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[English]
Relationship between self-care and health-related behaviors among Korean adults: a cross-sectional study
EunJung Lee, Jin A Jang, Ji-Myung Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2025;30(2):103-113.   Published online April 29, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2024.00255
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study investigated the relationship between self-care and health-related behaviors such as medication use, dietary supplementation, dietary habits, and physical activity among Koreans aged 20–60 years.
Methods
Data from a total of 300 participants (150 men and 150 women) living in Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces in Korea were analyzed to assess the relationship between health behaviors and dietary supplements (DSs) related to self-care. Based on self-care levels, the participants were classified into three groups: low (LS, n = 124), medium (MS, n = 78), and high (HS, n = 98).
Results
DSs (P < 0.001), physical activity (P < 0.001), recognizing the perceived health benefits of self-care (P < 0.001), self-care when sick (P = 0.039), and the reasons for self-care (P = 0.028) differed among the self-care groups. Daily diet frequency (P = 0.001), breakfast frequency (P = 0.026), regular exercise (P < 0.001), DSs use rate (P < 0.001), DSs use frequency (P = 0.013), and total dietary behavior score (P < 0.001) also differed significantly depending on the degree of self-care. The degree of self-care was significantly and positively correlated with DSs intake (r = 0.377, P < 0.001), physical activity (r = 0.433, P < 0.001), and total dietary behavior score (r = 0.185, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
The results demonstrated that the degree of self-care was related to DSs, physical activity, and total dietary behavior scores in Korean adults. Additionally, self-care capacity should be increased through health-related behaviors based on health education programs.
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[Korean]
Dietary guidelines adherence and changes in eating habits among college students in the post-COVID-19 period: a cross-sectional study
Eunyoung Yoon
Korean J Community Nutr 2023;28(3):220-234.   Published online June 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.3.220
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the adherence to dietary guidelines among college students in the post-COVID-19 era and examine the changes in their dietary habits as the learning environment transitioned from remote to in-person classes.
Methods
We conducted a survey involving 327 college students in Daejeon from March to April 2023. The survey questionnaires included various factors, including age, gender, type of residence, frequency of use of delivery food, convenience food, and eating out. In addition, we investigated the extent of adherence to the dietary guidelines for Koreans and the degree of dietary changes following the post-COVID-19 shift in class format were investigated. For comparative analysis of the level of adherence to dietary guidelines in relation to dietary habit changes, an ANOVA and a post hoc Scheffe test were employed. We also performed a multiple linear regression analysis to identify dietary factors influencing the level of adherence to dietary guidelines.
Results
The study revealed a high rate of convenience food consumption and a low rate of homemade food intake among students. There was a marked increase in the consumption of processed foods, convenience foods, dining out, sweet foods, high-fat fried foods, beverages, and alcohol following the transition from online to in-person classes. When examining adherence to Korean dietary guidelines, the highest scored practice was ‘Hydration’, and the lowest was ‘Breakfast habit’. Increased consumption of convenience foods, late-night snacks, and dining out were negatively correlated with adherence levels to dietary guidelines, specifically correlating with ‘Healthy weight’, ‘Hydration’, ‘Breakfast habit’, and the total score of adherence. The adoption of ‘regular meals’ was positively associated with increased adherence levels to dietary guidelines.
Conclusions
The transition from remote to in-person classes post-COVID-19 led to increased intake of convenience foods, dining out, sweet foods, high-fat fried foods, and alcohol. The rise in convenience food and late-night snack consumption negatively influenced several aspects of the dietary guidelines adherence, thereby suggesting the need for strategies to encourage healthy dietary habits among college students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Attributes of multiple concurrent functional gastrointestinal disorders in female university students in South Korea
    Hyo Kyung Kim, Hyunjung Kim, Aram Lee
    Women & Health.2024; 64(8): 674.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Social Media Use on Segmentation of Dining out Behavior Among Younger Generations: A Case Study in South Korea
    Jin A Jang, Ji-Myung Kim, Hyosun Jung
    Foods.2024; 13(24): 4146.     CrossRef
  • A pilot investigation of a combined food literacy and exercise program for college students: a one-group pre-post intervention study
    Minjeong Jeong, Jinhyun Kim, Dahye Han, Eunjin Jang, Kyoungho Choi, Sohyun Park
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(6): 455.     CrossRef
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  • 3 Crossref
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[English]
Screen time, mealtime media use, and dietary behaviors in Korean preschoolers : a cross-sectional study
Young-Hee Han, Saerom Shin, Eun Yeol Woo, Hye-Kyung Park, Taisun Hyun
Korean J Community Nutr 2023;28(3):206-219.   Published online June 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.3.206
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Screen time refers to the time spent using screen media, such as televisions, smartphones, computers, or tablets. Excessive exposure to screen media has been reported to negatively impact young children’s health and development, including overweight, short sleep duration, and language delays. This study examined the association of screen time and mealtime media use with dietary behaviors among preschool children.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on parents of children aged three to five years using the online questionnaires of the Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers (NQ-P) and the Dietary Screening Test (DST). Data from 261 children’s parents were analyzed.
Results
Of the 261 children, 96.9% used screen media, 55.6% used screen media for two hours or more daily, and 30.7% were exposed to screen media during meals. The NQ-P scores were significantly lower in the children with longer screen time and mealtime media use. Children who used screen media for two hours or more and those exposed to screen media during meals consumed kimchi less frequently and confectionery and sugar-sweetened beverages more frequently than children who used less than two hours and were not exposed to screen media during meals. In addition, they were more likely to be picky about food, refuse to eat, and less likely to feed themselves than children with shorter screen time and no mealtime media use.
Conclusions
This study reported an association between unhealthy dietary behaviors, feeding difficulties, and screen time and mealtime media use among preschool children. Further research should explore effective strategies for reducing children’s screen time.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Exploring the impact of screen time, food advertising, and nutritional knowledge of parents on eating habits in preschoolers: a comprehensive review
    P. Nagadharshini, Veena B. M., Shweatha H. E.
    International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health.2025; 12(8): 3836.     CrossRef
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  • 1 Crossref
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[Korean]
A Study on the Dietary Behavior of Korean Adults: Focus on Dietary Supplement Intake, Household Size, and COVID-19
Jinkyung Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2022;27(6):468-479.   Published online December 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2022.27.6.468
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study investigates dietary supplement intakes by examining the characteristics of dietary and health-related behaviors. Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Dietary and health-related behaviors were also examined before and after the occurrence of COVID-19 and household types (multi-members vs. single person).
Methods
Data used in this study were collected from the 2019-2020 KNHANES by including adults aged 19 to 64 years. Pregnant, lactating, and subjects consuming calories less than 500 and more than 5,000 were excluded. Differences in dietary and health-related behaviors before and after COVID-19, and between the two types of households were analyzed by Chi-square analyses using Rao-Scott. Logistic regression analyses were applied to determine which dietary and health-related behaviors affected the dietary supplement intakes. In addition, descriptive analysis was run for demographic characteristics.
Results
The dietary supplement intake rate differed significantly with respect to the gender, age, education, marital status, and household income. Dietary supplement intakes, frequency of eating out, obesity, and body weight changes were significantly different before and after COVID-19. In addition, meal evaluation, frequency of eating out, drinking, smoking, activity, subjective health evaluation, and body weight changes showed significant differences by household type. Attitude towards nutrition, activity, meal evaluation, obesity, and smoking were factors that affected the intake of dietary supplements.
Conclusions
While increased intake of dietary supplements is a prevalent phenomenon, this intake needs to be monitored and studied closely, considering the sociodemographic characteristics and dietary and health-related behaviors. Furthermore, the dietary supplement intake trend after COVID-19 needs to be studied along with food intake.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Nutritional risk assessment using estimated usual nutrient intake in Korean adults: analysis of the 8th (2019–2021) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
    Woojin Byeon, Cho-il Kim, Sung Ok Kwon, Jihyun Yoon, Linxi Huang
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2025; 19(5): 799.     CrossRef
  • Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption among Adolescents before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic : Using Data from the 7th (2018~2019) and 8th (2020~2021) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Hyun-Jin Hwang, Yoo Kyeong Kim
    Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2024; 33(6): 981.     CrossRef
  • A pilot investigation of a combined food literacy and exercise program for college students: a one-group pre-post intervention study
    Minjeong Jeong, Jinhyun Kim, Dahye Han, Eunjin Jang, Kyoungho Choi, Sohyun Park
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(6): 455.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Eating Habits and Behaviors of Young Single-Person Households based on Food-Related Lifestyle
    Dokyung Kim, Sim-Yeol Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2023; 23(3): 117.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Dietary Supplements on Vitamin and Mineral Intake Among Koreans: Data From the 2018-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Moon Yeong Hwang, Jiyoun Hong
    Food Supplements and Biomaterials for Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dietary guidelines adherence and changes in eating habits among college students in the post-COVID-19 period: a cross-sectional study
    Eunyoung Yoon
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(3): 220.     CrossRef
  • 1,950 View
  • 45 Download
  • 6 Crossref
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[Korean]
Dietary Behaviors Associated with Health Perception of Korean Adolescents from Multicultural Families: based on data from the 2017 ~ 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys
YueRong Hu, SuJin Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2022;27(3):192-204.   Published online June 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2022.27.3.192
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study examined the association between dietary behaviors and perceived health status among Korean adolescents from multicultural families.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 2,459 Korean adolescents from multicultural families (aged 13 ~ 18 years) who participated in the 2017 ~ 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Information on the sociodemographic variables, dietary behaviors, and lifestyle variables was selfreported using a web-based questionnaire. The dietary behaviors analyzed in this study were the breakfast and food intake frequencies, including fruit, vegetable, milk, fast food, carbonated drink, sweet drink, and high caffeine/energy drinks. The adolescents’ health perception was self-rated as healthy, average, or unhealthy. The dietary behaviors associated with health perception were examined using a multiple logistic regression after adjusting for the confounding variables.
Results
In this study population, 7.6% of adolescents perceived their health status as unhealthy, and 25.4% perceived it as average. The adolescents who were girls, middle school students, and in households with a low economic status showed significantly higher percentages of poor health perception (P-values < 0.001). Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with a negative health perception. Compared to the adolescents who consumed fruits every day, those who did not consume fruits during the previous week showed a higher odd ratio (OR) for a negative health perception [OR = 2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.32–3.97]. The adolescents who frequently consumed carbonated drinks ( 5 times/week) perceived their health status as unhealthy relative to those who did not consume carbonated drinks (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.25–3.71). Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with an increased OR for a negative health perception in girls but not in boys. Compared to adolescents with a normal weight, those with overweight/ obesity (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.21–2.52) and underweight (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.25–3.82) showed higher ORs for negative health perception. Positive associations of overweight/obesity and underweight with negative health perception were observed in boys but not in girls.
Conclusions
Dietary behaviors and weight status were associated with the health perception in Korean adolescents from multicultural families. These findings suggest that nutrition interventions on breakfast intake and healthy food choices for this population might effectively improve their weight and perceived health status.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The unequal weight of COVID-19 pandemic: national trends in body mass index among Korean adolescents by immigrant-origin and gender from 2013 to 2022
    Nari Yoo, Yumin Hong, Yoonyoung Choi
    International Journal of Adolescence and Youth.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 19 Download
  • 1 Crossref
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[Korean]
Trends in Dietary Behavior Changes by Region using 2008 ~ 2019 Community Health Survey Data
Yun-Hui Jeong, Hye-Young Kim, Hae-Young Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2022;27(2):132-145.   Published online April 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2022.27.2.132
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study examined trends in the health status and dietary behavior changes by region using the raw data from the 2008 ~ 2019 Community Health Survey.
Methods
This study analyzed the data of 2,738,572 people among the raw data of the Community Health Survey from 2008 to 2019. The regional differences in health status and dietary behavior were examined by classifying the regions into capital and non-capital regions, and the non-capital regions were classified into metropolitan cities and provinces. A chi-square test was conducted on the body mass index (BMI), diagnosis of diabetes and hypertension, frequency of eating breakfast, salty taste in usual diet, recognition of nutrition labeling, reading of nutrition labeling, and utilization of nutrition labeling.
Results
In determining obesity using the BMI, the normal weight by year decreased, and the obesity rate by year was 34.6% in 2019, which increased by 13% compared to 2008. In addition, the diabetes diagnosis rate and hypertension diagnosis rate continued to increase with the year. Both diabetes and hypertension diagnosis rates were higher in the non-capital regions than in the capital region. Eating breakfast five to seven times per week was most common and showed a significant decreasing trend by year (P < 0.001). The percentage of respondents who said they eat slightly bland foods increased from 19.5% in 2008 to 19.9% in 2010 and then to 22.1% in 2013. The percentage then decreased to 19.9% in 2019, but showed an overall increasing trend (P < 0.001). According to the region, the capital region had a higher percentage than the non-capital region. The nutrition labeling's recognition rate and utilization rate increased yearly, whereas the reading rate decreased.
Conclusions
The study results presented the primary data necessary to develop nutrition education programs and establish strategies for local nutrition management projects to improve disease prevention and dietary problems.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Study on the Eating Out Behavior and the Status of Meal Delivery and Take-Out Consumption according to the Food-related Lifestyles of Adolescents : Using the Consumption Behavior Survey for Food in 2020
    Eun Jung Lee, Hyeon Min Yang, Yeong Ju Lee, Sun A Choi, Jeong Ok Rho
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(4): 284.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the levels of energy intake from dish and food groups by gender and age among Korean obese adults: data obtained from the 2013-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Cheongmin Sohn, Woori Na, Chaeryeon Kim, Seunghee Choi, Oh Yoen Kim, Jounghee Lee, Mi Ock Yoon, Myoungsook Lee
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2022; 55(6): 670.     CrossRef
  • 1,263 View
  • 5 Download
  • 2 Crossref
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[Korean]
Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Dietary Quality using Nutritional Quotient among Adults in Daegu, Korea
Kilye Kim, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2021;26(5):350-362.   Published online October 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2021.26.5.350
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study investigated an association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and the dietary quality of adults in Deagu, Korea.
Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted in 1,022 adults aged 19 ~ 49 years (502 men and 520 women) in the Deagu area of Korea. Daily intake of SSB was obtained by the food frequency questionnaire, and the dietary quality was assessed using the nutrition quotient (NQ) for Korean adults. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between dietary quality and daily intake of SSB in adults.
Results
Daily intake of SSB was 463.6 mL/d for total subjects, and the highest intakes were sweetened coffees (192.7 mL/d), followed by carbonated drinks (77.1 mL/d). Higher intake of SSB was associated with higher intake frequency of fast food or sweet and greasy bread, processed beverage, ramyon, eating out or delivery food and night snack, and also associated with lower frequency of water, breakfast intake and nutrition label checking in men or women. Men and women who had a higher intake SSB had significantly greater odds for being in the low grade of NQ (P for trend = 0.0006 for men, P for trend = 0.0007 for women), especially in the moderation factor (P for trend < 0.0001 for men and women).
Conclusions
This study showed that high SSB intake was significantly associated with low dietary quality among adults. These study results suggest that nutrition education programs and guidelines should be provided to adults for improving their consumption of SSB and related diets.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Assessment of the dietary quality among Chinese adults living in Shanghai and the Anhui Province using the Nutrition Quotient for adults
    Ani Liu, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2025; 58(1): 117.     CrossRef
  • Effects of night eating on oral health characteristics and symptoms of poor oral health in adolescents: a cross-sectional study using the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey
    Seung–Hee Hong
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2025; 30(2): 150.     CrossRef
  • Nutritional and Health Status According to the Frequency of Carbonated Beverage Consumption among Adults in Their 20s : Based on the 2019-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) Data
    You-Sin Lee
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2025; 35(3): 159.     CrossRef
  • Study on the Dietary Behaviors and Eating Habits of University Students in the Gyeongnam Region in the Post-COVID-19 Era Using the Nutrition Quotient for Adults
    Joo Sun Choi
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(6): 470.     CrossRef
  • Nutritional status of Daejeon citizens and needs of community nutrition care services: a cross-sectional study
    Dahye Lee, Minsun Jeon
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • Sex-Based Differences in Factors Associated With Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Korean High School Students
    Jin Suk Ra, Moonkyoung Park
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 1,116 View
  • 13 Download
  • 6 Crossref
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[Korean]
Relationship between Eating Behavior and Healthy Eating Competency of Single-Person and Multi-Person Households by Age Group
Seung-Hee Hong, Ji-Myung Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2021;26(5):337-349.   Published online October 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2021.26.5.337
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between eating behaviour and healthy dietary competency of single and multi-person households, to improve healthy eating behavior.
Methods
This study was conducted on 6,355 adult household members who participated in the Food Consumption Behavior Survey 2020. The subjects were divided into age groups comprising young people in their 20s and 30s, middle-aged people in their 40s and 50s, and the elderly in their 60s and above. The eating behavior and healthy dietary competency of single-person and multi-person households were then analyzed.
Results
The average age of the members in the single-person households was found to be higher. Single-person households were also found to have a lower marriage rate and lower monthly household income than multi-person households across the age groups of young, middle-aged, and elderly people (P < 0.05). Among each of the age groups, single-person households had significantly higher rates of skipping breakfast and eating breakfast, lunch, and dinner alone than multi-person households (P < 0.05). Young single-person households had lower average scores on healthy dietary competency than multi-person households (P = 0.032). When adjusted for age, gender, marriage, education, occupation, and household income, single-person households had a higher risk of delivery/take-out, eating out, or skipping meals compared to multi-person households (P < 0.05). In multi-person households, the risk of skipping meals, eating alone, eating out, or delivery/take-out decreased as healthy dietary competency improved (P< 0.05). On the other hand, in single-person households, as healthy dietary competency increased, the risk of delivery/take-out or eating alone decreased (P< 0.05).
Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that healthy dietary competency and eating practices can be improved by providing customized dietary education by age group for single and multi-person households.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, and Perceived Health Status on Health‐Related Quality of Life by Household Characteristics of Patients With Chronic Diseases: The Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS)
    Soyean Kang, Hae Sagong, Juyoung Lee
    Public Health Nursing.2025; 42(3): 1182.     CrossRef
  • Understanding the charactersitics and types of single-person households based on food purchase frequencies in Korea: a cross-sectional study using the 2023 Consumer Behavior Survey for Foods
    So-Yun Kim, Youngmin Nam, Jong-Youn Rha, Haerang Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2025; 30(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • Dietary status and the relationship between dietary competencies, cooking skills, and nutrition quotient of middle-aged adults living alone in Korea
    Sooyoun Kwon, Youngmi Lee, Yun-Jung Bae
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2025; 19(2): 257.     CrossRef
  • A study on regional differences in dietary behaviors and satisfaction in Korea focusing on urban and rural comparisons: a cross-sectional study
    Jong-Youn Rha, Sohyun Kim, Hae-Rang Lee, Juhyeon Kil
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2025; 30(2): 140.     CrossRef
  • Antioxidant and Nutrition Facts Analysis of Konjac Jelly Stick Containing Pinus koraiensis Leaf Powder
    Eunbin Park, Soo-In Ryu, Kyung Tae Jang, Jean Kyung Paik
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2025; 54(5): 402.     CrossRef
  • Comparative study on eating habits and health of single-person and multi-person households
    Haerang Lee, Seon-Jip Kim, Minji Kang, Mi-So Shim
    PLOS One.2025; 20(7): e0327763.     CrossRef
  • The impact of flash continuous glucose monitoring and nutrition coaching on dietary self-efficacy and weight management in university students in Korea: a pre-post intervention study
    Soojin Park
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2025; 30(3): 183.     CrossRef
  • Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activities of Morning Bread with the Addition of Whole Citron (Citrus junos seib) Powder
    Eun Jung Kwak, Hyun-Joo Lee
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2025; 36(3): 417.     CrossRef
  • Association between food-related media content and the eating behaviors of Korean adults according to household type
    Ahyoung Yun, Hyein Jung, Byungmi Kim, Yoonjoo Choi
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Single-Person Households: Insights from a Household Survey of Fruit and Vegetable Purchases
    Andres Silva, Maripaz Rivera, Samuel Durán-Agüero, Maria Isabel Sactic
    Nutrients.2024; 16(17): 2851.     CrossRef
  • Association of delivered food consumption with dietary behaviors and obesity among young adults in Jeju
    Minjung Ko, Kyungho Ha
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2024; 57(3): 336.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Food and Nutrient Intake according to the Income Level in Korean Adult Single-Person Households: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018)
    Min-Hee Han, Bok-Mi Jung
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2024; 35(3): 445.     CrossRef
  • Hazardous alcohol use is associated with food insecurity in adults living alone: Findings from a nationwide study in Korea
    Seong-Uk Baek, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jong-Uk Won
    Social Science & Medicine.2024; 362: 117468.     CrossRef
  • Malnutrition risk, nutritional knowledge, and dietary intake in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis: comparison according to coexisting diabetes
    HyunJung Yoo, Sang Cheol Lee, Hye-Kyeong Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2024; 57(5): 481.     CrossRef
  • A pilot investigation of a combined food literacy and exercise program for college students: a one-group pre-post intervention study
    Minjeong Jeong, Jinhyun Kim, Dahye Han, Eunjin Jang, Kyoungho Choi, Sohyun Park
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(6): 455.     CrossRef
  • Associations of cooking practices and healthy eating habits among young Korean adults in their 20s
    So-Young Kim, Ji Yu Choi
    International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science.2023; 31: 100644.     CrossRef
  • 밀키트 이용 고객의 식생활 양식과 밀키트 선택속성이 밀키트 제품의 만족도에 미치는 영향 분석
    세은 김, 현주 배
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2023; 39(3): 187.     CrossRef
  • The relationship between the prevalence of anemia and dietary intake among adults according to household types based on data from the 7th (2016–2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Hye Won Kim, Ji-Myung Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(5): 510.     CrossRef
  • Improving the nutrition quotient and dietary self-efficacy through personalized goal setting and smartphone-based nutrition counseling among adults in their 20s and 30s
    Dahyeon Kim, Dawon Park, Young-Hee Han, Taisun Hyun
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(4): 419.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Eating Habits and Behaviors of Young Single-Person Households based on Food-Related Lifestyle
    Dokyung Kim, Sim-Yeol Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2023; 23(3): 117.     CrossRef
  • Perception to the dietary guidelines for Koreans among Korean adults based on sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle
    Yejin Yoon, Soo Hyun Kim, Hyojee Joung, Seoeun Ahn
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(6): 742.     CrossRef
  • Association between Healthy Eating Index and Mental Health in Middle-Aged Adults Based on Household Size in Korea
    Ji-Myung Kim, EunJung Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(8): 4692.     CrossRef
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[English]
A Comparative Study of the Dietary Behavior of Adults Aged 20 and Over according to the Mukbang Viewing Time
Ha-Yan Nam, Bok-Mi Jung
Korean J Community Nutr 2021;26(2):93-102.   Published online April 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2021.26.2.93
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between watching Mukbang (eating broadcasts) and dietary and health behavior in adults who watch Mukbang Methods: The questionnaire was administered on a self-written basis through online and offline formats to 800 adults (400 men and 400 women). The contents of the survey consisted of general characteristics, Mukbang viewing time per week, breakfast intake frequency, preference for menus when viewing Mukbang , delivery food intake frequency per week, late meal intake frequency per week, and health behavior. The subjects were divided into three groups according to Mukbang viewing time.
Results
The body weight of viewers was significantly higher whenMukbang viewing time was over 14 hours for both men and women. In particular, based on the BMI (body mass index), those who watched Mukbang for more than 14 hours were found to be overweight. People with more than 14 hours of Mukbang viewing time per week were found to prefer mostly carbohydrate-rich food and meat, while those with less than 7 hours of Mukbang viewing time per week showed a higher preference for vegetables and fruits. An analysis of the frequency of breakfast eaten showed that the rate of skipping breakfast was the highest for those who watched Mukbang for more than 14 hours per week, and the rate of eating breakfast daily was the highest in the case of fewer than 7 hours of viewing. In the case of high Mukbang viewing time per week, the frequency of food delivery and night eating was high. When Mukbang viewing time was high, the viewer’s interest in health was low and the frequency of exercising too was low.
Conclusions
Viewers with high Mukbang viewing time showed undesirable health and eating behavior. Thus, it is believed that proper nutrition education on improving eating habits and raising the awareness of correct eating habits is necessary for such viewers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between food-related media content and the eating behaviors of Korean adults according to household type
    Ahyoung Yun, Hyein Jung, Byungmi Kim, Yoonjoo Choi
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Addictive symptoms of mukbang watching: A qualitative interview study using directed content analysis
    Kagan Kircaburun, Filipa Calado, Andrew Harris, Mark D. Griffiths
    Emerging Trends in Drugs, Addictions, and Health.2024; 4: 100147.     CrossRef
  • Mukbang and Cookbang watching and dietary behavior in Korean adolescents
    Jimin Sung, Jae-Young Hong, Jihong Kim, Jihye Jung, Seoeun Choi, Ji Yun Kang, Mi Ah Han
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2024; 18(4): 523.     CrossRef
  • Effects of watching Mukbang and Cookbang videos on adolescents’ dietary habits and mental health: cross-sectional study using the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey
    Seung-Hee Hong
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(2): 156.     CrossRef
  • Mukbang watching in Iran: a brief report validating the Persian version of the mukbang addiction scale and its relationship with disordered eating decisions and habits
    Reza Shabahang, Sohee Kim, Xiuhan Chen, Mara S. Aruguete, Ágnes Zsila
    Current Psychology.2024; 43(37): 29296.     CrossRef
  • 성인 남녀의 먹방 시청시간에 따른 식행동에 대한 연구
    하얀 남, 복미 정, 은례 전
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2024; 40(4): 275.     CrossRef
  • Changes In the Activation of Supra-hyoid Muscles and Heart Rate of College Students During Food Intake According to Watching Mukbang
    Byung-o Ahn, Sung-Min Son, Hyeong-Min Kim
    American Journal of Health Behavior.2023; 47(4): 832.     CrossRef
  • 밀키트 이용 고객의 식생활 양식과 밀키트 선택속성이 밀키트 제품의 만족도에 미치는 영향 분석
    세은 김, 현주 배
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2023; 39(3): 187.     CrossRef
  • The Relationship Between Watching Mukbang (Eating Show), Eating Behaviors, and Anthropometric Parameters in Iranian Female Students
    Fatemeh Manafi Anari, Shahryar Eghtesadi
    Journal of Research in Health Sciences.2023; 23(1): e00574.     CrossRef
  • Health behaviors and eating habits in people’s 20s and 30s according to food content usage level on social media: a cross-sectional study
    Seo-Yeon Bang, Bok-Mi Jung
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(5): 392.     CrossRef
  • Development and validation of Problematic Mukbang Watching Scale and Mukbang Watching Motives Scale: A cross-sectional study with adult mukbang watchers
    Kagan Kircaburun, Andrew Harris, Filipa Calado, Mark D. Griffiths
    Psychiatry Research Communications.2023; 3(3): 100138.     CrossRef
  • Actual Status of Mukbang Viewing and Food Habits of University Students in Wonju Area
    Seung-Lim Lee, Sun Hee Lee
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2022; 33(4): 631.     CrossRef
  • Uses and gratifications of problematic mukbang watching – The role of eating and social gratification: A pilot study
    Kagan Kircaburun, Mustafa Savcı, Emrah Emirtekin, Mark D. Griffiths
    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2022; 146: 28.     CrossRef
  • Problematic video-streaming: a short review
    Maryam Rahat, Juliette Mojgani, Grace Lethbridge, Hashim Al-Bya, Beth Patterson, Carolina Goldman Bergmann, Michael Van Ameringen
    Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences.2022; 48: 101232.     CrossRef
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[English]
Relationship between the Dietary Behavior of Young Children and Their Mothers in Daejeon, Korea Using the Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers and Adults
InYoung Jeong, SuJin Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2021;26(1):12-22.   Published online February 28, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2021.26.1.12
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study examined the association between the dietary behavior and weight status of preschool children and their mothers in Daejeon, Korea. Methods: A total of 301 mother–preschool children (aged 3~6 years) dyads were included in this study. The dietary behavior of children and their mothers was assessed using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ) questionnaire for preschoolers and adults, respectively. The NQ questionnaires were completed by the mothers. The overweight/ obesity status of children and their mothers was determined using data on height and body weight reported by the mothers. Multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the relationship between the dietary behavior and weight status of children and their mothers. Results: The mean NQ score was 58.9 ± 9.7 in children and 55.6 ± 9.2 in mothers. The NQ score was higher in boys than girls but did not vary by age. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 27.5% in children and 46.5% in mothers. The physical activity level of mothers and their NQ scores were positively associated with the NQ scores of the children. After adjustment for covariates, the mothers in the highest tertile of NQ scores showed a lower odds ratio (OR) for the unhealthy dietary behavior of children (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.11~0.53, P< 0.001) compared to those in the lowest tertile. The obese mothers showed a higher OR for children’s overweight/obesity (OR = 3.38, 95% CI = 1.68~6.80, P = 0.001) compared to normal weight mothers. Conclusions: The dietary behavior and weight status of young children and their mothers were closely linked. Nutrition education programs targeting mothers are necessary for improving maternal and child nutrition. Specifically, these programs need to be tailored to the socioeconomic characteristics or weight status of mothers.

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  • Development and Application of Customized Nutrition Education Content Using Personas for Married Immigrant Women: Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Social Cognitive Theory
    Sil-Ah Kim, Min-Ah Kim, Seung-Ah Kim, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2025; 54(7): 614.     CrossRef
  • Validation of the Korean Version of the Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP ® ): Using the Rasch Model
    So Hyun Park, Youn-Jung Son, Hanjong Park
    Journal of the American Nutrition Association.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the factors that influence preschool children eating behavior by applying the health belief model: Seoul and Gyeonggi Province
    Sung-Mi Cha, Soo-Youn Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(3): 541.     CrossRef
  • Early childhood eating behaviors associated with risk of overweight and its socio-ecological determinants in Korean preschool children
    Yeri Kim, Jiye Kim, Bomi Lee, Seungyoun Jung, Seo-Jin Chung, Hyekyeong Kim, Nana Shin, Yuri Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(4): 717.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dietary Practices for Mothers in Japan
    Lin Wu, Miao Wu, Akira Ishida
    Women.2022; 2(3): 264.     CrossRef
  • Use of mothers' home meal replacement and diet quality of their young children
    Bo-Yeon Kim, Mi-Hyun Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(3): 292.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
[English]
Comparison of Dietary Behavior of Eating Alone in Single Households by Status of Workers and Age
Pil Kyoo Jo, Yu Jin Oh
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(5):408-421.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.5.408
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study compared the dietary behaviors of single-person households when eating alone according to the employment pattern and age.
METHODS
A total of 566 people aged 20~59 years old were collected from the status of workers and classified into three groups according to their employment pattern (regular, non-regular workers and business owner). The subjects were collected by purposive quota sampling on a Gallup panel from June to November in 2017. The dietary behavior and perception of eating alone of the subjects were surveyed via online and self-reported questionnaires.
RESULTS
The frequency of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular group than the non-regular group and business group (p<0.01). The place of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular and non-regular group in the convenience store, and business group in the office (p<0.001). Ramen, the menu when eating alone, was significantly higher in the non-regular group than the other groups (p<0.01). The preference for eating alone was lower in the older age group (p<0.05). The young aged group (aged 20~30) ate more fast food and felt more convenience than the older aged group aged 40~50 years (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Single-person households with a non-regular job have poorer dietary behavior in eating alone than those who had regular employment. In a situation of an increasing number of non-regular workers aged in their 20s and 30s, there is a high likelihood of social problems, such as health and poverty. This study highlights the need for a healthy food selection environment to improve the dietary life of single-person households with non-regular jobs for the diverse types of single-person households.

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  • The de-structuration of eating models in East Asia under compressed food modernity: An empirical synthesis
    Haruka Ueda, Yu-Chan Chiu
    Appetite.2024; 203: 107680.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the Effect Size of Insect Foods on Metabolic Syndrome-Related Indicators
    Chan-Hwi Lee, Ae-Jung Kim
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2024; 53(8): 860.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Eating Habits and Behaviors of Young Single-Person Households based on Food-Related Lifestyle
    Dokyung Kim, Sim-Yeol Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2023; 23(3): 117.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Agrifood Consumer Competency and Dietary Satisfaction according to Household Type Using the Consumer Behavior Survey for Food
    Meera Kim
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2023; 52(4): 414.     CrossRef
  • Association between Prediabetes and Meal Patterns Related to Meal Sharing among Korean Young Adults: Eighth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2019–2020
    Saebom Kim, Sehee Kim, Youngmin Kim, Seonmi Seo, Yu Jin Chung, Sam Cheol Kim
    Korean Journal of Family Practice.2023; 13(3): 179.     CrossRef
  • Impact assessment of a primary care physician counseling program for youth population
    Yun-Su Kim, Shin-Ae Kim
    Medicine.2022; 101(46): e31916.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Dietary Habits and Health-Related Factors According to the Employment in Women in Early Adulthood - Based on the 2016~2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Yun-Jung Bae
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(4): 249.     CrossRef
  • Gender and age group differences in nutrition intake and dietary quality of Korean adults eating alone: based on Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 2013–2016
    Yoonjin Ahn, Youngmi Lee, Haeryun Park, Kyunghee Song
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2021; 15(1): 66.     CrossRef
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[English]
Relationship between Dietary Behaviors and Life Stress of Middle School Students in Gyeonggi Area
Kyung Ae Park, Myoung Sook Lee, Kyung Hee Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(5):384-394.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.5.384
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The study was performed to examine the dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students in the Gyeonggi area.
METHODS
A total of 580 middle school students (295males, 285 females) in the Gyeonggi area participated in the study between July and August in 2011. The study was a questionnaire-based survey that included dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and life stress.
RESULTS
For dietary habits, the score for drinking milk was higher in male students than in female students, whereas the score for eating fruits was higher in female students compared to male students. There were significant differences in foods eaten and preferred under stress between male and female students. Male students showed significantly less changes in the number of meals, amount of meal intake, number of snacks, snack intake, frequency of overeating, and appetite during stress than female students. Life stress score of students largely came from academic factors, and female students showed higher stress levels in personal and surrounding environment factors than male students. Life stress score was significantly lower in students with high and moderate levels of dietary habits than in students with a low level of dietary habits. Total score for dietary habits and scores for eating adequate amounts of foods for each meal, considering a combination of food groups at each meal and eating green and orange vegetables, were significantly negatively correlated with life stress score. Life stress score was significantly negatively correlated with meal regularity and positively with the level of overeating.
CONCLUSIONS
This study may provide basic information on dietary habits and life stress according to gender and the relationship between dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students, and it suggests gender-based nutrition education programs to solve undesirable dietary habits and dietary behaviors in students with higher stress.

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  • Study on the Eating Out Behavior and the Status of Meal Delivery and Take-Out Consumption according to the Food-related Lifestyles of Adolescents : Using the Consumption Behavior Survey for Food in 2020
    Eun Jung Lee, Hyeon Min Yang, Yeong Ju Lee, Sun A Choi, Jeong Ok Rho
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(4): 284.     CrossRef
  • Life stress, dietary attitudes, and frequency of snack intake for college students in Seoul and Gyeonggi area: the difference between male and female students
    Hyun Seung Oh, Yu bin Kim, Soyoung Park, Kyunghee Song
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(1): 91.     CrossRef
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[English]
Comparison Analysis of Dietary Behavior and Nutrient Intakes of the Elderly according to Their Family Status: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016
Ji Hong Oh, Bok Mi Jung
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(4):309-320.   Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.4.309
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was undertaken to compare dietary life of the elderly living alone and in a family, and to compare differences based on gender, for the 2013-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
METHODS
The subjects included 2,612 elderly people aged over 65 years who participated in the health survey, health examination and nutrition survey. Subjects on a diet therapy were excluded. This study analyzed the general characteristics, dietary habits, daily energy and nutrient intakes, CPF ratio, estimated average requirement (EAR), nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR), index of nutrient quality (INQ), and food consumption of the elderly living alone and in a family. We also compared the differences based on gender.
RESULTS
Daily intake of food, water, dietary fiber, potassium, retinol, and riboflavin were low in the male elderly subjects living alone. The elderly living with family revealed higher NAR and MAR as compared to the elderly living alone. Although all MAR values were <1, the elderly living alone had lower values. Considering the intake of food, the consumption of seaweed, fish and shellfish, and oils (animal) was higher in elderly men living with families, whereas women living with families consumed more vegetables, fruits, seaweeds and seafood, as compared to their counterparts living alone. Furthermore, analyzing the foods consumed by the elderly people living alone, female subjects consumed more seaweed, milk and animal oil as compared to male subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study indicate that the elderly living alone have poor nutrient intake as compared to the elderly living with families. Based on this research data, we recommend that it is necessary to improve the health and nutritional status of the elderly living alone.

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  • Food insecurity and its associated characteristics of the elderly in Seoul: analysis of the data from the Seoul Food Survey 2023
    Hyunjeong Park, Youngmin Nam, Linxi Huang, Youngmi Lee, Jihyun Yoon
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2025; 19(1): 117.     CrossRef
  • Profiling the socioeconomic characteristics, dietary intake, and health status of Korean older adults for nutrition plan customization: a comparison of principal component, factor, and cluster analyses
    Kyungsook Woo, Kirang Kim
    Epidemiology and Health.2024; 46: e2024043.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation on the Nutrition Quotient Scores of Elderly People Living Alone in Korea
    Gyoungok Gang, Min Lee, Eun-hui Choi, Hye-Lim Lee, Hyun-Young Lee, Hye-Ja Chang, Jung-Hwa Choi, Na-Young Yi, Kyung-Eun Lee, Min-Jae Chung, Tong-Kyung Kwak
    Nutrients.2023; 15(17): 3750.     CrossRef
  • Changes in nutritional status of Korean older adults during COVID-19 Pandemic by household income and demographic factors-using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2019-2020): a cross-sectional study
    You-Sin Lee, Yoonna Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(4): 302.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the Nutrient Intake and Health Status of Elderly Koreans According to their BMI Status: Focus on the Underweight Elderly Population
    You-Sin Lee, Yoonna Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(5): 422.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the health and nutritional status of Korean elderly considering the household income level, using the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Jin Mo Khil
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2021; 54(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Social participation, health‐related behavior, and depression of older adults living alone in Korea
    Seojin Won, Hyemee Kim
    Asian Social Work and Policy Review.2020; 14(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the dietary quality and nutritional status of elderly people using the Nutrition Quotient for Elderly (NQ-E) in Seoul
    Sun-Wook Ham, Kyung-Hee Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(1): 68.     CrossRef
  • Health and Nutrition Status of Elderly People with Multimorbidity: A Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013~2015)
    Na-Gyeong Oh, Jung-Sook Seo
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(6): 502.     CrossRef
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[English]
Analysis of Dietary Behaviors, Food Consumption Frequency and Blood Clinical Indices by Residence Types of Female College Students in Seoul
Ru Zi Lee, Jung Hee Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2019;24(3):183-196.   Published online June 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2019.24.3.183
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
College is an important time for students to establish their identity as an independent subjects and develop a foundation to maintain a healthy adulthood. However, after female students become college students, their eating habits are likely to become more irregular and they may experience various health problems because of excessive weight control. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the dietary behaviors and blood clinical indices of female college students by residence types.
METHODS
A total of 374 subjects were classified as home group, self-boarding group or boarding group according to residence type. Dietary habits, frequency of food intake, and eating attitudes were examined through questionnaires and anthropometric measurements and blood clinical indices were analyzed.
RESULTS
The meal most frequently skipped by female college students was breakfast, and the frequency of skipping breakfast was significantly lower in the home group than other groups. Most college students recognized that their eating habits had worsened since becoming college students, with the self-boarding group in particular feeling that their eating habits changed negatively. The consumption frequencies of protein foods, fruits, dairy products, seaweed, and fatty meats were significantly lower in the self-boarding group than other groups. The home group ate food cut into smaller pieces, while the self-boarding group tried new and rich foods. Residence types did not affect blood clinical indices.
CONCLUSIONS
The self-boarding group had inadequate dietary habits compared to the home group. Although residence type did not affect the blood clinical indices, the students still had poor dietary habits. Therefore, proper nutrition education is needed to improve the nutritional status of college students, especially those that self-board.

Citations

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  • Differences in Nutritional Status According to the Residence Types among University Students in Gwangju
    Geum-Bi Ryu, Young-Ran Heo
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2024; 53(2): 207.     CrossRef
  • Usage and Quality Satisfaction of Convenience Food at Convenience Stores according to the Eating Behavior of University Students in Southern Gyeonggi Province
    Se-In Oh, Ok-Sun Kim
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2023; 33(6): 492.     CrossRef
  • Beliefs, self-efficacy, subjective norms, and eating behaviors according to the breakfast frequency among female university students in South Korea
    Hye Jin Kim, Kyung Won Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(6): 1170.     CrossRef
  • A Franchise Hamburger Menu for University Students Determined by Identifying Selection Attributes Using Conjoint Analysis
    Yu-Ni Choi, Sung-Suk Chung, Jeong-Ok Rho
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2022; 32(4): 250.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Usage, Preference, and Satisfaction for Convenience Store Dessert among University Students in Chungbuk Area
    Go Eun Lee, Hye-In Yang, Yun-Jung Bae
    Journal of Biotechnology and Bioindustry.2021; 9: 63.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of consumption behaviors and development needs for the home meal replacement among Chinese college students studying abroad in Korea, Chinese college students in China, and Korean college students in Korea
    Mi Ae Bae, So Hyun Park, Siyao Cheng, Kyung Ja Chang
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2021; 15(6): 747.     CrossRef
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[English]
Comparison of Dietary Behaviors and Blood Clinical Indices in Underweight, Normal Weight, Normal Weight Obese and Obese Female College Students
Su Bin Lee, Jung Hee Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2018;23(5):431-443.   Published online October 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2018.23.5.431
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Normal weight obesity (NWO) is defined as excessive body fat in the context of a normal body mass index (BMI). This condition carries a greater risk of developing noncommunicable chronic disease and has been associated with early inflammation. This study was conducted to compare the anthropometric measurements, eating behaviors, and blood clinical indices among four groups: underweight, normal, normal weight obesity and obesity.
METHODS
The subjects included 215 female college students. A questionnaire was administered regarding general characteristics, dietary behaviors, food consumption frequency. Anthropometric measurements and blood clinical indices were also investigated.
RESULTS
The average BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, fat-free mass, and muscle mass were highest in the obesity group (p < 0.05). Most subjects had tried to lose weight and perceived that their health was worse than before they became college students. The ratio of students in the NWO group who thought their health was very poor was significantly higher than in the other three groups (p < 0.05). The obesity and NWO groups seemed to eat more and their eating speed was significantly faster than the other groups (pv0.001). The consumption frequency of caffeinated beverages was significantly higher in the NWO group than in the other three groups (p < 0.01). WBC was significantly higher in the obesity group (p < 0.05). Serum levels of TG and total cholesterol were also significantly higher in the obesity group (p < 0.05). Serum GPT was significantly higher in the obesity group (p < 0.05) while BUN level was highest in the NWO group (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The obesity group showed the most health problems while the NWO group seemed relatively healthy. However, NWO can lead to problems such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in later life if poor dietary habits are maintained. Therefore, education in appropriate eating habits is needed for these subjects.

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  • A study on the perception of hand washing and health status in Korean adults
    Soohee Park
    Medicine.2021; 100(3): e24421.     CrossRef
  • Gender Differences and Relationships among Lifestyle and Reproductive Health in University Students
    Ju-Hee Nho, Hee Sun Kim
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 446.     CrossRef
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[English]
A Study on Dietary Behavior and Food Preference of Sramanera·Sramanerika Monks in Nationwide Buddhist Monk's Universities
Su Jin Han, Sim Yeol Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(5):387-400.   Published online October 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.5.387
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to find out factors that are needed to be improved for the Buddhist training environment of Sramanera·Sramanerika monks, who have been newly adapted for their life style after becoming a monk, and to provide basic data for the development of the standard diet in Buddhist temples.
METHODS
A self-administered questionnaire was applied to 365 Sramanera·Sramanerika monks at 11 Buddhist monk universities. The questionnaire was designed to investigate their dietary habits, dietary evaluation, satisfaction of food service, and food preferences.
RESULTS
The study population consisted of 52.6% men, and 47.4% women. The subjects who had a vegetarian diet before joining the Buddhist priesthood were 27.7% women, and 13.5% men (p<0.01). 42.2% of the total subjects felt that they are healthy now and 19.4% felt weak. The most difficulty of dieting adaptation as soon as entering the priesthood was the strict diet rules (42.9%). The subjects considered health or nutrition (40.0%) highly when having meals. 94.8% women, 84.1% men ate breakfast every day (p<0.001). Women (55.4%) frequently ate snacks more than men (26.6%) (p<0.001). The results of the dietary evaluation indicated that the intake of milk, soy milk or dairy products and beans or tofu received lower than 3 points and women had lower point result than men (p<0.001). Foods with higher preference were grilled mushrooms, grilled laver, miso stew, sweet and sour mushrooms, steamed tofu with seasoning.
CONCLUSIONS
Women were more interested in their health than men but they also required to improve the nutritional eating habits. It appeared that the lower intake rates of the calcium containing food (milk and dairy), and proteins (beans and tofu) could result in nutritional imbalance. Therefore, it is necessary to offer food based on the standard menu plan with consideration given to their food preferences in order to maintain their health and desirable dietary habits.

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  • Dietary Behavior and Food Preferences of Buddhist Monks in Korean Temples
    Choong-Sun Lim, Sim-Yeol Lee
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2023; 33(4): 331.     CrossRef
  • Vegetarianism as a protective factor for asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Asians: a retrospective cross-sectional and case-control study
    Jihun Bong, Hyoun Woo Kang, Hyeki Cho, Ji Hyung Nam, Dong Kee Jang, Jae Hak Kim, Jun Kyu Lee, Yun Jeong Lim, Moon-Soo Koh, Jin Ho Lee
    Intestinal Research.2020; 18(1): 121.     CrossRef
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[English]
Use of Dietary Supplements and Determinants of Taking Dietary Supplements by Gender in the Korean Population: Using the 4(th) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009)
Yun Jung Lee, Minji Kang, Hee Young Paik, YoonJu Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(4):347-355.   Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.4.347
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Although dietary supplements use in Korea has been rapidly increasing and women are more likely to take dietary supplements more than men, only a few studies have been conducted to investigate factors contributing to gender differences in dietary supplement use in the Korean population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of dietary supplement use and also identify gender-specific key factors that contribute to it using the data of the 4th KNHANES.
METHODS
Subjects were divided into user and non-user groups according to the answer given to the question that asked whether they had used any dietary supplement for more than 2 weeks on a regular basis during the previous year. Factors related to dietary supplement use were examined by general characteristics, health behavior and eating behavior.
RESULTS
Prevalence of dietary supplement use was 13.6% for men and 20.6% for women. Users were more likely to be middle-aged, have higher income and education, have a spouse, or reside in dong areas in both men and women. Regarding health behaviors, men with desirable lifestyle behavior were more likely to take dietary supplements, while men who smoked were less likely to take dietary supplements. Regarding disease history, both men and women with a current disease had higher odds of taking supplements. With regard to dietary behavior, frequent eating out and nutrition attitude were associated with higher odds of taking supplements in both men and in women.
CONCLUSIONS
Health or dietary behavior related factors that were associated with taking supplements differed by gender. These findings can be useful for planning gender-specific dietary education and health programs.

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    Woojin Byeon, Cho-il Kim, Sung Ok Kwon, Jihyun Yoon, Linxi Huang
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2025; 19(5): 799.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Dietary Supplements on Vitamin and Mineral Intake Among Koreans: Data From the 2018-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Moon Yeong Hwang, Jiyoun Hong
    Food Supplements and Biomaterials for Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Radiana Staynova, Vesselina Yanachkova
    Pharmacia.2023; 70(4): 1119.     CrossRef
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    Jinkyung Choi
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(6): 468.     CrossRef
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    Kevser TARI SELÇUK, Nursel ŞAHİN
    Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2021; 15(4): 751.     CrossRef
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    Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan, Arezoo Rezazadeh, Farahnaz Joukar, Yasaman Khorshidi, Mohammadreza Naghipour, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
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  • Evaluation of Nutritional Status of Vitamins and Minerals According to Consumption of Dietary Supplements in Korean Adults and the Elderly: Report Based on 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
    Ji-Myung Kim
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    Yunhwa Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(2): 112.     CrossRef
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[English]
Relationship among Life Stress, Dietary Behaviors and High-fat Snack Intake in High School Students in Gyeonggi Area
Seorin Doo, Youngmi Lee, Haeryun Park, Kyunghee Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(4):289-297.   Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.4.289
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Stress during adolescence is related to undesirable nutritional intake and negatively affects the growth and development. This study was performed to investigate the relationship among life stress, dietary behaviors and the intake of high-fat containing snacks in male and female high school students in Gyeonggi-do area.
METHODS
The subjects were 700 high school students (350 males, 350 females) in Gyeonggi-do from July to September 2014 and the survey was performed by using questionnaire that included general characteristics, dietary behaviors, high-fat containing snacks intake, and daily life stress.
RESULTS
There was a gender difference in health-related life style and dietary behaviors, and the life stress was significantly higher in female students than in male students. For health-related life style, exercise frequency, hours of sleep and conversation time with parents had significantly negative correlations with life stress, while smoking and perceived stress had significantly positive correlations with life stress. For dietary behaviors, the frequency of eating-out had a significantly negative correlation with life stress, while the changes in amount of meal intake under stress had a significantly positive correlation with life stress. The fat intake of ‘high-stress group’ was significantly higher and high-fat containing snacks consumed by this group consisted of cookies, honey bread and fried foods.
CONCLUSIONS
It is necessary to develop appropriate programs for the emotional stability and stress relief of adolescents that provide continuous nutrition education focused on proper snack intake, desirable dietary behaviors and nutritional aspects.

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    Seung-Hee Hong
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(2): 156.     CrossRef
  • Study on the relationship between dietary habits and the quality of life of some high school students in Seoul based on the nutrition quotient for adolescents (NQ-A)
    Ho-Jung Kim, Jung-Sug Lee, Yookyung Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2024; 57(3): 320.     CrossRef
  • Life stress, dietary attitudes, and frequency of snack intake for college students in Seoul and Gyeonggi area: the difference between male and female students
    Hyun Seung Oh, Yu bin Kim, Soyoung Park, Kyunghee Song
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(1): 91.     CrossRef
  • Actual Status of Mukbang Viewing and Food Habits of University Students in Wonju Area
    Seung-Lim Lee, Sun Hee Lee
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2022; 33(4): 631.     CrossRef
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    Yun-Jung Bae, Kyoung-A Choi, Yu-Mi Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2022; 32(4): 263.     CrossRef
  • A Comparative Study of the Dietary Behavior of Adults Aged 20 and Over according to theMukbangViewing Time
    Ha-Yan Nam, Bok-Mi Jung
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(2): 93.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Dietary Habits, Life Stress and Nutrition Knowledge of High School Students in Gyeonggi Area
    Kyung Ae Park, Hongmie Lee, Kyunghee Song
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(2): 126.     CrossRef
  • Association between Stress and Nutritional status of High School Students in Chungbuk using Nutrition Quotient for Korean Adolescents
    In Young Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(5): 361.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Dietary Behaviors and Life Stress of Middle School Students in Gyeonggi Area
    Kyung Ae Park, Myoung Sook Lee, Kyung Hee Song
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[English]
Lifestyle, Dietary Behavior and Snack Preference of Upper-grade Elementary School Students in Cheongju according to the Usage Time of Smartphones
Hayeon Kim, Munkyong Pae
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(1):40-52.   Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.1.40
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to examine the length of exposure to smartphone and its association with dietary behavior toward snacks, lifestyle, and nutrition knowledge in elementary school students.
METHODS
Subjects were 372 5th and 6th grade schoolchildren in Cheongju, Korea, and data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. They were divided into two groups by the time spent using smartphone: moderate (< 2 hours/day) and overexposure (≥ 2 hours/day). Data was analyzed using frequency analysis, χ²-test, and independent t-test as well as analysis of covariance when necessary.
RESULTS
Approximately half of subjects (41.4%) reported spending ≥ 2 hours/day using smartphone. That habit was more frequent among students in the 6th grade, those who received more monthly allowance, and who has a working mother. 63.4% of the subjects reported that they consumed snacks while watching television, using a computer and/or a smartphone and 48.1% said that they consumed snacks while they use a smartphone. Both situations were most prevalent among those with overexposure to smartphone (≥ 2 hours/day). We also observed that a higher percentage of subjects from the overexposure group spent more money on snack foods with the preference for ice cream, fast food, and carbonated drinks. Further, those in the overexposure group consumed more ice cream, cookies, and carbonated drinks. In addition, they had less desirable dietary behavior and health-related lifestyle (sleep duration and frequency of regular exercise) compared to those with moderate smartphone usage (< 2 hours/day). However, there was no statistical difference in nutrition knowledge among children with different degrees of smartphone usage.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that longer smartphone use was associated with less desirable snack preference/consumption and other dietary behavior in elementary school students. Thus interest and positive attitudes towards healthy snacks and diet should be reinforced in nutrition education programs, especially for those who are prone to use smartphones.

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    Aliye Kuyumcu, Müberra Yıldız, Kadriye Toprak
    Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory.2025; 16(2): 349.     CrossRef
  • The impact of maladaptive perfectionism on college students' bedtime procrastination: The chain mediating effects of nomophobia and physical exercise
    Yong Jiang, Chuanyang Jiang
    Acta Psychologica.2025; 260: 105504.     CrossRef
  • The relationship between smartphone usage and eating behavior for elementary school students in Gangneung, South Korea: cross-sectional study
    Minji Kim, Meera Jang
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2024; 29(4): 278.     CrossRef
  • Screen time, mealtime media use, and dietary behaviors in Korean preschoolers: a cross-sectional study
    Young-Hee Han, Saerom Shin, Eun Yeol Woo, Hye-Kyung Park, Taisun Hyun
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(3): 206.     CrossRef
  • Comparing the Mediating Effect of Adolescent Lifestyle Profiles on the Relationship between Smartphone Addiction and Health-related Quality of Life Among Male and Female Senior High School Students in the Philippines
    Danilo B. Buctot, Nami Kim, Sun Hee Kim
    International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction.2023; 21(1): 511.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Smartphone and Internet Gaming Addiction on Eating Attitudes Among University Students
    Bahar Yeşil Örnek, İbrahim Gündoğmuş
    Psychiatry Investigation.2022; 19(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • The role of nomophobia and smartphone addiction in the lifestyle profiles of junior and senior high school students in the Philippines
    Danilo B. Buctot, Nami Kim, Sun Hee Kim
    Social Sciences & Humanities Open.2020; 2(1): 100035.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between the Intake of Children's Favorite Foods and Policy based on Special Act on Safety Control of Children's Dietary Life
    Taejung Woo, Jihye Yoo, Kyung-Hea Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2019; 24(2): 106.     CrossRef
  • Health Behavior Factors Associated with Sugar-sweetened Beverage Intake among Adolescents
    Hyae Min Gu, Jong Park, So Yeon Ryu
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(3): 193.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Weight Control Behaviour, Eating Habits and Health-related Life Habits According to Obesity Degree of University Students in Jeonbuk
    Hye-Soon Chang
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    Eun-Ha Jeong, Hong-Chan Lee, Jung-Eun Yim
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  • A Study of Nutrient Intakes, Blood Lipids and Bone Mineral Density according to Obesity Degree by Percentage of Body Fat and Age between Male and Female Teacher in Jeonbuk Province, Korea
    Hye-Soon Chang
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    Jee-Young Yeon, Eun-Young Kim
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Mother's Parenting Style at Meal Time and Their Preschooler's Dietary Behavior
Soyeon Park, Youngmee Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2017;22(1):13-21.   Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.1.13
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrition quotient (NQ) by mother's parenting style which may influence the NQ in preschool children.
METHODS
Subjects were 310 mothers and their 4-6 year old children. The questionnaire composed of demographic characteristics, mother's parenting style at meal time and eating behavior as measured by NQ questions. The NQ questions consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items and all items were grouped into 5 factors: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. Mother's parenting style was classified by using words for nutrition education at meal time. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS program (Ver. 23) and the statistical differences in variables were evaluated by Student's t-test, χ²-test, One-way ANOVA.
RESULTS
We observed that in children whose mothers use the parenting style at meal time of ‘explanation’ and ‘compliment & cheer up’ had high dietary regularity, diversity, practice. The children of mothers who use the parenting style at meal time of ‘persuasion’ and ‘reward’ were found to have a lower degree of balance, diversity, and practice. Especially, children of ‘reward’ style mothers had lower moderation of dietary life. On the other hand, among the parenting style at meal time of ‘comparison & demand’, ‘treating’ and ‘faire’, there was no significant difference in the NQ factor by each group. NQ grade was higher among those who used more explanation (p < 0.001) and persuasion (p < 0.01) and with use of less persuasion (p < 0.01) and reward (p < 0.01). The positive association observed between the frequency of dietary education of mothers and higher NQ grade indicated the degree of dietary practices of those children. On the other hand, the children of mothers who rarely practice the dietary education at home had lower NQ grade (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
In order to promote children's proper dietary behaviors, it is important to provide nutrition education to children as well as provide guidance on parenting style at meal time.

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  • Designing Interactive Edutech Content to Improve Young Children’s Eating Habits: Focusing on AR Glasses and IoT Chopsticks
    Juhyeon Jeon, Dhahye Shin, Yujin Joung, Yoon Ju Cho
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  • Association between Picky Eating Behavior, Growth, and Dietary Practices in Preschool Children
    Jisun Kim, Sukyoung Kang, Seunghee Kye
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Study on Recognition and Consumption Behavior of Quality-Certified Children's Preferred Foods of Nursery Directors and Parents in Jecheon Area
    Sung Hee Min
    Korean Journal of Food & Cookery Science.2017; 33(3): 353.     CrossRef
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[English]
Factors Affecting the Frequency of Skipping Meals of Prime-Aged Mothers with Children : Data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010-2011
Mi Yeon Park, Pil Sook Park
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(5):451-462.   Published online October 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.5.451
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was designed with the goal of understanding the factors affecting the frequency of skipping meals of prime-aged mothers with children as well as their nutritional status.
METHODS
Utilizing data from the 2010-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey, the frequency of skipping meals of mothers aged between 30 to 49 years with children aged between 3 to 11 years during a two day period was statistically analyzed. The number of meals skipped calculated and categorized into skipping no meals, skipping one meal, skipping two meals or more.
RESULTS
Compared to subjects who corresponded to mean nutrient adequacy ratio(MAR) of 4 quartile, subjects who corresponded to MAR of 2 quartile had 2.766 (95% CI: 1.552-4.931) probability of being in the 1 meal skippers group, while the probability of being in the more than 2 meals skippers group was 2.743(95% CI: 1.353-5.564). Also, compared to subjects who corresponded to MAR of 4 quartile, subjects who corresponded to MAR of 1 quartile had 3.471 (95% CI: 1.871-6.442) probability of being in the 1 meal skippers group, while the odds ratio for being in the more than 2 meals skippers group was 5.258(95% CI: 2.642-10.466).
CONCLUSIONS
The results have the advantage of being generalized because the study selected subjects from probability sampling of the female population of Korea. The research results showed that the elements influencing skipping meals of prime-aged mothers with children were mean nutrient adequacy ratio and the number of nutrients, under estimated average requirement intake, and others. Therefore, to encourage dietary behaviors in the right direction, an integrated approach that considers the associated factors must be realized. Future studies are needed to understand how the frequency of skipping meals of mothers affects their children.

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  • Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status of Children and Adolescent According to the Meal Frequency: The 7th (2016–2018) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Yonghoon Ji, Junhee Park, Jun-Hyun Yoo
    Korean Journal of Family Practice.2022; 12(3): 158.     CrossRef
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[English]
Status of Dietary Life Related Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, Food Preference and Dietary Behavior of Preschoolers in Kyunggi Area
A Reum Lee, Ye Lee Yu, Hye Jin Kim, Kyung A Kim, Kyung Won Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(3):274-283.   Published online June 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.3.274
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to examine dietary life characteristics such as knowledge, self-efficacy and dietary behavior of preschoolers in Namyangju, Kyunggi-province, Korea.
METHODS
The survey questionnaire was developed based on literature review. Preschoolers aged 4-5 years (n=208) responded to the questionnaire to measure knowledge, self-efficacy, food preference, and dietary behavior. After excluding incomplete responses, the data of 197 subjects were used for analysis.
RESULTS
Mean score of dietary life knowledge was 8.0 out of 12, showing a low level of knowledge. Two out of 12 knowledge items were significantly different by gender. Percentage of correct answer on items of 'foods to make bones strong' and 'kinds of fast foods' was higher in girls than in boys (p<0.05). Total score of self-efficacy regarding dietary life was 40.1 (possible score: 12~48), on average. Compared to girls, boys had more confidence in 'not over-eating', and 'eating balanced meals with meat, fish and vegetables' (p<0.05). Boys scored higher on total score of food preference than girls (p<0.01). The preference for fruits was quite high. Among food items, boys scored higher on the preference for rice (p<0.01), fish (p<0.01), pork (p<0.05), beef (p<0.05), milk (p<0.01), and ice cream (p<0.05) than girls. Boys also liked fast foods more than girls did, showing preference for chicken (p<0.01) and soda (p<0.05). Compared to girls, boys showed more desirable behavior in 'eating breakfast everyday' (p<0.01). Dietary behavior was significantly correlated with self-efficacy (r=0.52, p<0.01), food preference (r=0.35, p<0.01), and knowledge (r=0.25, p<0.01) of subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we observed differences in food preference by gender. Dietary behavior of preschoolers was correlated with several factors, including dietary life related knowledge, self-efficacy and food preference. Thus, it is needed to develop nutrition education programs focusing on increasing dietary life related knowledge and self-efficacy, and consider the differences in food preference of preschoolers by gender.

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  • Dietary intake and nutritional status of Korean children and adolescents: a review of national survey data
    Minji Kang, So Yoon Choi, Minyoung Jung
    Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2021; 64(9): 443.     CrossRef
  • Study on the snack meal management for infants and toddlers and the demand for snack products according to the sustainable dietary style of mothers in Jeonbuk area
    Ji-Eun Lee, Jeong-Ok Rho
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Development of nutrition quotient for elementary school children to evaluate dietary quality and eating behaviors
    Jung-Sug Lee, Ji-Yun Hwang, Sehyug Kwon, Hae-Rang Chung, Tong-Kyung Kwak, Myung-Hee Kang, Young-Sun Choi, Hye-Young Kim
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2020; 53(6): 629.     CrossRef
  • Menu Recommendation System Using Smart Plates for Well-balanced Diet Habits of Young Children
    Kwon Namgung, Tae-Hwan Kim, Youn-Sik Hong
    Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef
  • A Comparative Study of Eating Behavior and Prosocial Behavior among Preschool Children in Kindergartens vs. Childcare Centers
    So-Sun Sun, Ji-Young Ha, So Jung Seo
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2019; 29(2): 130.     CrossRef
  • Fruit and vegetable intakes in relation to behavioral outcomes associated with a nutrition education intervention in preschoolers
    Eun Byul Choi, Ji Eun Lee, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2018; 12(6): 521.     CrossRef
  • Dietary status of young children in Korea based on the data of 2013 ~ 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Eun-kyung Kim, Byengchun Song, Se-Young Ju
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2018; 51(4): 330.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Dietary Behavior among Preschooler in Jecheon Area Using Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers
    Sung Hee Min
    Korean Journal of Food and Cookery Science.2018; 34(4): 413.     CrossRef
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[English]
Correlations Among Threshold and Assessment for Salty Taste and High-salt Dietary Behavior by Age
Lin Jiang, Yun Young Jung, Yeon Kyung Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(1):75-83.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.1.75
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to analyze correlation thresholds and assessment for salty taste and high-salt dietary behaviors by age.
METHODS
A total of 524 subjects including 100 each of elementary school students, middle school students, college students, and elderly as well as 124 adults were surveyed for detection and recognition thresholds, salty taste assessments, and high-salt dietary behaviors.
RESULTS
Elementary students had a lower detection threshold (p<0.05) and recognition threshold (p<0.01) than did the other groups. Salty taste assessments were lowest among elementary students, followed by middle school students, while college students, adults, and elderly had higher assessment score (p<0.001). Elementary students had significantly lower scores for high-salt dietary behavior than did middle school students, college students, adults and elderly (p<0.001). Middle school students had higher scores for high-salt dietary behavior than did elementary school students and elderly (p<0.001) but no meaningful difference was found in dietary behavior scores between college students, adults, and elderly. There were positive correlations between high-salt dietary behavior and detection thresholds (p<0.001), recognition thresholds (p<0.001), and salty taste assessment (p<0.001). High-salt dietary behavior was more positively correlated with salty taste assessment than detection and recognition thresholds for salty taste.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggested that salty taste assessments were positively associated with scores for the detection and recognition thresholds and high-salt dietary behavior.

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  • Detection and Recognition Thresholds for Basic Tastes among Koreans
    Yu Jin Lee, Seyeong Park, Gyeonghye Yoon, Han Sub Kwak
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    Ji-U Jin, Mi-Sook Cho, Ji-Eun Oh
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2022; 51(6): 561.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Taste Preferences, Eating Behaviors, and Dietary Habits according to Age of the Elderly in Chungcheong-do
    Eun-Sun Park, Mi-Kyeong Choi
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2019; 29(2): 139.     CrossRef
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    Frontiers in Physiology.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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[English]
Dietary Behavior of Marriage Migrant Women according to Their Nationality in Multicultural Families
Jung Hyun Kim, Myung Hee Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(1):53-64.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.1.53
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Nowadays, the multicultural families make up significant portion of Korean population and communities. Successful re-settling in a new country can be difficult, particularly when there are disparities in dietary behavior compared to home country. The objective of the study was to investigate the dietary behavior of marriage migrant women according to their nationality in multicultural families.
METHODS
The primary research was conducted targeting 94 marriage migrant women who came from China (40.4%), Vietnam (26.6%), and other countries except for Japan (33.0%). We investigated their dietary behavior, such as eating attitude and food choice behavior for Korea acculturation. We also studied dietary behavior among 14 selected subjects who had high level of integration and assimilation acculturation patterns by administering the Focus Group Interview (FGI).
RESULTS
The multicultural families had more integration acculturation patterns, which could have been influenced by their nationality. Vietnamese origin has the highest cultural adaptation as marginalization pattern. The common types of Korea acculturation were integration (3.03 +/- 1.08), separation (3.10 +/- 0.59), marginalization (3.10 +/- 0.58), followed by assimilation (2.84 +/- 0.51). There were significant differences in the four types of acculturation by marriage immigrant women's country of origin (p<0.05). According to dietary behavior, 'eliminating hunger' was the most important value in a meal. Chinese marriage migrant women, who had higher level of food intake attitude significantly, also considered 'being healthy' an important value. Regarding food choice behavior, Vietnamese had lowest frequency of homeland food intake. Most of marriage immigrant women were satisfied with the Korean food, and need for education was very high with interest for cooking, good nutrition, and managing their children's dietary life.
CONCLUSIONS
Coping with a change in dietary behavior is one of the biggest transitional difficulties, and family members may need support to find their familiar food items and to continue their cultural food choice behavior in the local areas. Further researches with quantitative and qualitative analysis are needed to understand the effect of dietary behavior for acculturation in multicultural families.

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    Nguyen Duy Quynh, Nguyen Nghi Thanh
    Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review.2025; 5(2): e03215.     CrossRef
  • Development and Application of Customized Nutrition Education Content Using Personas for Married Immigrant Women: Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Social Cognitive Theory
    Sil-Ah Kim, Min-Ah Kim, Seung-Ah Kim, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2025; 54(7): 614.     CrossRef
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    Ulya Ardina, Su-In Yoon, Jin Ah Cho
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    Sung-Min Yook, Ji-Yun Hwang
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2023; 56(3): 264.     CrossRef
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    Soon-Mi Cheon
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(1): 15.     CrossRef
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    Diana Iziiatullina, Jinyeon Shin, Aygul Akhmetova, Soojin Park
    Journal of Multimedia Information System.2022; 9(4): 327.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Korean Dietary Life Adaptation of Married Female Immigrants
    Jeong-Sook Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2017; 22(2): 103.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the Culturally Sensitive Education of Perinatal Care on Knowledge, Skills, and Self-Efficacy among Korean Husbands and Vietnamese Wives
    Youngmee Kim, Kap-Chul Cho
    Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(4): 515.     CrossRef
  • Qualitative Consumer Preference Studies on Korean-style Kimchi in Chinese Living in Korea
    Mi-Ai Lee, Yun-Jeong Choi, Mina K. Kim
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2017; 27(2): 185.     CrossRef
  • Food intake and nutritional status of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea
    Eun Ju Yang, Jin Mo Khil
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(5): 358.     CrossRef
  • Dietary behaviors of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea
    Eun Ju Yang
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(3): 179.     CrossRef
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A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
Mi Hyun Kim, Jee Young Yeon, Jong Wook Kim, Jae Eon Byun, So Young Bu, Mi Kyeong Choi, Yun Jung Bae
Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(5):327-337.   Published online October 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.5.327
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Dietary life is closely associated with dietary attitude and diet-related knowledge. Particularly, dietary habit such as sodium intake can be affected by various dietary behaviors such as food choices, dietary attitude toward salty food and a preference for salty taste. The purpose of this study was to assess sodium-related nutrition knowledge and to identify sodium-related attitude and behaviors according to the level of sodium-related knowledge of university students.
METHODS
Anthropometric measurements were provided by 408 students who participated in this study. The study participants answered questionnaires to provide information on general dietary behaviors, sodium-related dietary attitude and other behavioral factors. A total score of nutrition knowledge was used to categorize study participants in to two groups, namely, low level in sodium-related knowledge (LNaK) or high level in sodium-related knowledge (HNaK) and the attitude and the behaviors of students toward sodium intake were compared between these two groups.
RESULTS
The ratio of female students in HNaK group was higher than that in the LNaK group. HNaK group had a higher score in checking nutrition label of processed food than the LNaK group. Total score of sodium-related attitude and behaviors of HNaK group were 34.81 and 32.75, respectively and these scores were significantly higher than that of the LNaK group whose scores were 32.57 and 30.57, respectively. Total energy intake was not different between two groups but the intakes of calcium, vitamin B2 and folate were higher in HNaK group than in the LNaK group. Correlation analysis adjusted for age and gender revealed that total score of sodium-related nutrition knowledge was positively correlated with total score of sodium-related attitude and behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, students who had high level of sodium-related nutrition knowledge had desirable attitude and behaviors toward sodium intake and these results can be considered in nutrition education for university students.

Citations

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  • Maternal nutrition intervention focused on the adjustment of salt and sugar intake can improve pregnancy outcomes
    Yuri Seo, Yeon Seon Jeong, Kyung‐A Koo, Jeong In Yang, Yoo Kyoung Park
    Food Science & Nutrition.2020; 8(7): 3900.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Protection Motivation Factors on Behavioral Intention to Reduce Sodium Intake among University Students in Gyeongnam and Busan
    Soo-Hyun Jang, Eunju Yoon
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2016; 29(1): 104.     CrossRef
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[English]
A Comparison of Salty Taste Assessment, Dietary Attitude and Dietary Behavior among Adult and Senior Women by Region and by Age in Korea
Lin Jiang, Yun Young Jung, Hyung Sook Kim, Gi Seon Nam, Jin Sook Yun, Jong Wook Kim, Yeon Kyung Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2015;20(2):109-119.   Published online April 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.2.109
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the results of salty taste assessment, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors among adult and senior women by region and by age. The results generated from this was expected to provide fundamental data for implementing a nationwide salt reduction education program.
METHODS
The salty taste assessment tool was applied to 4,064 subjects from 15 areas in Korea. Also, a survey of dietary attitude and dietary behavior related to salt intake was conducted for all subjects participated in this study.
RESULTS
The salty taste assessment scores by region and by age were the lowest in capital (p < 0.01) and was highest among the 70+ year age group (p < 0.01). The dietary attitude scores and dietary behavior scores showed that Gyeongsang was the highest (p < 0.001) and the capital was the lowest. The dietary attitude scores were highest at 20&30's followed by 40's and 70's group (p < 0.001). Dietary behavior scores showed that 20's~30's and 40's groups were higher than the other age groups (p < 0.001). The score of 'I like kimchi' was 3.46 +/- 0.88, which was the highest among 10 dietary behavior questions. The score of 'I eat a lot of kimchi' was 3.30 +/- 0.90, which was the highest among 10 dietary behavior questions related to salt intake. The scores of salty taste assessment had significant positive correlations between the scores of dietary attitude (p < 0.001), dietary behavior (p < 0.001) and self-awareness (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results of salty taste assessment, we observed a tendency that older people and regions except the capital had higher preference for salty taste. Our results suggested the necessity for a nationwide salty reduction education program tailored for regions and for different age groups.

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  • Food and dish group diversity on menus of daycare centers provided by Center for Children’s Foodservice Management in Korea: a descriptive study
    Youn-Rok Kang, Kyeong-Sook Lim, Hyung-Sook Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2023; 28(6): 449.     CrossRef
  • A Study on the Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Sodium among the Clients of the General Medical Examination Center
    Mi-Jung Yun, Young-Mi Kim
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2018; 28(6): 404.     CrossRef
  • Correlations Among Threshold and Assessment for Salty Taste and High-salt Dietary Behavior by Age
    Lin Jiang, Yun-Young Jung, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(1): 75.     CrossRef
  • Nutrition Knowledge, Dietary Attitude, and Dietary Behavior Related to Salt According to the Dietary Lifestyle Groups
    Hei-Ryeo Yoon, Nam-E Kang, Juhyeon Kim
    Korean Journal of Food & Cookery Science.2016; 32(3): 333.     CrossRef
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A Study on Dietary Behaviors, Health-Related Lifestyle of Adult Visitors at Public Health Centers in Gyeonggi Urban Area
Jong Sook Kwon, Kyungmin Kim, Hyun Chang Seo, Yoonna Lee, Seunggeon Lim, Young Sug Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(6):611-625.   Published online December 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.6.611
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyles of adult visitors at a public health center in Gyeonggi urban area. A survey using questionnaire was conducted with 949 visitors at Seongnam public health centers from June to August, 2012. The data from 905 respondents were analyzed by gender, consisting of 322 males and 583 females, and age group, consisting of 243 low-age group (LA), 312 middle-age group (MA), 350 high-age group (HA), aged 20 to 30 years, 31 to 50 years, and 51 to 69 years, respectively. Average Body Mass Index was 23.0, which increased with age, and education level was high in LA. 59.0 percent of the subjects had various diseases, and the incidence of hypertension was the highest, followed by allergy, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, joint rheumatism. Incidence rates of chronic disease increased with age, which were lower than those from 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Weekly drinking frequency rate and smoking rate decreased with age, and exercise performing rate was high at male and HA, which showed the same tendency as KNHANES. Female and HA showed more healthy dietary behaviors such as restricting salt, sugar, oily foods, foods containing food additives, calorie, caring for balanced diet, and referring to nutrition label. Subjects chose stress as the first factor, followed by diet, exercise, etc., among 13 suggested factors which strongly influence on human's life-span. In general, public health center visitors, especially female and HA, showed better dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyles compared with KNHANES.

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  • Dietary Safety Management Awareness and Competency for Healthcare among Adults in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Areas
    Yunhwa Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2020; 25(2): 112.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with the dietary quality and nutrition status using the Nutrition Quotient for adults focusing on workers in the manufacturing industry
    Ji Suk Yim, Young Ran Heo
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Comparison of Salty Taste Assessment and High-Salt Dietary Behaviors among University Students and Chinese Students in Daegu, South Korea and University Students in Shenyang, China
Lin Jiang, Yeon Kyung Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(6):555-564.   Published online December 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.6.555
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the assessment of salty taste and high-salt dietary behaviors of Korean university students and their Chinese counterparts. The researchers developed a taste assessment computer program focusing on preference for salty taste, and it was applied to 300 university students, including 100 Korean students, and 100 Chinese students in Daegu of South Korea, and 100 Chinese students in Shenyang of China (144 males and 156 females). The results of the taste assessment of Chinese and Korean university students are as follows. Among males, Koreans (36.0%), Chinese students in Korea (36.2%), and Chinese (40.4%) scored highest in the "a bit salty" followed by "normal." Among females, Koreans (36.0%), Chinese students in Korea (49.1%), and Chinese (28.3%) scored highest in the "normal". In terms of salt concentration in solution, among the male subjects, most Koreans favored the salt concentration of 0.31%, which is considered to be a "normal" concentration; most Chinese students in Korea favored 0.63%, which is considered to be "a bit salty", and most Chinese favored the concentration of 1.25%, which is considered to be "salty". As for the female subjects, Koreans, Chinese students studying abroad, and Chinese favored 0.31%, the "normal" level of concentration. Korean students scored higher than Chinese students in Korea and Chinese students both in males and females (p < 0.001, p < 0.01), in terms of high-salt dietary behaviors favored salty taste. This study suggests that Chinese university students need nutrition education in terms of modifying eating behaviors to reduce dietary salt intake.

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  • Comparison of Sodium-Related Dietary Behavior and Low-Salt Dietary Attitude Based on the Gender and Salty Taste Assessment of Chinese International Students in the Jeonbuk Area
    Qi Li, Ji Eun Lee, Jeong Ok Rho
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2021; 31(2): 91.     CrossRef
  • Comparison Study of Dietary Behavior, Nutrition Knowledge, and Body Weight Perception of Female High School Students in Jeonju, Korea and Jinan, China
    Eun-Jung Joo, Eun-Sook Park
    Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2016; 25(1): 121.     CrossRef
  • Correlations Among Threshold and Assessment for Salty Taste and High-salt Dietary Behavior by Age
    Lin Jiang, Yun-Young Jung, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(1): 75.     CrossRef
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Food Habits and Dietary Behavior Related to Using Processed Food among Male College Students Residing in Dormitory and Self-boarding in Gangwon
Mi Hyun Kim, Hyun Kim, Woo Keun Lee, Soon Joo Kim, Jee Young Yeon
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(4):372-385.   Published online August 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.372
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to examine food habits and dietary behavior related to using processed food among male college students residing in dormitory and self-boarding in Gangwon. A total of 344 students (dormitory group: 227, self-boarding group: 117) were surveyed from May to June of 2012. The results are summarized as follows: self-boarding group had a significantly higher frequency of skipping breakfast and lunch and frequency of out meal compared with the dormitory group (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.05 respectively). The self-boarding group had a significantly lower the score of 'eat vegetables and Kimchi at every meal' (p < 0.001) and 'eat a variety of food everyday' (p < 0.001) compared with the dormitory group. The self-boarding group had a significantly higher the preference for meat products (p < 0.05) and canned food (p < 0.01) for selecting processed food compared with the dormitory group. The consideration for selecting processed food was ranked by 'taste', 'price', 'expiration', 'appearance' and 'nutrition' in both dormitory and the self-boarding group. In the dormitory group, nutrition labels were identified certainly 2.6%, sometimes 12.8%, and rarely 17.2%. In the self-boarding group, nutrition labels were identified certainly 1.7%, sometimes 18.0%, and rarely 24.8%. The necessity of nutrition education was high in both dormitory group (51.6%) and the self-boarding group (62.4%). Therefore, development of an educational program and application of the information from nutrition labels for male college students, especially self-boarding students will be effective in improving dietary life in order to maintain healthy dietary habits.

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Survey on Dietary Behaviors and Intakes of Instant Noodle (Ramyeon) Soup among College Students
Hyung Sook Kim, Eun Young Lee, Kyungmin Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Jinwon Pyun, Sang Jin Chung, Young Hye Kwon, Ikhyun Yeo, Sangyun Lee, Kisun Nam
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(4):365-371.   Published online August 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.365
AbstractAbstract PDF
High intakes of sodium may increase the risk of hypertension or cardiovascular diseases. According to the 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey, the average intake of sodium was 4,878 mg/day with salt, kimchi, soy sauce, fermented soybean paste and Ramyeon being the five main sources of sodium. In order to identify solutions to reduce the intake of sodium, we investigated the intake patterns and eating behaviors of Ramyeon among 347 college students (male 146, female 201) using survey questionnaires. The average age of study subjects was 23.7 years for males and 20.5 years for females. The average Body Mass Index (kg/m2) was 21.9 for males and 20.1 for females. The average frequency of Ramyeon intake was 2.0 times/week. The main reason for eating Ramyeon was convenience (56%), followed by good taste (27%), low price (11%) and other reasons (9%). The criteria for choosing Ramyeon were taste (72%), convenience (14%), price (7%), nutrition (1%), and the other factors (2%). Males' average intake of Ramyeon soup (61%) was higher than that of the females (36%). The estimated intake of Ramyeon soup by survey showed a positive correlation with the measured intake of Ramyeon soup. Sodium contents of Ramyeon were measured separately for the noodles and the soup, which were 1,185 mg/serving and 1,148 mg/serving each. Therefore, the amount of sodium intake can be reduced if students eat less Ramyeon soup. Also, we observed that dietary behaviors and soup intakes of Ramyeon between the sexes were different. Appropriate nutritional education for proper eating habits may help decrease the intake of sodium.

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Comparison of Serum Adiponectin Levels According to Body Mass Index and Dietary Behaviors of Female University Students in Seoul
Mi Joung Kim, Hyun Young Jun, Hye Bog Rha
Korean J Community Nutr 2013;18(4):354-364.   Published online August 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.354
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to determine whether dietary factors could be related with serum adiponectin concentrations in 243, year-three female university students living in Seoul. The mean of body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin levels of all subjects were 20.17 kg/m2 and 11.07 microg/ml, respectively. When the subjects were divided into 3 groups based on BMI (underweight: < 18.5, normal: 18.5 < or = < 23, overweight and obesity: > or = 23), serum adiponectin levels in underweight group was significantly higher than that in 'normal' or 'overweight and 'obesity' groups. Also when the subjects were divided into two groups by mean adequacy ratio (MAR), serum adiponectin concentration of the high MAR group (MAR > 75) was slightly higher than that the low MAR group (MAR < or = 75). Serum adiponectin levels showed a negative correlation with body weight (p < 0.01) or BMI (p < 0.001) and a positive correlation with intakes of of animal or total protein (please clarify) or vegetable protein.Among the dietary behaviors, serum adiponectin levels of females who answered 'yes' to the question about 'eating breakfast' was significantly higher than that of those who answered 'sometimes' or 'No' (p < 0.05) and serum adiponectin levels were higher among those who reported higher fruit intakes. Overall, our results suggested that healthy lifestyle including acceptable BMI, eating breakfast and higher fruit consumption might play an important role in the prevention of obesity and enhancement of blood adiponectin levels.

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  • Comparison of nutritional status between adults with and without disabilities: a population-based cross-sectional study in South Korea
    Jong Eun Park, Tae Hui Jang, So Young Kim, Jong Hyock Park
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2025; 19(6): 967.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Food Habits and Nutrient Intakes according to BMI in Food and Nutrition Major and Non-major Female Students in Kyungnam University
    Eun-Hee Seo
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(4): 297.     CrossRef
  • Relationships among Serum Adiponectin, Leptin and Vitamin D Concentrations and the Metabolic Syndrome in Farmers
    Seo-Eun Yeon, Hee-Ryoung Son, Jung-Sook Choi, Eun-Kyung Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(1): 12.     CrossRef
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The Effect of Sodium Reduction Education Program of a Public Health Center on the Blood Pressure, Blood Biochemical Profile and Sodium Intake of Hypertensive Adults
Eun Jin Jung, Sook Mee Son, Jong Sook Kwon
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(6):752-771.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.752
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sodium reduction education program of a public health center on the blood pressure, blood biochemical profile and sodium intake of hypertensive adults. The program continued for 16 weeks with an 8-week nutrition education and an 8-week follow-up to forty two subjects, 6 males and 36 females aged 46 to 80 years. Subjects received nutrition education including lectures, activities, cooking classes and nutrition counseling. Physical fitness, management of stress, and nutrition counseling were provided during the follow-up. The program was evaluated three times, before and after the nutrition education, and after the follow-up. Systolic blood pressure (p < 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001) were decreased after completion of the program. Body weight (p < 0.005), percent body fat (p < 0.005) and body mass index (p < 0.001) were decreased, too. There were no significant differences in blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, while elevated levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) appeared after the program completion. Decreased intakes of vitamin A (p < 0.05), beta-carotene (p < 0.001) and sodium (p < 0.001) were observed. Consumption frequency of noodles, soups, stews, kimchi, fishes/shellfish, seasoned vegetables, and salted seafoods/pickles (p < 0.05~p < 0.001) were decreased, while that of all food groups were not changed during the follow-up. Total score of nutrition knowledge related to sodium intake and hypertension (p < 0.001), and that of dietary behavior associated with high sodium intakes were changed positively (p < 0.001) only during the nutrition education. This sodium reduction education program, including the follow-up study showed positive effects on the blood pressure, sodium intake, nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior of hypertensive adults.

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    Hee-Ok Pak, Chun-Young Sohn, Jung-Hwa Park
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    So-Hyun Ahn, Jong Sook Kwon, Kyung Min Kim, Jin-Sook Yoon, Hye-Kyeong Kim
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    Hae Young Kim, Juhyeon Kim
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  • Implementation and Evaluation of Nutrition Capacity Training Program for Dietitians and Related Professionals Working at Customized Home Visiting Health Services
    Sook Bae Kim, Jin Sook Yoon, Kyung Won Kim
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  • The Study on Dietary Behavior and Health Related Behaviors of Self Perceived Sodium Intake Groups
    Juhyeon Kim, Hei-Ryeo Yoon, Nam-E Kang
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  • Sodium Related Recognition, Dietary Attitude and Education Needs of Dietitians Working at Customized Home Visiting Health Service
    Yun-Jeong Mo, Sook-Bae Kim
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  • Development of Nutrition Education Program for Consumers to Reduce Sodium Intake Applying the Social Cognitive Theory: Based on Focus Group Interviews
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  • The Effectiveness of Na Reduction Program for Cook in Child-care Center: Focus on Self-reevaluation and Strengthen Consciousness
    Hyewon Shin, Youngmee Lee
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  • The Effects of Low-sodium Diet Education Program on Dietary Habits, Diet Quality and Obesity Index in Overweight and Obese Middle-aged Women
    Soo Bin Jeong, Seoyun Park, Sohyun Ahn, Jin Nam Kim, Hye-Kyeong Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(6): 513.     CrossRef
  • Blood Pressure, Sodium Intake and Dietary Behavior Changes by Session Attendance on Salt Reduction Education Program for Pre-hypertensive Adults in a Public Health Center
    Eun-Jin Jung, Jong-Sook Kwon, So-Hyun Ahn, Sook Mee Son
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(6): 626.     CrossRef
  • A Survey on the Salt Content of Kindergarten Lunch Meals and Meal Providers' Dietary Attitude to Sodium Intake in Gyeonggi-do Area
    Jin Nam Kim, Seoyun Park, Sohyun Ahn, Hye-Kyeong Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(5): 478.     CrossRef
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[English]
Dietary Behaviors Related to Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults
Jinkyung Park, Sanghui Kweon, Yangha Kim, Myoung Jin Jang, Kyungwon Oh
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(5):664-675.   Published online October 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.5.664
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to investigate the cross-sectional associations between dietary factors and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 12,755 subjects (males 5,146, females 7,609) aged 19 years or above using data from the 4th (2007-2009) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The prevalence of MetS in Korean adults was 23.6% (males 26.1%, females 20.9%) with the criteria for modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. While males had a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and high blood pressure than females, the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol level was higher in females than in males. Among dietary guidelines, the response of 'yes' for asking practice of 'avoiding salty foods', and 'eating moderately and increasing physical activity for healthy weight' were significantly associated with the decreased risk of MetS in both males and in females. Especially, the risk of MetS was significantly lower in the subjects that responded the practice of all items of Korean Dietary Guidelines. Significantly negative associations with MetS were also found in the responding for practice of 'limiting consumption of alcoholic beverages' in males, and taking dietary supplements in females. Skipping breakfast was positively associated with the risk of MetS. In conclusion, dietary behaviors such as having breakfast, practice of dietary guidelines, and food consumption in moderation could modify the prevalence of MetS, and our findings could be useful for establishing guidelines for preventing MetS.

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    Yeongin Lee, Hyojee Joung
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    Yoo Mi Cho, Kyoung Suk Lee
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    SoYeon Kwon, Mijung Park, YoonJu Song
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[English]
Analysis of Body Composition, Dietary Behaviors and Life style of 30~50 year old Women Living in Seoul
Jae Ok Koo, Seoyun Park
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(4):440-449.   Published online August 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.4.440
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of body composition, and to analyze its relationship to dietary behaviors and life style. The study subjects were divided into 3 age groups; 30' years (n = 78) 40' years (n = 71) and 50' years (n = 44). The data was collected by physical measurement (Inbody 230) and questionnaires. The rate of disease and general characteristics were higher in the 50 year old group than in the other groups. Average amount of body water, protein, mineral and body fat were 29.0 kg (50.4%), 7.7 kg (13.4%), 2.8 kg (4.8%), 18.7 kg (31.5%), respectively. The rate of menopause was significantly different with increasing age. Menopause was 1.3%, 9.1%, 79.6% by age respectively. Body fat percent was significantly increased and body water decreased with age (p < 0.01). The fat composition was higher and the mineral content was lower in 50' year old group. Dietary behavior scores of 30' year old group was significant lower than in the other two groups (p < 0.001). The means of salty eating, skipping meals, fruit intake and food habits total point were significantly higher in the 50 year old group than in the other groups. There were significant positive correlations between age, BMI, waist hip ratio respectively (p < 0.01). There were significant negative correlations between age and body water, body mineral, skeletal muscle (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.01). The results of this study suggested that nutritional management and education for adult women differ by age group.

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    Hye-Jin Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee
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    Hye-Jin Lee, Kyung-Hea Lee
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2013; 42(9): 1395.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Dietary Behaviors, Health-Related Lifestyle of Adult Visitors at Public Health Centers in Gyeonggi Urban Area
    Jong-Sook Kwon, Kyungmin Kim, Hyun-Chang Seo, Yoonna Lee, Seunggeon Lim, Young-Sug Choi
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(6): 611.     CrossRef
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A Comparison of Salty Taste Assessments and Dietary Attitudes and Dietary Behaviors Associated with High-Salt Diets in Four Regions in Korea
Hyun Hee Kim, Yun Young Jung, Yeon Kyung Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2012;17(1):38-48.   Published online February 29, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.1.38
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to compare regional differences in salty taste assessments, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors associated with high-salt diets in four national regions in Korea (Region 1: Seoul, Sokcho, Region 2: Buyeo, Jecheon, Gong Ju, Region 3: Daegu, Gyeongsan, Region 4: Jeon Ju). Subjects were 860 persons who participated in sodium reduction campaign. The result of the salty taste assessment by region was not significantly different. The nutrition knowledge score of subjects in Region 1 was the highest. Dietary attitude scores that showed preference for high-salt diets of Region 2 and Region 4 subjects were higher than those of Regions 1 and 3 subjects (p < 0.001). Dietary behavior scores were not significantly different among regions. The correlation between sodium intake and salty taste assessment was significant (p < 0.01). Older subjects who had high blood pressure levels and lower nutrition knowledge were more likely to have high sodium intakes. Even though the salty taste assessment and dietary behavior scores by region were not significantly different, the salty taste assessment scores had a significant negative correlation with nutrition knowledge and had a significant positive correlation with dietary attitude and dietary behavior in terms of preference for high-salt diets. Therefore, nationwide education regarding salt intake reduction and health and a campaign to encourage favorable attitudes and behavioral changes regarding consumption of a no-salt / low-salt diet is needed.

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    Ji-Sook Kong, Yeon-Kyung Lee, Mi Kyung Kim, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Young-Ran Heo, Taisun Hyun, Sun Mee Kim, Eun-Soon Lyu, Se-Young Oh, Hae-Ryun Park, Moo-Yong Rhee, Hee-Kyong Ro, Mi Kyung Song, Tatsuo Shimosawa
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    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2016; 21(1): 75.     CrossRef
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    Mi Jeung Im, Dong Sook Cho
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2016; 22(4): 297.     CrossRef
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    Hei-Ryeo Yoon, Nam-E Kang, Juhyeon Kim
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    Sunhee Seo, O.Y. Kim, J. Ahn
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    Hye-Hyun Hwang, Eun-Kyung Shin, Hye-Jin Lee, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Young Ae Kim, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(1): 36.     CrossRef
  • Salt-Related Dietary Attitudes, Behaviors, and Nutrition Knowledge of University Students according to Estimated Salt Intake Using Urinary Salt Signal
    Mi-Hyun Kim, Daun Min, Eungyoung Jang, Jee-Young Yeon, Jong Wook Kim, Yun-Jung Bae
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2015; 44(2): 226.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Sodium-related Dietary Attitude and Behaviors According to Sodium-related Nutrition Knowledge of University Students
    Mi-Hyun Kim, Jee-Young Yeon, Jong Wook Kim, Jae-Eon Byun, So-Young Bu, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Yun-Jung Bae
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(5): 327.     CrossRef
  • Sodium-related Eating Behaviors of Parents and Its Relationship to Eating Behaviors of Their Preschool Children
    Ye Seul Kim, Hong Mie Lee, Jung Hee Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(1): 11.     CrossRef
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    Yun-Jung Bae, Seung-Eun No, Jeong-Hwa Seo, Joo-Hee Son, Mi-Jin Lee, Da-Woon Jung
    The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2015; 28(3): 376.     CrossRef
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    Lin Jiang, Yun-Young Jung, Hyung-Sook Kim, Gi-Seon Nam, Jin-Sook Yun, Jong-Wook Kim, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(2): 109.     CrossRef
  • The Relationship between Dietary Behaviors/health Risk Factors and Preference for Salty Taste among Korean Elderly People Living in Rural Areas
    Mee Sook Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(5): 448.     CrossRef
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    Kyung-A Lee
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    Jeongok Rho, Hyuna Kim
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    Hyun-Hee Kim, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Nutrition.2013; 46(1): 26.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Salty Taste Assessment and High-Salt Dietary Behaviors among University Students and Chinese Students in Daegu, South Korea and University Students in Shenyang, China
    Lin Jiang, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(6): 555.     CrossRef
  • The Development of a Taste Kit for Education and Research into Sensory Characteristics
    Mi-Hye Kim, Hae-Kyung Chung
    Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture.2013; 28(6): 585.     CrossRef
  • Association between Preferences of Salty Food and Acuity and Preferences of Taste of the Elderly People Living in Rural Area
    Mee Sook Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2013; 18(3): 223.     CrossRef
  • The Association between Smoking, Alcohol Intake, and Low-Salt Diet: Results from the 2008 Community Health Survey
    In-Ae Chun, Jong Park, Mi-Ah Han, Seong-Woo Choi, So-Yeon Ryu
    Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2013; 19(3): 223.     CrossRef
  • Measurements of Salinity and Salt Content by Menu Types Served at Industry Foodservice Operations in Daegu
    Ji-Ae Kim, Yun-Hwa Kim, Moon-Young Ann, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2012; 17(5): 637.     CrossRef
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Comparisons of Body Image Perception, Health Related Lifestyle and Dietary Behavior Based on the Self-Rated Health of University Students in Seoul
Ho Kyung Kwak, Mi Young Lee, Mi Joung Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(6):672-682.   Published online December 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.6.672
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to examine the differences in perceived body weight and image and various lifestyles based on the self-rated health of university students when gender was adjusted. Five hundred fifty-five participants were asked their perceived health condition, and 58, 289, 160 and 48 students answered themselves as "very healthy", "healthy", "normal", and "unhealthy", respectively. As compared to the other 3 groups, "unhealthy" group showed higher proportions in dissatisfaction of body weight and negative perception of body image (P < 0.01). As health related lifestyles, "very healthy" group reported longer sleeping time than "unhealthy" group (P < 0.05), and had a higher proportion of people with regular exercise. Among the dietary behaviors, the frequencies of followings significantly different among the groups: "Regularity of meal time" (P < 0.01), "Eat protein foods more than twice a day" (P < 0.001), "Eat vegetables" (P < 0.01), "Eat fruit and fruit juice" (P < 0.01), "Eat vegetable oil added foods" (P < 0.01), "Eat seaweed" (P < 0.01), "Eat breakfast" (P < 0.01), "Modulation in animal fat and high in cholesterol intake" (P < 0.01). Particularly, higher proportion of subjects answered "very healthy" had higher frequencies (6-7 times/week) of these dietary behaviors. Overall results suggest that healthy lifestyle including adequate sleeping time, regular exercise, and good dietary behaviors might be potential factors affecting positive perception of health. In addition, positive perception of body weight and image were related with positive perception of health.

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    Seung Lim Lee, Sun Hee Lee
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    Eun-Hee Seo
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    Hae Ok Jeon
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[English]
Effects of Occasional Mid-Morning Snacks on Dietary Behaviors and School Life in Elementary School Students
Eun Ji Park, Yuri Kim, Yunsook Lim
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(6):661-671.   Published online December 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.6.661
AbstractAbstract PDF
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of occasional mid-morning snacks (MMS) on dietary behaviors and school life among elementary students. The students, mothers, and teachers from two elementary schools in Seoul were selected. The schools have been provided a steamed sweet-potato or potato, or a piece of ricecake or cake with a pack of milk as MMS 3-4 times a month for more than 3 years. Most students were satisfied with the MMS. Mothers and teachers reported that their children or students were happier, more active, and more energetic in school with MMS. Furthermore, the students answered that they could drink milk better on the day when the school provided MMS. Many students felt that it was relevant to serve a simple menu at lunch time if they were served MMS. Also, students became more interested in school meals or foods with MMS. In addition, mothers who had jobs wanted more frequent MMS. The degree of satisfaction about MMS of the teachers was higher than that of students or mothers. Many teachers thought that their students drank milk better with MMS and further, that it made students to drink more milk on other days. In conclusion, MMS had positive effects on the dietary behavior and school life of elementary students. Therefore, it can be a good option for eliminating skipping breakfast because it provides more nutrition, makes students drink more milk, and allows students to enjoy school activities more.
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Analysis of BMI, Body Composition, Weight Control, Dietary Behaviors of Adult Women
Jae Ok Koo, Seoyun Park
Korean J Community Nutr 2011;16(4):454-465.   Published online August 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.454
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was carried out to investigate distribution of obesity, body composition, weight control and dietary behaviors, and to analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical characteristics, body composition and dietary behaviors by anthropmetric measurement and questionnaires. The 199 study subjects were divided into 3 age groups; 30's (78), 40's (77) and 50's (44) and 4 groups by BMI ; under weight (4.5%), normal (51.3%), over weight (26.1%) and obese (18.1%). Amount of skeletal muscle, body water, mineral and body fat were significantly increased with BMI. There were especially significant increase skeletal muscle 5.3 kg (19.1 --> 23.5 kg), body water 5.3 kg (26.3 --> 31.6 kg) and fat 15.2 kg (11.2 --> 26.4 kg) from under weight to obesity group, respectively (p < 0.01). There were significantly decreased in the ratio of body water (10.3%), protein (2.7%) and body mineral (1.1%) from under weight to obesity, but significant increase 14.1% in body fat (p < 0.001). About 44.4% of under weight group and 40.1% of normal group and 50% of over and obesity group had dissatisfaction on their body images. Most of the women were concerned about their body images and experienced weight control. Dietary behavior scores of obesity group were significant lower than the other four groups (p < 0.001). There were significant positive correlation between BMI and body water (r = 0.62), protein (r = 0.52), skeletal muscle (r = 0.63), body fat (r = 0.91) and WH ratio (r = 0.91), respectively (p < 0.001). The correlation between BMI and body fat and WH ratio were much higher than the correlation between weight and fat and WH ratio.

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Development and Evaluation of a Nutrition Education Program on Sodium Reduction in Elementary School Students
Yun Young Jung, Eun Kyung Shin, Hye Jin Lee, Nan Hee Lee, Byung Yeol Chun, Moon Young Ann, Yeon Kyung Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2009;14(6):746-755.   Published online December 31, 2009
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was to develop and evaluate a nutrition education program to reduce dietary sodium. The school children (218 boys, 226 girls), from 8 elementary schools in the city of Daegu, Korea, were involved in this study. This research was based on the data from two groups of elementary school children, the "education" group (n = 240), and "no-education" group (n = 204). Educational media and programs were developed to educate the education group for four weeks and were presented on the web (www.saltdown.com). After education, the preference for a non-salty taste in the education group increased 10%, compared with those who preferred a non-salty taste before education. There was a significant change away from a preference for a salty taste and a rise in the mean score for nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude in the education group compared to the no-education group (p < 0.05). This study indicates that school children can reduce their dependency on preference for a salty taste and change their high-salt dietary behavior after the education.
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[English]
A Factor Analysis Study on Blood Glucose Control in Diabetics Mellitus Patients(1):Focus on Blood Glucose Control and Lifestyle Factors
Jungeun Jun, Youngmee Lee, Yu jin Oh
Korean J Community Nutr 2009;14(2):236-244.   Published online April 30, 2009
AbstractAbstract PDF
Dietary therapy is a basic and emphasized treatment for diabetes. Several clinical studies have shown that diet can play a major role in preventing and managing diabetes. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the dietary behavior and to find solutions to barriers of diabetes mellitus patients. From February to July in 2007, questionnaires were distributed to one hundred and ten patients who were diagnosed DM by physicians and excluded first coming out-patients. One hundred and three data were used for statistical analysis using SPSS/Win 12.0. The main results of this study included the following: To measure dietary behaviors and barriers, a five point scale was used with the following labels: 'strongly yes', 'yes', 'fair', 'no', 'strongly no'. Thirteen dietary behaviors related to diabetes were grouped into the following 4 factors using factor analysis; 'taste control factor', 'blood glucose influence factor', 'practice volition factor', and 'exercise factor'. The mean scores of 4 factors were 3.88, 3.48, 3.55, 3.21, respectively. The 'taste control behaviors' score of subjects who had practiced diet therapy (4.00) was higher than those who had not practiced diet therapy (P < 0.05). The 'blood glucose influence behaviors' score of subjects who had nutrition education (3.59) was higher than those who had no nutrition education (P < 0.05) and subjects who had practiced diet therapy showed higher score (3.59) than those who had not practiced diet therapy (P < 0.05). 'Exercise behaviors score' of subjects who were over 60 (3.59) was the lowest (P < 0.05). Subjects who had nutrition education showed higher 'exercise behaviors' scores (3.38) than those who had no nutrition education (P < 0.05). Subjects who had practiced diet therapy showed higher 'practice volition behaviors' scores (3.72) than those who had not practiced diet therapy (P < 0.001). Subjects who were over weight showed the highest 'practice volition behaviors' scores (3.78) concerning BMI (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study expected that Nutrition educators (Dietitian) applied to patient effective nutrition education and counseling through evaluation of Dietary behaviors and barriers considered management types and ecological factors of diabetes patients. Also diabetic patients were easy to change dietary habits because they formed behaviors through education and counsel and there were positive effects in their blood glucose control through removing barriers related to dietary therapy.
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A Study on Dietary Behaviors, Nutrients Intake Status and Hematological Status of Middle School Football Players in Busan
Jeong Sook Lee, Na Young Kim, Young Wha Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(5):601-609.   Published online October 31, 2008
AbstractAbstract PDF
The study was carried out to investigate the dietary attitude and hematological status of the middle school football players in Busan. The survey was conducted from September 15 to October 15, 2006 by questionnaires and data analyzed by the SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: The weights and body mass indices of the football players were significantly lower than those of the control. Dietary attitude scores showed no significant differences between the groups. Nutrition knowledge scores of the football players were lower than those of the control. Both football players and the control preferred the sweet taste rather than others. The football players preferred the hot taste, meats, and fish rather than the control did. Serum triglyceride level of the football players was significantly lower than that of the control. Blood iron level was significantly lower in the football players than in the control. Blood urea nitrogen concentration was higher in the football players than in the control. Therefore proper nutritional education programs are required for middle school football players to improve their nutritional status and physical strength.
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Dietary Behaviors and Seasonal Diversity of Food Intakes of Elderly Women Living Alone as Compared to Those Living with Family in Gyeongbuk Rural Area
Young Jee Lim, Young Sun Choi
Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(5):620-629.   Published online October 31, 2008
AbstractAbstract PDF
The purpose of this study was to assess dietary habits and seasonal variation and diversity of food intakes of elderly women living alone as compared to those of elderly women living with family in a rural area. Forty nine elderly women living alone and forty one elderly women living with family who reside in Goryeong-gun, Gyeongbuk, were interviewed using questionnaires in summer 2005, and their food intakes were assessed secondly in winter and thirdly in spring 2006. The average ages were 74.7 years for elderly living alone and 72.8 years for elderly living with family. Tooth status and bone fracture experience were similar between the groups. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disease was 61.2% and that of circulatory disease was 32.7% of the subjects. Average of total score of mental depression of the subjects was 5.94 out of 12 points, and it was not significantly different between the two groups. Skipping meals was more frequent and mealtime was more irregular in the elderly women living alone as compared with the elderly women living with family. Consumption of dietary supplements was also less in the elderly women living alone. Food intakes by the elderly women living alone tended to be lower than those by the elderly women living with family. Dietary diversity score was significantly lower with the elderly women living alone as compared with the elderly women living with family only in summer (p < 0.01). Percentages of the subjects who have taken meat group and vegetable group were significantly lower in the elderly living alone compared with the elderly living with family during summer. Therefore, it is necessary to develop food assistance or supporting program suited for the season within a community for elderly women living alone.
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The Comparative Study on Food Consumption Patterns, Dietary Behavior, and Nutrition Knowledge of Korean Professional Soccer Players and Non-athletic Males
Hye Kyeong Kim, Jong Sook Kwon, Chan Kim, Jun Ho Kim, Chul Hyun Kim, Kyung Min Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2008;13(2):164-175.   Published online April 30, 2008
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was performed to compare food consumption patterns, dietary behavior, and nutrition knowledge between Korean professional soccer players and the non-athletic males. Data were collected from 53 soccer players working for Korean professional soccer clubs and 44 non-athletic males, using self-administered questionnaires. There were significant differences in food consumption frequency between two groups. Meats and eggs, fishes and shellfishes, sea weeds were consumed more frequently by the soccer players. The frequency scores of foods rich in iron, calcium, and protein were also higher in the soccer players compared with the non-athletes. Meanwhile, the consumption of alcohol was more frequent in the non-athletes. As for the cooking method, the soccer players showed higher preference for steaming/parboiling and consumed raw vegetables and fruits more frequently than the non-athletic males (p < 0.05). The average scores of soccer players on nutrition knowledge for basic nutrition and athletic nutrition were lower than the respective values of the non-athletic males. However, the soccer players showed better eating behaviors and dietary habits compared with non-athletic males (p < 0.001). They had well-balanced, regular diet and good habits for chronic disease prevention. No significant relationship could be observed with respect to nutrition knowledge and nutritional behavior. Moreover, the experience of getting nutrition information did not affect either nutrition knowledge score or nutritional habits score, except that for habits of chronic disease prevention in non-athletes. Therefore, it is suggested that more effective and practical nutrition education program be needed for promoting healthy eating habits and improving nutritional status in young males.
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A Study on Lifestyles, Dietary Habits, Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary behaviors of Male University Students According to Residence Type
Jung Hyun Hwang, Hong Mie Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2007;12(4):381-395.   Published online August 31, 2007
AbstractAbstract PDF
For the purposes of participation in research projects, living in a laboratory has become popular among male university students who tend to have less opportunity for nutrition education and overestimate their own health, suggesting possibilities of many undesirable practices of lifestyle and dietary habits. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate and compare health-related lifestyle practices, dietary habits, nutrition knowledge, food preference and dietary behaviors of the male university students according to residence type. The subjects were 260 (34, 15, 44, and 167, respectively for lab-living, self-boarding, dormitory and commuting) male engineering majors in the Gyeonggi area. Self-administered questionnaires consisted of general characteristics, health-related lifestyle practices, dietary habits, fast food consumption, nutrition knowledge, preference for foods and tastes, and selfexamination of dietary behaviors. Lab-living subjects showed many undesirable practices, particularly with more smokers (p < 0.05), irregular eating (p < 0.01), overeating (p < 0.05) and skipping breakfast (p < 0.01), compared to the dormitory students and more time in computer/TV usage (p < 0.05), overeating (p < 0.05), more frequent use of fastfood (p < 0.05), less nutrition knowledge (p < 0.01) and less intake of milk/dairy products (p < 0.01) and fruits (p < 0.01), compared to commuting subjects. More smokers (p < 0.05) and irregular (p < 0.01) and unrelaxed meal times (p < 0.05), compared to the dormitory group, and less intake of fruits (p < 0.01) and dietary fiber (p < 0.01), compared to the commuting group were shown as undesirable practices of the self-boarding group. Therefore, continuous effort should be made to correct undesirable health- and diet-related practices found in this study in order to improve nutritional status as well as general health by developing a nutrition education program and contents of lectures focusing on more specific problems according to each subgroup such as lab-living and self-boarding male university students.
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Body Image Recognition and Dietary Behaviors of College Students According to the Body Mass Index
Si Yeon Kim, Hong Mie Lee, Kyung Hee Song
Korean J Community Nutr 2007;12(1):3-12.   Published online February 28, 2007
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was performed to investigate the body image perception by BMI and the dietary behaviors in 803 college students (408 males and 395 females). The degree of obesity was divided into an underweight group with BMI less than 18.5 kg/m(2), a normal group with BMI of 18.5~22.9 kg/m(2), an overweight group with BMI of 23~24.9 kg/m(2) and an obese group with BMI over 25.0 kg/m(2). The average ages of subjects were 22.9 years in males and 20.2 years in females. The average weight and height of male subjects were 175.3 cm and 69.6 kg, respectively and those of female subjects were 162.5 cm and 52.0 kg, respectively. The average BMIs of male and female subjects were 22.6 kg/m(2) and 19.7 kg/m(2), respectively. The distribution of subjects who perceived their current body image as ideal body image was 25.7% in males and 10.9% in females, showing that the body image satisfaction of male subjects was 1.5 times higher than that of female subjects. Body image perception for their own bodies was mostly shown as the average or standard shape both in males and females with 64.2% and 54.2%, respectively, but males showed a higher perception rate than females and 31.1% of females and 19.5% of males perceived their bodies as lean shape (p < 0.01). The body image satisfaction was 4.20 in males and 3.70 in females, showing more satisfaction in the male subjects (p < 0.001). The correlation between body image and physical variables in male subjects indicated that CBI and IBI showed statistically significant correlation and also BMI showed statistically significant correlation with IBI (p < 0.001) and CBI (p < 0.001). The frequency of eating out increased as the frequency of skipping meals increased (p<0.001) and the frequency of having snacks increased as the frequency of eating out increased (p < 0.01). The correlation between body image and physical variables in female subjects showed that CBI and IBI (p < 0.001) had statistically significant correlation. Body weight showed statistically significant correlation with CBI (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001) and height (p < 0.001). The frequency of eating out increased as height (p < 0.01) and the frequency of skipping meals (p < 0.001) increased. When both male and female subjects wanted leaner body shapes, they preferred much leaner shapes despite their current body images belonging in the normal range. Additionally subjects preferred the body image in the normal range in cases when their current body images were lean. In particular, more female subjects had strong desires to become leaner in their body images than male subjects, which could be analyzed as a risk factor for physical harm. From the above results, it is considered that both male and female subjects need to establish proper recognition and dietary behaviors for their body images and also need nutritional education and counseling for desirable weight control methods.
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The Study on Dietary Behaviors of Elementary School Student in Chungnam Area According to the School Food Service Type, Gender and Grade
Hye Soon Chang, Myung Ja Kim
Korean J Community Nutr 2006;11(5):608-617.   Published online October 31, 2006
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study compared the food habits and attitudes towards dietary life culture in types of feeding management, gender and grade. The subjects were 352 elementary school students who lived in Seocheon, Chungnam. The independently managed school students were better than jointly managed school students in food habits (p < 0.05). In skipping school meals, upper grade students were skipped more than lower grade students (p < 0.05). In rate of eating school meals, boys were faster than girls (p < 0.001). The independently managed school students and the jointly managed school students were different on distasteful food. Boys disliked vegetables and girls disliked cereals and beans (p < 0.05). Upper grade students ate more well-balanced meals than lower grade students (p < 0.05). As for the question "what you will do if the distasteful foods are provided through school meals", they responded. the highest percent of students, "I will try once or twice". And the response "I have them for health" was higher independently in managed school students than the jointly managed school students (p < 0.05), girls than boy (p < 0.05), and the lower grades than the upper grades (p < 0.05). As for the question "what you will do if the distasteful foods are provided, after the guide for school meals was performed", the response, "I will make an effort to have it" accounted for the highest percents, and there were differences in lower grade students who were high percents than upper grade students (p < 0.01). As for the recognition for unbalanced diets, most of the students recognized that it is a "bad habit"; the girl students accounted for more percentage than boys (p < 0.05). The criterion of food choice were different in gender and grade (p < 0.01). As for the factor of influences for the food habits formation, lower grade students were "school education" and upper grade students were "parents" (p < 0.05). Thus, the systematic guide for proper intakes of nutrition should be performed. Also, the time when students can be educated by an expert of nutritional education, which is connected with school meals and students can grow healthily.
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Physical Development and Dietary Behaviors of Children in Low-Income Families of Seoul Area
Kyung Hui Nam, Young Mee Kim, Go Eun Lee, Yu Na Lee, Hyojee Joung
Korean J Community Nutr 2006;11(2):172-179.   Published online April 30, 2006
AbstractAbstract PDF
Since the economic crisis in 1997, the number of low income families has increased and the turmoil is likely to affect nutritional and health status of the children in low-income families. The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary behaviors and physical development of low income family children in the Seoul area. The subjects were 44 boys and 56 girls, between the ages of 7 and 12 years, from the beneficiary families of the governmental assistant program and enrolled in after school-care centers. A self-reported questionnaire, including general characteristics and dietary behaviors, was applied to the children and their parents. Skipping meal rate was higher in breakfast than in lunch or dinner, and was less frequent in parents and children families compared to that of the other types of families (p<0.05). Most students are shown that they usually keep the dietary guideline for Korean children. There were significant differences in keeping the dietary guidelines between the parents and children family group and other groups in several items. The results imply that the nutrition education program should be more focused on the families which are not composed of parents and children.
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[English]
A Study on Dietary Behaviors, Nutritional Status and Hematological Status in Female Ballet Majors in University
Na Young Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Seog Ji Kim, Myoung Ju Park, Seok Hwan Kim, Jeong Sook Lee
Korean J Community Nutr 2005;10(6):835-844.   Published online December 31, 2005
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This study was carried out to investigate the dietary behaviors, nutritional status and hematological status of female ballet majors a university. The study was conducted from May 11 to June 20, 2004 by questionnaires, anthropometry and blood analysis and data analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: The body mass index (BMI) and body fat rate of the ballet majors were significantly lower than those of the controls. Eighty-six point four percent of the ballet majors and 58.3% of the controls had weight control experiences. Intakes of the nutrients were lower than those of the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDAs), except vitamin C in the ballet majors. Intakes of calories, calcium and iron were lower than those of the RDAs in the controls. Serum triglyceride levels of the ballet majors were significantly lower than that of the controls. HDL-cholesterol concentration was higher in the ballet majors than in the controls. No differences were found in the serum total cholesterol level, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit value between the groups. Total iron binding capacity of the ballet majors was higher than that of the controls. Serum iron level was significantly lower in the ballet majors than in the controls. Nutrition knowledge scores and dietary attitude scores were lower in the ballet majors than in the controls. Self esteem and body-cathexis of the ballet majors were higher than that of the controls. These results indicate that the ballet majors should be given more nutritional education to improve their nutritional status and the dancing performance.
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[English]
Effects of School Lunch Program on Nutritional Knowledge and Attitude, and Dietary Behavior of Korean Middle School Students
Yoo Mi Oh, Mi Hyun Kim, Chung Ja Sung
Korean J Community Nutr 2005;10(2):163-173.   Published online April 30, 2005
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School Lunch Program (SLP) should provide adequate and qualitative nutritional food for student's growth and proper food habit. With this fact, this study divided 524 middle school students who resided in Jeonju, Jellabukdo into two groups, SLP or non SLP according to whether they were provided SLP or not. Then this research estimate each group's nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude, dietary behavior, balance of three meals, and health checking their clinical symptom to investigate the effects of the SLP. This research applied anthropometric data, questionnaires and food intake data using 24 hours recall method. Each group's age average was same as 14.0 years old respectively. The average score of nutritional knowledge and condition of balance of lunch were significantly higher in SLP group than those of non-SLP group, although, there were no significant differences in the scores of nutritional attitude, dietary behavior, and balance of breakfast and dinner within both groups. This research showed that SLP had positive role on nutritional knowledge and balanced lunch. However, current SLP is not sufficient to cause change the nutritional attitude and dietary behavior. To make more applicable and effective result of SLP leading nutritional attitude changes and development of appropriate dietary behavior, certain level of nutritional education to the student may be important.
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A Study on the Nutrient Intakes and Factors Related to Dietary Behavior of Women by Age Groups in Incheon
In Kyung Jung
Korean J Community Nutr 2005;10(1):46-58.   Published online February 28, 2005
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The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrition intakes and factors related to dietary behaviors according to age in female. The subjects included 579 females aged 15 - 59 years. This survey was conducted using a selfadministered questionnaire to obtain data about eating behaviors, living habits, eating disorders by EAT-26 (Eating Attitude Test-26), and nutrition knowledge. In younger women aged 15 - 20 years, the living habits related to health such as smoking, drinking and exercising were undesirable. In addition, the younger women group had significantly higher levels of skipping meals and frequency of eating snacks compared to the older women group and their eating times were not regular. And they showed a lower score of health eating index by mini dietary assessment (MDA). Although, all age groups consumed energy, Ca, Fe, and thiamin below the Korean RDA; especially, in adolescent, Ca intakes (67.1% RDA) were extremely low. In addition, mean score of EAT-26 was significantly higher in young women aged 15 - 29 years than older women. Also, they had rather lower levels of accuracy and perception for nutrition knowledge compared to older age group. These results suggested that Korean adolescent had undesirable nutritional intakes and attitude, and nutrition knowledge, indicating inadequate eating behaviors. These poor dietary behaviors can affect the health status. Therefore, the nutrition counseling and education to help people to have correct nutrition knowledge and to form better eating habits needs to be established.
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Korean J Community Nutr : Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
© The Korean Society of Community Nutrition.
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