in juveniles are low and the major reasons of these results are taste and eating experience of vegetables. In addition, the intake amounts of dietary fiber and folate are poor in the subjects with low preference of vegetables. Therefore, families and schools should make efforts that juveniles can recognize the importance of vegetable intake and select various vegetables properly through the development of cooking methods and systematic nutrition education.
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© The Korean Society of Community Nutrition.
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